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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour (OFT) is a recently described, mesenchymal neoplasm originally defined as a borderline or low-grade malignant lesion. Prior reports of OFT characterize it as a slow growing lesion with a propensity to occur in both the upper and lower extremities. Most OFTs have occurred within the deep subcutis or skeletal muscle. We report nine cases which arose in the head and neck region. Six of the nine tumours were classified as ossifying variants of OFT while two were non-ossifying variants that lacked a discernable shell of lamellar bone. One tumour was classified as a malignant OFT. Seven lesions occurred in a subcutaneous site while two lesions occurred intraorally beneath the gingival and palatal mucosa. The OFTs occurred in six men and three women (age range of 29-75 years). The tumours had histological features compatible with previously described OFTs and consisted of lobulated nests of small, cytologically bland round cells (with the exception of one malignant OFT), with a myxoid to hyalinized stroma and were surrounded in part by dense fibrous connective tissue. Six cases had an incomplete rim of lamellar bone with occasional perpendicularly oriented spicules of bone. Five lesions were immunostained. S-100 protein, neuron specific enolase, and Leu-7 were found in three out of five tumours. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, smooth muscle actin (SMA), and muscle specific actin (MSA) were detected in two out of five lesions, although staining for SMA and MSA was weak in reactivity. Staining for vimentin was strongly positive in all five cases tested. The tumours were not reactive with antibodies directed against cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen or neurofilament protein. Follow-up information, available in eight cases, revealed multiple local recurrences in the one tumour believed to be a malignant OFT. The histogenesis of these tumours is uncertain, although the preponderance of evidence suggests a Schwann cell origin.
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PMID:Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour (of soft parts) of the head and neck: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of nine cases. 844 24

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour of soft parts is a recently described benign neoplasm which usually presents in soft tissue. The histogenesis or pattern of differentiation is a source of controversy. Thirteen cases are reported herein. All arose in adults, principally on the upper trunk or head and neck region. None recurred. All but one tumour showed a shell of lamellar bone, laid down by reactive osteoblasts, at the tumour-host interface. The characteristic laciform, glomoid and fascicular patterns, usually in combination, necessitate differential diagnosis from chondroid, smooth muscle and neural tumours especially. Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity for S-100 protein in 10/12, desmin in 7/10 and smooth muscle actin in 4/8. Ultrastructural examination of four cases revealed prominent intermediate filaments, without myofilamentous organization, and a discontinuous external lamina. Immunoelectronmicroscopy localized desmin positivity to the filamentous meshwork. Differentiation therefore appears to take the form of an incomplete neural and smooth muscle phenotype, without evidence of complete maturation.
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PMID:Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour of soft parts: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis. 845 56

Twenty-seven cases of adult rhabdomyoma (ARM) of the head and neck are reported. The 20 male and seven female patients ranged in age from 33 to 80 years (median age, 60 years). Symptoms included airway obstruction and a mass within the mucosa or soft tissue. Median tumor size was 3.0 cm (range, 1.5 to 7.5 cm). Seven patients (26%) presented with multinodular tumors and one tumor was multicentric. Follow-up was available in 19 cases and ranged from 2 months to 18.5 years after diagnosis (median, 6.0 years). Lesions recurred locally in eight cases (42%) 2 to 11 years after diagnosis (median, 6 years). One recurrence was multicentric. Histologically, ARM was composed of closely packed, large polygonal cells having abundant, eosinophilic, granular, or vacuolated glycogen-rich cytoplasm with focal cross-striations. Immunohistochemical stains confirmed skeletal muscle differentiation; the majority of tumors stained for myoglobin (21 of 21 tumors), muscle-specific actin (21 of 21 tumors), and desmin (19 of 21 tumors). Focal or rare immunoreactivity for vimentin (six of 17 cases), alpha-smooth muscle actin (17 of 20 cases), S-100 protein (14 of 21 cases), and Leu-7 (10 of 20 cases) also was detected. Cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and CD68 antigen (with KP1) were not found. The characteristic histology and immunophenotype distinguish ARM from other lesions with which it is frequently confused, including granular cell tumor, hibernoma, oncocytoma, and paraganglioma. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin has not been reported previously in ARM; its presence could reflect aberrant expression of smooth muscle actin in skeletal muscle or possibly be a recapitulation of early skeletal muscle embryogenesis.
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PMID:Adult rhabdomyoma of the head and neck: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study. 850 39

A pig rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (PRUM59) was established, and the immuno(histo)chemical and cytogenetic characterization of these cells was determined. At various swine farms in the Netherlands, pigs were observed that had solitary or multiple skin nodules, which were diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcomas. Cells of a tumor derived from a 3.5-week-old female pig were cultured for immunochemical and cytogenetic analyses. The cell line had characteristic features of undifferentiated muscle cells, similar to those observed in tumor tissue sections; they contained titin, a high-molecular weight protein specific for striated muscle, as dot-like aggregates and as filaments, desmin filaments and cross-striations, smooth muscle actin stress fibers, and vimentin filaments. The cells stained positively for striated muscle actin and tropomyosin as well. The immunohistochemical staining results were supported by results of immunoblotting experiments. Karyotyping of the cells revealed a deletion of a major part of Xq24-qter, a part of the long arm of 1 of the 2 X chromosomes. The other X chromosome and all autosomes appeared to be normal.
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PMID:Cultured pig rhabdomyosarcoma cells with a deletion of the Xq24-qter chromosome region: an immunochemical and cytogenetic characterization. 853 78

Hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas are rare, naturally developing tumors of blood vessels. In a retrospective study covering a period of 57 contiguous months between 1986 and 1991, four cavernous hemangiomas, eight capillary hemangiomas, and three hemangiosarcomas developed spontaneously in A/J, BALB/cJ, BALB/cByJ, C57BL/6J, NU/J, and 129/SvJ inbred mouse strains. When data were correlated to actual numbers of each sex in the colony, no sexual dimorphism was determined. At the time of submission, mice ranged in age from 100 to 434 days, with a mean of 217 days. Tumors principally affected the skin but were also diagnosed in the seminal vesicles, liver, muscle tissue, and cerebellum. Immunohistochemistry, with antisera directed against human von Willebrand factor (factor VIII-related antigen) as an endothelial cell marker, labeled mouse endothelial cells inconsistently. A monoclonal antibody directed against the smooth muscle actin isoform, but not the sarcomeric muscle actin isoform, outlined vascular structures in tumors and normal vascular smooth muscle in adjacent normal tissues.
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PMID:Hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas in inbred laboratory mice. 856 46

Thirteen dermal cylindromas (DC) have been studied immunohistochemically using a panel of antibodies that stain different portions of normal eccrine and apocrine glands. Distinct staining patterns were found in the different cell populations of the tumor. Although the expression of cytokeratins (CK) 19 and 1/10/11 in occasional duct structures could indicate excretory (ductal) differentiation, a link between DC and apocrine secretory coil is suggested by the expression of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, lysozyme, human milk factor globulin 1, alpha smooth muscle actin (1A4), and CK 8 and 18. The presence of intermingled S-100 protein-, HLA DR-, and CD1a-positive cells argues for the existence of Langerhans cells within the neoplasm. DC shares epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (B12), laminin, collagen IV, fibronectin, and CD34(QBEND/10) expression with both eccrine and apocrine glands.
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PMID:Dermal cylindroma. An immunohistochemical study of thirteen cases. 859 35

We describe the case of a painful primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma that developed on the back of a 54-year-old white male over a 6-year period. The lesion had been sampled by punch technique and had been originally diagnosed as cutaneous sclerosis. Histologic examination of excisional tissue revealed a diffuse spindle cell neoplasm in the dermis that extended into the subcutis. There was extensive sclerosis and sparse cellularity in the deep portion and in several zones throughout the tumor. Immunostaining for desmin was negative, although stains for vimentin and smooth muscle actin were both strongly positive. Sclerotic cutaneous leiomyosarcoma should be recognized as a distinct but unusual variant of leiomyosarcoma that may be difficult to diagnose because of extensive sclerosis. Lesions may be painful and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of painful cutaneous neoplasms of the skin.
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PMID:Sclerotic primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma. 859 40

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneum with rhabdomyoblastic areas which developed in a 59-year-old woman is reported. The tumor was composed mostly of spindle cells immunoreactive with desmin and smooth muscle actin antisera. In the lesion there were no fewer than five patches constituted by large pleomorphic elements which reacted with antidesmin, sarcomeric actin and myoglobin antisera. These dual features were interpreted as the result of a divergent differentiation of neoplastic cells.
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PMID:Rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in a leiomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneum. 860 49

The unusual occurrence of a glomus tumor within a small, deep dermal nerve is reported. This phenomenon has been described previously only once in the literature. The lesion appeared as a painful cutaneous nodule in the shoulder of a 67-year-old woman. Microscopically, a typical solid, smooth muscle actin-positive glomus tumor was seen, encircled completely by neural tissue in the deep dermis. There was no extension of the tumor beyond the nerve. Immunohistochemically, the nerve fibers surrounding and within the tumor were positive for S-100 protein and neurofilament. The presence of perineurium surrounding the glomus tumor was confirmed by a layer of epithelial membrane antigen-positive cells. In view of the absence of normal glomus bodies in the nerves, an origin from a less specialized perivascular cell is proposed.
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PMID:Cutaneous intraneural glomus tumor. 887 13

Nine vulvar and three vaginal angiomyofibroblastomas from patients 23 to 71 years of age (mean, 46 yr) were analyzed. The tumors were well circumscribed and ranged from 0.9 to 11 cm (average, 4.7 cm) in maximal dimension. On microscopic examination, they had hypercellular and hypocellular areas. The neoplastic cells were spindle-shaped, plasmacytoid, or epithelioid; a variable number were binucleated or multinucleated cells. A focal storiform pattern was present in one tumor, and, in one tumor, the neoplastic cells formed a collar around a central area of dense collagen. There was no significant nuclear atypia, and there was less than one mitotic figure per 10 high-power fields. The tumors contained small- to medium-sized blood vessels, which were characteristically thin walled and, occasionally, ectatic and branching. The stroma was edematous, separated collagen fibers and contained a variable number of inflammatory cells, especially lymphocytes and mast cells. Three vulvar tumors contained a variable amount of fat. Ultrastructural study of three tumors showed intracytoplasmic, dilated, rough endoplasmic reticulum, moderate numbers of pinocytotic vesicles, and numerous filaments without dense bodies; rare intercellular rudimentary junctions were identified. Eleven of 11 tumors were immunoreactive for vimentin, 11 of 12 for desmin, three of 11 for muscle actin, one of 12 for smooth muscle actin, and four of 12 for CD34. There was no staining for factor XIIIa, keratin, S100 protein, Leu-7, glial fibrillary acidic protein, or CD68. Follow-up revealed no recurrences or metastases. Angiomyofibroblastoma is a distinctive benign tumor that arises most commonly in the vulva and vagina and has a diverse histologic and immunohistochemical profile.
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PMID:Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva and vagina. 868 29


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