Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Friend leukemia cells growing in suspension culture are thought to represent a population of primitive erythroid cells which have undergone malignant transformation. We have found that when growing in vivo or in plasma clots in vitro, these suspension culture cells can exhibit morphologic and enzymatic properties which are characteristic of primitive granulocytic cells. The microenvironment in which the tumor cells grow plays a major role in determining the direction of differentiation of these leukemia cells. Hence it appears likely that the Friend cell is in fact a neoplastic pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell.
Cell Differ 1975 Dec
PMID:Granulocyte differentiation by Friend leukemia cells. 5 19

Immunoregulatory alpha-globulin (IRA) derived from normal human plasma decreased cytotoxic reactivity as measured by an in vitro 5-iodo-2'-deoxyridine release assay of immune mouse lymphocytes against the syngeneic Friend virus-induced leukemia, FBL-3. This inhibitory effect depended on the dose of IRA used and was not due to the cytotoxic effects of IRA on the effector cells or target tumor cells. We also found elevated levels of serum alpha-gloubins in FBL-3 tumor-bearing mice as compared to normal mice. These data and the demonstration of decreased specific cytotoxic reactivity in FBL-3 tumor-bearing mice suggest that IRA functions in the suppression of the host's immune response against tumors.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Dec
PMID:In vitro inhibition of cell-mediated cytotoxicity against syngeneic Friend virus-induced leukemia by immunoregulatory alpha globulin. 5 38

6 autopsy cases of primary leptomeningeal sarcomatosis are presented as a distinct nosological entity with a variable clinical picture and morphology in 5 males and 1 female. The clinical course from onset of symptoms till death ran for only a few weeks in most cases. 2 infants showed brain tumor symptoms and signs. 2 patients of advanced age presented a polyradiculoneuritic syndrome and 2 young adults had spinal cord compression symptoms and a mixed clinical form. In almost all cases, clinical symptoms and signs were for most of the course confined to one part of the neuraxis. The CSF was distinctly abnormal in all cases, showing elevated protein, depressed glucose and pleocytosis of variable extent. CSF sediment was investigated in 3 cases in all of which malignant tumor cells were found so a diagnosis of malignant meningeal tumor was made during life. Electron microscopy of CSF cells in 1 case confirmed the primitive character of the tumor cells. Complete autopsies revealed absence of any neoplasm outside of the CNS. Gross meningeal involvement was visible in all cases. Histologically, 3 tumor types were distinguished: polymorphic cell sarcoma, an undifferentiated form, and fibrosarcomatosis. Clinical data are analyzed in order to distinguish the condition from other neoplasms or infectious, especially tuberculous meningeal infiltrations. CSF cytology studies are considered the most useful step in clinical diagnosis. Neuropathological features are reviewed with stress on differentiation from malignant lymphomas of the CNS, diffusely spreading medulloblastoma, meningeal melanoblastosis and gliomatosis. The origin of meningeal sarcomatosis cells is briefly discussed. The use of the term "meningeal meningiomatosis" for this condition is deprecated.
J Neurol 1975 Dec 02
PMID:Primary leptomeningeal sarcomatosis. Clinicopathological report of six cases. 5 34

Every physician at some time must manage pain associated with advanced cancer. In spite of the hopeless prognosis, the problem of pain deserves an intelligent appraisal and a systematic plan for relief to conserve the patients's physical, mental, and moral resources and social usefulness as long as possible. Selection of a method of tumor therapy from an array of laternatives demands study of the individual patient and careful consideration of the appropriate measures-the possibilities for success and the limitations, benefits, and risks.
Semin Oncol 1975 Dec
PMID:The medical approach to management of pain caused by cancer. 6 3

PARA-7 membrane-associated antigen was prepared by treatment of the tumor cells with pH 9.4 glycine buffer, or by concentration of spent cell culture medium. When admixed with sensitized effector cells, both preparations could specifically block cellular cytotoxicity for PARA-7 target cells. Pretreatment of target cells with antigen did not result in blocking. Incubation of antigen extract with simian virus 40 (SV40) anti-serum caused neutralization of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) with concomitant formation of a factor which blocked at the target cell level but not at the effector cell level. Serum from tumor-bearing hamsters exhibited blocking characteristics comparable to those of the antigen-SV40 teristics comparable to those of the antigen-SV40 antiserum preparation. Washing experiments indicated that PARA-7 antigen was more efficient than PARA-7 antigen-antibody complexes in blocking cell-mediated immunity in vitro. Material extracted from untransformed hamster embryo fibroblasts either by itself or when admixed with SV40 antiserum exhibited no significant blocking activity. These observations support the concept that loss of serum ADCC during progressive tumor growth is due to immune complex formation.
Int J Cancer 1976 Dec 15
PMID:Membrane-associated antigen from the SV40-induced hamster fibrosarcoma, para-7. I. Role in immune complex formation and effector cell blockade. 6 26

A method is reported for the preparation of glutaraldehyde cross-linked horseradish peroxidase conjugates for the visualization of concanavalin A binding to frozen sections. The binding of concanavalin A to tissue sections of human colonic tumor is used to compare staining by horseradish peroxidase conjugates and monomers. Without decreasing specificity, the use of progressively larger molecular weight conjugates provides progressively greater intensity of staining of the epithelial components of colonic carcinomas and normal colons.
Lab Invest 1976 Dec
PMID:The use of glutaraldehyde-conjugated horseradish peroxidase-bovine serum albumin in the visualization of concanavalin A binding to tissue sections of human colonic tumor. 6 92

Utilizing the stathmokinetic principle of timed vincristine and bleomycin, we combined these two agents with Mitomycin-C. The dose schedule included vincristine 0.5 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) geginning on day 1 and repeated twice weekly for 12 weeks; each injection was followed in 6-12 hours by bleomycin 6 mg/m2 for 12 weeks. Mitomycin-C was administered as a 20 mg/m2 bolus beginning on day 2 and repeated at 6-week intervals. Thirty patients were entered into this study, 27 were fully available for response. Thirteen patients (48%) met criteria of response (greater than 50% reduction in volume of measurable tumor). Significant myelosuppression resulted from this therapy. Median leukopenia nadir was 3.8 X 10(3) cells/mm3 and median thrombocytopenia nadir was 116 X 10(3) cells/mm3. Additional toxic reactions included anemia, lassitude, anorexia, peripheral neuropath fever, and skin rash. Despite significant, but manageable, toxicity, this combination appears to represent an improvement in the chemotherapy of a traditionaly refractory solid tumor.
Cancer 1976 Dec
PMID:Phase II study of mitomycin-C, vincristine, and bleomycin in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 6 14

Five tumor markers were measured simultaneously in serum by radioimmunoassay: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (HGC), the beta subunit of HCG, and Kappa casein. In a population of 935 normal subjects these antigens were undetectable or found within precise limits. In patients with tumors of various origins the rate of pathologically elevated levels was 72% at the beginning of the clinical course (194 cases). This high rate was primarily due to the simultaneous measurement of CEA, betaHCG, HCG, and casein. AFP was of little importance. The simultaneous measurement of these tumor markers may be one biochemical element of diagnosis of carcinoma, although this criterion is neither absolute nor specific, as 14.7% of patients with non-neoplastic disorders (234 cases) were positive for one antigen. In the presence of metastases (112 cases) the rate of pathologic levels of at least one antigen was increased: 86% due to CEA and casein assay at the same time as their absolute levels were increased. Surgical removal reduces the rate of positivity of these antigens to 37%. As was shown in patients with breast cancer, the rate was 10% when the tumor had been removed at Stage N- and 54% when it was removed at Stage N+. Thus, the persistence of pathologic levels could be correlated with the capacity for recurrence or metastases. Finally chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both, do not decrease the rate of positivity of the tumor markers.
Cancer 1976 Dec
PMID:Simultaneous assays of cancer-associated antigens in various neoplastic disorders. 6 15

Twelve carcinoid tumors of the uterine cervix were studied. Based on the microscopic structure, they were divided into well-differentiated and poorly differentiated types. Both tumor varieties affected adult women. The clinical and gross features of these tumors were indistinguishable from those of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Of the 12 patients, six died, four with poorly differentiated carcinoid and two with the well-differentiated type. Three patients are alive and symptom-free 9 months to 2 years after treatment; the remaining three were lost to follow-up. Microscopically, four well-differentiated carcinoids showed argyrophil cells, and ultrastructurally two had neurosecretory granules. One of the well-differentiated carcinoids resembled islet cell carcinoma and two had areas resembling medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. The poorly differentiated type of carcinoid had a histologic structure and a cell population very similar to that of the oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Of this group, four were argyrophilic, and by electron microscopy four contained pleomorphic secretory granules. It is considered that these tumors arise from the normal argyrophil cell of the cervix and are part of the group of neoplasms of the diffuse endocrine cell system (APUD).
Cancer 1976 Dec
PMID:Carcinoid of the uterine cervix: additional observations on a new tumor entity. 6 16

Adenoid cystic carcinoma cells cultivated in monolayer and sponge matrix culture, or implanted on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryonated eggs, were observed morphologically, and the glycosaminoglycan components in the tumor tissue were analyzed. This tumor tissue contained a large amount of glycosaminoglycans, composed of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate, heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and a small amount of dermatan sulfate. In monolayer culture spindle cells proliferated vigorously as multilayer, and secreated mucinous material. In sponge matrix culture, the proliferating cells became embedded in the material produced by the cells themselves. A trace of fine fibers stained with orceine was observed in the intercellular material in culture. Histologic sections of the implants grown on CAM showed that the tumor cells arranged in various structures produced a large amount of mucinous material that spread into the stromal area without any contribution from the mesenchymal element. The morphologic and biologic characteristics of these tumor cells are quite similar to those of pleomorphic adenoma.
Cancer 1976 Dec
PMID:Morphologic and biologic characteristics of adenoid cystic carcinoma cells of the salivary gland. 6 17


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