Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new monoclonal antibody, KP1, against the CD68 antigen, which labels macrophages and other members of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage in routinely processed tissue sections, has been used to stain a range of lymphoid, histiocytic, and myelomonocytic proliferations. All 20 neoplasms of myeloid, myelomonocytic, and presumed macrophage derivation reacted with antibody KP1. None of the 22 cases of T cell neoplasia had positive reactions. Although 14 of 41 B lineage lymphomas and leukaemias were stained by antibody KP1, staining was usually confined to small dots of reactivity, in contrast to the strong and extensive cytoplasmic staining seen in the neoplasms of myeloid and macrophage/monocyte origin. Furthermore, positive B cell neoplasms were almost all small cell proliferations, which are unlikely to be confused with myelomonocytic malignancies. It was concluded that antibody KP1 is a valuable addition to a panel of monoclonal antibodies for phenotyping lymphomas, particularly in routinely fixed tissues. It should assist the pathologist in the recognition of extramedullary presentation of leukaemia, aid in the diagnosis of suspected cases of true histiocytic neoplasia, and allow for quantitation of macrophages infiltrating lymphomas and other solid tumors.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of myelomonocytic and macrophage neoplasms in routinely processed tissue biopsies with monoclonal antibody KP1. 268 30

The typical example of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) or dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans (DFSP) does not require ancillary studies for diagnosis. However, hemorrhage with cystic change consisting of blood-filled spaces may closely mimic a vascular neoplasm. Eight fibrohistiocytic sarcomas exhibiting these angiomatoid features, initially mistaken for vascular neoplasms, were identified from personal consultation files and review of 157 consecutive sarcomas (1985 through 1993) at the University of California-(Davis) Medical Center. They included five MFH giant-cell-type sarcomas, two MFH angiomatoid-type sarcomas, and one DFSP. Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded material showed vimentin diffuse positive, CD68 (KP-1) diffuse positive, and factor VIII negative in all eight sarcomas; actin HHF-45 focal positive in six, diffuse positive in one, and negative in one sarcoma; desmin focal positive in two and negative in six sarcomas; and S100 protein, cytokeratin AE1:AE3, cytokeratin 10.11, and EMA negative in all eight sarcomas. Electron microscopy of three tumors exhibited neoplastic cells with fibroblastic, myofibroblastic, and histiocytic features. Weibel-Palade bodies or neolumens diagnostic of vascular differentiation were absent. The clinical characteristics and behavior of these sarcomas reflect entities in the spectrum of fibrohistiocytic lineage (MFH subtypes and DFSP) rather than vascular neoplasms. Patients with deep, large, giant-cell-type MFHs did poorly (two of four patients died from disease at 8 and 25 months). Both patients with angiomatoid MFHs showed local recurrences from large incompletely excised head and neck lesions. One died of disease at 21 months and the other is free of disease 12 months following excision of a local metastasis to the opposite side of the neck. The patient with DFSP had an 18-cm locally recurrent scalp tumor that extended into bone. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural confirmation of fibroblastic, myofibroblastic, and histiocytic lineage and exclusion of vascular differentiation help to establish the correct diagnosis in these fibrohistiocytic sarcomas with angiomatoid features. The clinicopathologic features of these eight cases reaffirm the practical utility of MFH and DFSP as diagnostic entities in the spectrum of fibrohistiocytic sarcomas.
 ...
PMID:Angiomatoid features in fibrohistiocytic sarcomas. Immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and clinical distinction from vascular neoplasms. 748 9

Expression of the adhesion molecules LFA-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 was studied in five resected colon carcinomas, one villous adenoma, and normal colon mucosa to determine whether expression of these markers is increased in response to tumor. Frozen tissue samples were stained by a labeled avidin-biotin technique using primary antibodies to LFA-1 (CD11a), CD2, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, HLA-DR, ICAM-1 (CD54), and VCAM-1. For each marker, the number of positive mononuclear cells was graded semiquantitatively, and stromal and endothelial cells were scored as either positive or negative. Overall grade of inflammation was increased in tumor compared with normal mucosa in five cases. Cells positive for LFA-1, CD2, CD4, CD8, and CD20 were increased in the tumors in the same cases. ICAM-1 was expressed in vessels, inflammatory cells, and stromal cells in normal mucosa. It was markedly increased in tumor stroma in all six cases. VCAM-1 was negative in normal mucosa, and focally expressed in tumor vessels and stroma. We conclude that increased expression of adhesion molecules occurs around colon neoplasms, particularly in stromal cells, and may be a mechanism for the recruitment of activated leukocytes as part of the inflammatory response to colon carcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Expression of adhesion molecules in the host response to colon carcinoma. 754 Jul 82

Juvenile xanthogranuloma is usually a self-limiting disease of the skin. Intracranial manifestations are extremely rare. We report the clinico-pathological features of an 8-month-old boy suffering from a gradually enlarging nodule of the chest wall and subsequent epileptic seizures. The subcutaneous tumor and a cerebral subcortical tumor of the left temporal lobe were resected. The histological appearance of both tumors corresponded to juvenile xanthogranuloma and included histiocytes, foamy cells, giant cells, inflammatory cells, and collagen-producing fibroblasts showing a storiform pattern. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated positivity of the tumor cells for lysozyme, CD68 and myeloid-histiocytic antigen, but not S-100 protein, supporting mono-histiocytic differentiation. This case indicates that juvenile xanthogranuloma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracranial "xanthomatous" and histiocytic lesions.
 ...
PMID:Juvenile xanthogranuloma with cutaneous and cerebral manifestations in a young infant. 757 85

A case is presented of a female infant with an atypical histiocytoma. A gradually enlarging brown lesion was noted on the left side of the chest at the age of 2 weeks. Microscopic study of a biopsy revealed an ill-defined infiltration of spindle cells with indented nuclei. The tumor cells were positive for CD14, HLA-DR, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and negative for CD1, CD3, CD8, CD10, CD19, CD68 and S-100 by immunohistochemistry. Electron microscopy demonstrated no distinct Birbeck's granules, but aberrant granules were seen in a small number of cells. At 7 months of age, a nodule with similar histologic features was noted in the nuchal region, but was incompletely resected. The patient remains recurrence-free at 36 months of age. This case is thought to be a benign form of non-X histiocytoma.
 ...
PMID:Non-X histiocytoma, similar to fibrous histiocytoma, in an infant. 758 38

We describe a malignant mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas with ovarian-like stroma within which an osteoclast-like giant cell rich tumor arose. This rare tumor had a unique immunohistochemical profile with the giant cells staining for vimentin, leukocyte common antigen, and the monocyte/macrophage marker CD68, whereas the mucinous epithelium stained for epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin. The immunohistochemical findings are consistent with two lines of differentiation, one epithelial and the other suggesting mesenchymal differentiation of the giant cell tumor with an immunophenotype similar to giant cell tumor of bone. The coexistence of these two rare tumors suggests that they are histogenetically related. The findings of a giant cell tumor arising in the ovarian stroma indicates that the stroma of mucinous tumors is not always an innocuous component of the tumor.
 ...
PMID:Giant cell tumor of the pancreas arising in the ovarian-like stroma of a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. 759 74

A 71-year-old Japanese woman had two dome-shaped tumors on her right buttock with several surrounding papules. Histological examination revealed that large anaplastic cells and atypical lymphoid cells densely infiltrated the entire dermis. On immunohistochemical examination, Ki-1, HLA-DR, CD25 (IL-2 receptor alpha), CD122 (IL-2 receptor beta), CD4, CD11c and CD68 were all positive in the tumor cells, whereas CD1a, CD3, CD5, CD8 and CD19 were negative. Neither rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta, T-cell receptor gamma nor the immunoglobulin heavy-chain was seen. Ultrastructurally, most of the tumor cells contained thick bundles of intermediate filaments in the perinuclear cytoplasm. Thus, this patient was diagnosed as having Ki-1-positive lymphoma of non-T, non-B origin. No recurrence or metastasis of the tumor has been observed in the last 2 years, although surgical resection was required 3 times before control was achieved.
 ...
PMID:Primary cutaneous CD30(Ki-1)-positive lymphoma of non-T, non-B origin. 759 89

An elderly woman underwent jejunectomy for a large, stenosing neoplasm. Histologically, we found an undifferentiated carcinoma with scattered mononuclear and multinuclear macrophages in the intestine and lymph node metastases. The multinuclear cells, being acid phosphatase-positive and CD68-immunoreactive, are referred to as osteoclast-like giant cells. Hepatic secondaries were discovered 6 months postoperatively. The patient succumbed to a chemotherapy-related septic event. We suggest that intratumoral infiltration by mononuclear and multinuclear macrophages expresses one of the body's defense mechanisms against cancer.
 ...
PMID:Small intestinal carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells. 761 Dec 27

To determine whether IL-1 alpha and/or IL-1 beta protein is expressed by human melanoma tumor in vivo, we first analyzed nine human melanoma cell lines and optimized the in situ detection of these proteins. Three of the melanoma cell lines stained positively for both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta using immunohistochemistry (IHC). THe specificity of IHC was confirmed by the ability of purified recombinant IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta protein to abolish the staining after being adsorbed by their respective antibodies before use in IHC. The three positively staining cell lines were also the only lines to demonstrate IL-1 production by western blot analysis as well as IL-1 secretion by ELISA. Next we examined 29 surgically obtained melanoma tumor specimens (6 primary and 23 metastases) that had been formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. Using the same anti-IL-1 antibodies, 5 of 23 metastatic tumors stained positively. None of the 6 primary lesions stained for either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta. Comparison of staining pattern performed on serially sectioned tissue using preimmune serum and antibodies against S-100 protein, melanoma-associated antigen (HMB-45), and CD68 (kappa P1), which recognizes monocyte-macrophage cell lineage, demonstrates for the first time that IL-1 protein is produced by human melanoma tumor cells in vivo. These findings provide the basis for examination of what may be a previously unrecognized biologically distinct subset of patients.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin-1 production in tumor cells of human melanoma surgical specimens. 762 8

Chondroid lipoma was recently described as a unique, benign, pseudosarcomatous lipomatous tumor with chondroid features, often simulating liposarcoma and myxoid chondrosarcoma. An extended histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of 13 cases, including the proliferation markers, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67, as well as ultrastructural studies of eight cases were performed with the intent of further elucidating its differentiation. Staining with toluidine blue and alcian blue at controlled pHs indicated the presence of chondroitin sulfates within the myxohyaline matrix. Immunohistochemically, all tumors were positive for vimentin and S100 protein. Focal immunoreactivity for cytokeratins was seen in 3 of 13 cases; one of these also had intracytoplasmic tonofilament bundles ultrastructurally. Scattered tumor cells stained for CD68 antigen with KP1 in 6 of 13 cases. None of the tumors stained for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) or alpha-smooth muscle actin. Collagen IV immunostains showed a network of fibrils encircling individual tumor cells in 10 of 13 cases. Intracytoplasmic staining for laminin was found in 9 of 13 cases. Ultrastructurally there was a spectrum of differentiation, ranging from primitive cells sharing features of prelipoblasts and chondroblasts, to lipoblasts and preadipocytes, to mature adipocytes. A striking ultrastructural feature in 5 of 8 cases was the presence of knob-like protrusions of the cell membrane, which contained granular, amorphous, and fibrillar material that appeared to be extruded into the adjacent matrix. The myxohyaline matrix had ultrastructural features of cartilage. Numerous mitochondria and lysosomes were absent, indicating that chondroid lipoma is neither a hibernomatous lesion nor a lipogranuloma. Ki67 immunoreactivity was typically very low and detected only in the more primitive cell population. The findings in this analysis indicate that chondroid lipoma is a pseudosarcomatous lipogenic neoplasm with a unique cell population possessing predominantly features of embryonal fat and, to a lesser extent, embryonal cartilage.
 ...
PMID:Chondroid lipoma: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis with further observations regarding its differentiation. 944 42


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>