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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Filamentous inclusions (FI) are unusual, irregularly shaped cytoplasmic inclusions, which are mostly found in acinar cell carcinomas of the pancreas and are consequently thought to be an abnormal zymogen granule type. This study describes identical inclusions in acinar, centroacinar, and small duct epithelial cells from nonneoplastic pancreas, as well as those found in tumor cells from a mixed acinar-endocrine pancreatic carcinoma. An ultrastructural and immunogold labeling demonstration indicates that these inclusions are aggregates of intermediate filaments immunoreacting with the anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 mixture and with V9 clone anti-vimentin monoclonal antibodies. Their pleomorphic appearance, variable immunoreactivity, and frequent association with lipid droplets and secondary lysosomes, mostly of the angulate type, led to the hypothesis that the FI undergo a degenerative remodeling pathway similar to that proposed for hepatic Mallory bodies. A survey of the literature on FI and human tumors suggests that they are a variably expressed ultrastructural feature of tumor cells originating from exocrine cell-containing tissues, namely the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Filamentous inclusions in nonneoplastic and neoplastic pancreas: an ultrastructural and immunogold labeling study. 859 5

We report at unique, previously unreported pancreatic tumor occurring in a 60-year-old woman who was preoperative diagnosed on cytoaspiration as having clear cell carcinoma. The resected tumor consisted of a population of large epithelioid cells with clear or eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm, rich in glycogen, with nuclear pleomorphism and no mitotic activity. In spite of the epithelioid appearance, the tumor cells were negative for epithelial (CAM 5.2, KL1, AE1-AE3), endocrine (neuron-specific enolase [NSE], chromogranin A), and acinar (lipase, amylase) markers and positive for actin and melanogenesis-related marker HMB 45. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells showed membrane-bound granules; no evidence of either epithelial or melanocytic differentiation was present. These morphophenotypic features have never been reported in a pancreatic tumor and overlap those of clear cell "sugar" tumor of the lung. The same morphophenotypic features are observed in a family of lesions characterized by the presence of the perivascular epithelioid cell that also includes lymphangiomyomatosis and angiomyolipoma. The present case may be considered a novel member of this family of lesions. We propose this new entity be named clear cell "sugar" tumor of the pancreas.
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PMID:Clear cell "sugar" tumor of the pancreas. A novel member of the family of lesions characterized by the presence of perivascular epithelioid cells. 865 52

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease. HCC derived from different stages of cellular differentiation may have different clinical and pathobiological behavior. To test the hypothesis that HCC can be classified into two types based on its phenotypic markers (hepatocellular and biliary differentiation), liver tissues from 290 Chinese patients with HCC were studied. Expression of hepatocytic differentiation marker (HEP-PAR-reactive antigen), biliary differentiation markers (AE1-AE3, cytokeratin-19), proliferation markers (Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen), alpha-fetoprotein, p53, and transforming growth factor-alpha in the tumor tissue were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Hepatocytic differentiation marker was detected in 99.7% and biliary differentiation markers were detected in 29.3% of these tumors. Clinically, no patient with HCC with biliary markers survived for more than 27 weeks compared with a 22.6% survival rate in patients with HCC negative for biliary markers. HCCs positive for the biliary differentiation markers showed features of more aggressive disease in terms of poorer cellular differentiation (P < 0.001) and high-level expression of proliferation markers (Ki-67, P < 0.001; proliferating cell nuclear antigen, P = 0.0114) compared with HCCs without biliary markers. HCCs with biliary markers also had a higher level of expression of alpha-fetoprotein (P < 0.001) and p53 (P = 0.0077). Classification of HCCs based on its phenotypic (differentiation) markers has both clinical and pathobiological implications.
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PMID:Classification of hepatocellular carcinoma according to hepatocellular and biliary differentiation markers. Clinical and biological implications. 886 66

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a relatively rare lesion. Although its histogenesis has been well described, its immunohistochemical characteristics remain controversial. A case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the soft tissue of the right leg in a 67-year-old Chinese woman is reported. Histologic findings of intracytoplasmic lumina in the tumor cells and positive immunostaining for vimentin, factor VIII-related antigen. CD34 and Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1) were obtained, demonstrating differentiation of the tumor cells to endothelial cells, although staining for antibodies to cytokeratins AE1/AE3 and CAM5.2 was weak. CD34 as well as Factor VIII-related antigen is a useful marker of endothelial differentiation in this tumor. A review of the literature is also presented.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the leg: a case report. 891 83

Needle aspiration specimens from 74 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosed between January 1986 and December 1992 were reviewed and compared with 57 other lesions. The most specific cytologic findings for HCC included capillaries separating tumor cells (34%), bile associated with malignant cells (19%), and endothelial cells lining clusters of neoplastic cells (18%). Less specific findings included polygonal cells with central nuclei resembling normal hepatocytes and intranuclear inclusions. Tissue core fragments available in 53 cases of HCC disclosed that a weak keratin (AE1/AE3) stain (75% of HCC), a canalicular pattern of polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (54%), and a positive alpha-fetoprotein stain (58%) are diagnostic of HCC. All HCCs were negative for monoclonal carcinoembryonic antigen. In situ hybridization for albumin mRNA was positive in 27 of 33 cases of HCC. The diagnosis of HCC by needle biopsy should include cytologic findings and the appropriate immunohistochemical profile, along with detection of albumin mRNA by in situ hybridization.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma: needle biopsy findings in 74 cases. 903 29

Metanephric adenoma is a recently described benign renal neoplasm with distinctive histologic features. The cytologic appearance and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies of this tumor have not been described. We present a case from a 48-yr-old woman. Cytologically, the cells were arranged in tight, short papillae and loose sheets. The cells had scant cytoplasma, round monotonous nuclei with fine even chromatin and rare small nucleoli. Immunohistochemistry revealed no reactivity for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), keratins (AE1/AE3, callus, 34BE12), or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). FISH showed a disomic pattern for chromosomes 7, 17, and for the chromosome 3 short arm. The differential diagnosis includes Wilms' tumor, renal adenoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, and metastatic tumors. Both immunohistochemistry and FISH may be of help in distinguishing some of these lesions.
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PMID:Cytologic and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) examination of metanephric adenoma. 906 99

We report a 50-year-old man with a history of malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosed 1 year previously and treated with pneumonectomy and radiotherapy who presented with an erythematous eruption on the left chest wall. A skin biopsy showed a proliferation of malignant epithelioid cells lining irregular clefts in the dermis. Some groups of cells were observed filling vascular lumina. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells expressed cytokeratins (with antibodies AE1/AE3, MNF 116, and CAM 5.2), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and were negative with Ulex europaeus (UE) and for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CD34, CD15 (with LeuM1 antibody), and factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIra). The histologic features and immunohistochemical profile were comparable to those observed in the primary pleural mesothelioma. This is the first reported case in which malignant mesothelioma metastatic to the skin presented as "inflammatory carcinoma." Although a very uncommon presentation, mesothelioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of erythematous eruptions on the chest.
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PMID:Malignant mesothelioma metastatic to the skin, presenting as inflammatory carcinoma. 918 13

Chordoma is a well-known bone tumor that shows epithelioid features and in which the expression of cytokeratins (CKs) has been reported to appear very frequently. Numerous immunohistochemical analyses of CK expression have been conducted using such monoclonal antibodies as CAM5.2, which react with CK8, CK18, and CK19, and AE1/AE3, which react with CKs 1-8, 10, 14-16 and 19 in chordoma. No detailed analysis, however, of the expression of each component of CK has yet been conducted in chordoma; thus, the subsets of CK expressed there have yet to be clarified. With the use of immunohistochemical techniques with a panel of monoclonal antibodies against each subset of CK, the authors studied the expression of CKs in 16 specimens of classic chordoma and 14 specimens of the fetal notochord to clarify the subsets of CK expressed in chordoma and to evaluate the similarities and differences of CK expression between chordoma and the fetal notochord. All of the chordoma specimens showed a strong positive immunoreactivity for CK8 and CK19, whereas nine (56.3%) chordoma specimens showed a positive immunoreaction for CK18. In addition, four chordoma specimens were focally positive for keratin-903, which reacts with high molecular weight CKs such as CK1, CK5, CK10, and CK14; one specimen also showed a strong CK7 expression. All of the notochord specimens were also positive for CK8 and CK19, but none showed a positive immunoreaction for keratin-903, CK7, or CK18. In addition, none of the chordoma or notochord specimens showed immunoreactivity for CK20. The expression of CK8 and CK19, observed in all of the chordoma and notochord specimens, was thus considered to be maintained throughout the neoplastic transformation, although some aberrant CK expressions (CK7, CK18, and keratin-903) also occurred in the chordoma specimens examined in this study.
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PMID:Cytokeratin subtyping in chordomas and the fetal notochord: an immunohistochemical analysis of aberrant expression. 919 70

To identify a sensitive marker for extramammary Paget's disease and to identify histochemical and immunohistochemical features that suggest occult pelvic cancer in patients with extramammary Paget's disease, we retrieved all cases between 1983 and 1992 with a Standardized Nomenclature of Medicine code of extramammary Paget's disease in the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Nashville, Tenn) surgical pathology archives. All were stained for alcian blue/dPAS (periodic acid-Schiff), mucicarmine, AE1/AE3, cytokeratin (CAM 5.2), cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK 20, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), orthokeratin, prostate-specific antigen, and S-100. Sixteen cases (2 men, 14 women) were retrieved. Two had pelvic malignancies: one rectal adenocarcinoma and one transitional carcinoma. Only CK7 marked all cases. Mucins were sensitive but focal, a potential problem in small biopsy specimens. The transitional tumor had a unique staining profile (CEA- and mucin-negative). CK20 strongly marked Paget cells associated with rectal cancer; its presence suggests a large bowel lesion but is not specific. No case expressed prostate-specific antigen; its presence in a man suggests prostatic carcinoma.
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PMID:Cytokeratins, CEA, and mucin histochemistry in the diagnosis and characterization of extramammary Paget's disease. 920 72

The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is the origin of the majority of human ovarian cancers. These adenocarcinomas are characterized by initial local growth followed by spreading into the peritoneal cavity at later stages of tumor progression. The cell-adhesion molecule E-cadherin (E-cad) plays an important role in maintaining tissue integrity. Disappearance or impaired function of E-cad have often been associated with tumor formation and invasion in vivo and in vitro. The cell-specific expression of E-cad was investigated in normal human ovaries (n = 12), in benign (n = 5) and borderline (n = 4) ovarian epithelial tumors and in adenocarcinomas of different stages and histological grades (n = 18), by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. An ovarian cancer cell line (NIH-OVCAR3) was used as a reference. The epithelial origin of the cells was confirmed with cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) staining. In normal ovaries, the expression of E-cad was limited to inclusion cysts or deep clefts lined with OSE, whereas no staining of the OSE could be demonstrated at the surface of the ovary. In contrast, benign and borderline tumors uniformly expressed E-cad. This was observed in malignant tumors of all stages despite their degree of differentiation. E-cad was also present in metastasis from such tumors. The cell-specific expression of E-cad in inclusion cysts of normal ovaries and in epithelial layers of borderline tumors indicates a role for E-cad in the early events of the progression to a malignant phenotype. E-cad was not downregulated in later stages of ovarian cancer progression.
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PMID:E-cadherin expression in human epithelial ovarian cancer and normal ovary. 922 4


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