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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Proliferative activity, especially flow cytometrically determined S-phase fraction, is generally accepted as an important prognostic indicator in carcinoma of the breast. We studied cellular proliferation in 53 breast carcinomas using quantitative image analysis of immunoreactivity to a recently available monoclonal antibody, MIB-1, which is applicable to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. MIB-1 is a murine monoclonal antibody that reacts with the Ki-67 nuclear antigen expressed by proliferating cells in the late G1, and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. These results were compared to flow cytometric determinations of S-phase and S + G2/M phase fractions obtained from corresponding fresh tissue samples. There was a good correlation between quantitative immunoreactivity to MIB-1 as measured by image analysis and flow cytometric S-phase and S + G2/M phase fractions (r = .63, P < .00001; r = .607, P < .00001, respectively). Immunoreactivity to MIB-1 and flow cytometric S-phase and S + G2/M phase fractions were significantly increased in aneuploid tumors as compared to diploid tumors. Histologic grade correlated with flow cytometric S-phase and S + G2/M phase fractions and MIB-1 immunoreactivity as determined by image analysis. There was a correlation between tumor size and MIB immunoreactivity. No proliferative parameters significantly correlated with lymph node status. Assessment of proliferative activity by quantitative image analysis of immunoreactivity to monoclonal MIB-1 antibody may be employed in cases of invasive carcinoma of the breast in which flow cytometric analysis fails to result in quantitative proliferative values, or it may be used as an alternative measurement of such proliferative activity.
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PMID:Quantitative image analysis of MIB-1 immunoreactivity. A comparison with flow cytometric assessment of proliferative activity in invasive carcinoma of the breast. 776 65

The expression of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) and diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) were studied in human astrocytic tumors using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. Both PBR and DBI were prominently expressed in neoplastic cells, whereas in normal brain their amount was low or undetectable. Immunocytochemical double staining demonstrated that PBR and DBI were present in the same cells, suggesting that DBI may act in an autocrine manner in these cells. Analysis of 86 cases showed that PBR expression was statistically significantly associated with tumor malignancy grade (P = 0.004) and the proliferative index as determined by immunocytochemistry with the MIB-1 antibody (P = 0.004). Patients having tumors with high levels of PBR-immunoreactive cells had a shorter life expectancy than patients whose tumors showed lower PBR contents (P = 0.024). In conclusion, these results show that PBR expression is higher in neoplastic cells than in normal brain tissue. They also suggest that PBR immunocytochemistry might be useful in evaluating malignancy in brain tumors.
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PMID:Expression of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor and diazepam binding inhibitor in human astrocytomas: relationship to cell proliferation. 778 Sep 86

A new grading method of astrocytoma, proposed by Daumas-Duport et al, was based on four criteria:nuclear atypia, mitosis, necrosis and endothelial proliferation (0 criteria = Grade 1, 1 criteria = Grade 2, 2 criteria = Grade 3, 3 or 4 criteria = Grade 4). To elucidate the correlation of the classification based on four criteria, cellularity and proliferative activities, we studied proliferating index of 67 astrocytomas, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 antibodies (MIB-1). A new grading method was related to proliferating index in this study, however, cellularity of tumor cells was not related to proliferating index. In this study, endothelial proliferation was invariably seen in high grade(Grade 3 and 4) astrocytomas. These tumor vessels were associated with dysfunction of blood-brain barrier and some growth factors accelerated to tumor cell proliferation. Relation between histopathological grade of astrocytoma and proliferation index was supposed, and new grading system was thought to be useful for routine pathological examination.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of proliferation index of astrocytomas classified by new histopathological grading]. 778 68

The nature of perineurioma, variably termed "localized hypertrophic neuropathy," "intraneural neurofibroma," and "hypertrophic interstitial neuritis" has long been an issue of contention. Most authors consider it a neoplasm, but some a reactive process. Eight clinically and morphologically typical perineuriomas were studied by histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural methods. One perineurioma was subject to tissue culture and cytogenetic study and another to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. The patients, 3 males and 5 females, ranged in age from 11 to 38 years. All tumors were intraneural, and involved extremities (2 sciatic, 1 median, 1 femoral, 1 peroneal, 1 brachial plexus, 1 ulnar, and 1 radial). Neurologic symptoms, motor in all cases and sensory in 4, were present from 1 month to 7 years (mean 1.2 years). Fusiform, segmental nerve enlargement was clinically apparent in only two patients, but was evident on MRI in five of eight patients. Lesion length ranged from 3.5 to 30 cm, the largest involving the sciatic nerve from the obturator foramen to the knee. One lesion involved two nerve roots, but no association with a phakomatosis was noted. Treatment consisted of biopsy in six cases and resection in two cases. Histologically, pseudo-onion bulbs composed of epithelial membrane antigen-reactive, S-100 protein-negative perineurial cells surrounded myelinated or nonmyelinated nerve fibers. Many were accompanied by their S-100 protein-positive Schwann sheaths. Some whorls lacked a central axon. A single mitosis was noted in one case. The MIB-1 antigen labelling index ranged from 4% to 17%. Staining for p53 antigen in six cases showed no (2 of 6), rare (2 of 6), or scattered (2 of 6) immunoreactive nuclei. Cytogenetic analysis in one case demonstrated a chromosomally abnormal clone. Each of 16 metaphases was abnormal; the tumor cells appeared to be homozygously deficient for the region 22q11.2qter. In another case, 53% of interphase nuclei showed three FISH signals with a chromosome 14/22 probe, thus suggesting either monosomy for the centromere of chromosome 14 or that of chromosome 22.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Intraneural perineurioma. A clonal neoplasm associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. 778 53

The aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic significance of estimating tumor cell proliferation in stage I cervical squamous carcinoma by analyzing MIB 1 immunostaining with respect to the lesion size, lymphatic spread, and clinical outcome. A possible relationship between MIB 1 index and natural killer activity was also discussed. The medical records of 34 patients with stage I squamous cervical carcinoma who had undergone primary radical surgery at the Institute of Gynecologic and Obstetrics, Ancona University, between 1988 and 1993, were recruited from our series of 57 consecutive cases and reviewed. Thirty-one patients were considered eligible for the study and evaluated for age, demographic characteristics, tumor histologic grade, tumor size, lymphatic spread, and adjuvant radiotherapy. The expression of primary tumor proliferation related to Ki67 antigen was immunohistochemically evaluated by monoclonal MIB 1 antibody (Immunotech, Marseille Cedex, France) on microwave oven-processed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. The basal natural killer cell activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes was evaluated against K562 cell line and expressed in lytic units for each patient. The MIB 1 immunostaining was significantly related with tumor size (P = 0.001) and lymphatic spread (P = 0.009); in contrast, there was no relationship between grade of histologic differentiation and MIB 1 immunostaining. The Cox proportional hazards analysis showed a significant independent relationship between MIB 1 immunostaining and disease-free survival (P = 0.004). The analysis of natural cytotoxicity defined a significant inverse relationship between peripheral blood lymphocyte's natural killer activity and tumor MIB 1 immunostaining (r = -0.07, with P = 0.03). Our data defined the prognostic significance of tumor cell proliferation immunostaining, an interesting parameter correlated with the disease-free survival in locally advanced cervical carcinoma. The relationship between MIB 1 index and natural killer activity is interesting; natural cytotoxicity seems to be altered in the host with respect to the cervical carcinoma characteristics.
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PMID:MIB 1 immunostaining in stage I squamous cervical carcinoma: relationship with natural killer cell activity. 778 86

An immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies against Ki-67 (MIB 1), PCNA (PC10), p53 and Lewis X antigen was performed on 47 squamous carcinomas of the larynx after partial laser resection. Ki-67 index and expression of Lewis X antigen correlated significantly with both tumor recurrence rate and tumor-free interval. A much weaker relationship was found for the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and no correlation existed with p53 expression. In conclusion, examination of Ki-67 and Lewis X antigen is thought to provide useful prognostic information concerning laser-resectable squamous carcinomas of the larynx.
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PMID:[Value of monoclonal antibodies (PC 10, MIB1, p53 and LeuM 1) for assessing the prognosis of patients with squamous epithelial carcinoma of the larynx after partial laser resection]. 779 71

To clarify relation between macroscopic appearance and the mode of tumor growth in the superficial lesion of colorectal neoplasms, we compared their colonoscopic findings with histological architecture of tumor cells. Macroscopic type was classified into the superficial elevated lesion (II a, n = 42, mean 5.14mm) and the superficial depressed lesion (n = 42, mean 3.84mm). The latter was further divided into 3 subtypes; subtype A, an irregular depression with high marginal elevation (Dep (A), n = 20); subtype B, an irregular depression with irregular marginal elevation (Dep (B), n = 7); subtype C, a clear and wide depression without marginal elevation (Dep (C), n = 15). Histological architecture was evaluated by the transmucosal growth index (TGI) of tumor cells, which is a ratio of tumor width contacting with the muscularis mucosae against that of tumor surface, and by the distribution of proliferating cells detected by Ki-67 antibody (MIB-1). In adenomas TGI increased with a degree of central depression (IIa < Dep(A) < Dep(C)). In carcinomas TGI was high irrespective of their macroscopic forms. Ki-67 labeling indices tended to increase with histological atypia. Adenomas with severe atypia showed a high labeling consistent with carcinomas. In both adenomas and carcinomas, Ki-67 positive cells were mainly noted in upper third of neoplastic glands in II a, Dep (A) and Dep (B) neoplasms. By contrast, Dep (C) neoplasms lost a preferential distribution of proliferating cells, which reached the whole neoplastic glands. These results suggest that Dep (C) adenomas and carcinomas have a unique histopathological architecture in terms of a high TGI and an enlarged distribution of proliferating cells, implying a high malignant potential.
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PMID:[Macroscopic classification and kinetic alternations in the superficial lesion of colorectal neoplasms]. 781 19

Proliferative activity has prognostic significance in many solid tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor proliferation may be accomplished with the Ki-67 monoclonal antibody which recognizes a nuclear antigen expressed throughout the cell cycle. This antibody, however, cannot be used with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Recently, a Ki-67 equivalent murine monoclonal antibody (MIB-a; AMAC, Inc., Westbrook, ME) was generated which can detect tumor proliferative activity in routinely processed tissue with microwave oven heating. Using quantiative image analysis, we assessed the effect of delay in fixation, total time of formalin fixation, and microwave heating time on the immunoreactivity of this antibody. The effect of time to fixation (0, 2, 4, 8, or 24 hours) on MIB-1 immunostaining was determined in various tumor tissues using image analysis. No significant difference in positive nuclear area was observed for tissues in which fixation was delayed for as long as 8 hours relative to controls. A 24-hour fixation delay resulted in a small decrease in positive nuclear area was observed for tissues in which fixation was delayed for as long as 8 hours relative to controls. A 24-hour fixation delay resulted in a small decrease in positive nuclear area relative to controls. The effect of fixation time (4, 24, or 48 hours) and microwave oven heating time on MIB-1 immunostaining was studied in tonsil tissue, and quantitated by image analysis. Good MIB-1 immunostaining was observed for all microwave oven heating times in tissue fixed for 4 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Quality control considerations for Ki-67 detection and quantitation in paraffin-embedded tissue. 782 81

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) arising in the cerebellopontine angle of a 57-year-old woman was reported. The immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings indicated distinct fibrohistiocytic nature and myofibroblastic differentiation of this peculiar tumor. Immunohistochemistry disclosed that the tumor cells expressed monocyte/macrophage markers including CD-68, MAC 387, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. In addition, the neoplasm contained scattered glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells which made small nests in some areas. These GFAP-positive cells had bundles of densely packed intermediate filaments and scanty organellae in the cytoplasm, as demonstrated by an immunostained-semithin and serial-ultrathin section method. By immunostaining of MIB-1 and GFAP, and silver nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) impregnation on serial sections, the GFAP-positive cells were not labeled by MIB-1 and their AgNOR counts averaged 1.13/nucleus. Thus, these GFAP-positive cells seem to have lower proliferating activity than neoplastic astrocytes. It is concluded that they may be nonneoplastic astrocytic cells involved by MFH.
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PMID:Intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma: characterization of GFAP-positive cells in the tumor. 785 Oct 46

Clear morphological criteria for differentiating benign from malignant parathyroid tumors are not yet available and unfavorable prognosis cannot be predicted by histopathological parameters alone. A retrospective study of a series of parathyroid lesions was designed to evaluate the diagnostic role of the cell cycle-associated Ki-67 antigen detected by MIB-1 monoclonal immunocytochemistry. The mean tumor proliferative fraction (TPF), expressed as the number of Ki-67-positive nuclei per 1,000 cells, was 0.8 in normal parathyroid glands (nine specimens), 26.0 in hyperplasias (11 specimens), 32.8 in adenomas (11 specimens), and 60.5 in a group of tumors with histological features consistent with carcinoma (12 specimens). The difference between the latter two values was statistically significant (P < .05). When the five most clinically aggressive tumors were considered, the difference was even more remarkable (TPF, 78.6; P < .001). Oncocytic and pleomorphic cell components were found to proliferate with a labeling pattern similar to that of the chief cells. We conclude that proliferative activity is an additional useful parameter for evaluating parathyroid tumors diagnostically. Aggressive behavior may be expected in those tumors with a TPF greater than 6%.
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PMID:Proliferative activity in parathyroid tumors as detected by Ki-67 immunostaining. 786 42


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