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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The glycosaminoglycans of four normal human bladders and fourteen bladder cancers were characterized and quantitated (after proteolytic extraction) by specific enzyme digestion, cellulose acetate electrophoresis and densitometry. Hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate were identified in both normal and cancerous bladders. Hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate were the major glycosaminoglycans of the normal epithelium/submucosa while heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate were predominant in normal bladder muscle. Bladder cancer glycosaminoglycan content was influenced by the stage and grade of the neoplasm. Hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate tended to decrease and chondroitin sulfate to increase in infiltrating cancers, whereas a decrease in the percentage of heparan sulfate correlated closely with higher grade tumors. The bladder cancer glycosaminoglycan profile may be indicative of the tumor's invasive potential.
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PMID:The glycosaminoglycans of human bladder cancers of varying grade and stage. 393 80

The quantitative analysis on glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the tumor tissues of five patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma and in the pleural fluid of two patients was performed with the use of biochemical methods. In the tumor tissues, it was found that the average of the total amount of GAG was more than 7.9 times as high as that in adenocarcinoma of the lung, and that hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate were main constituents of mesothelioma GAG. However, there was no significant difference in the content of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate between this neoplasm and adenocarcinoma. In the pleural fluid, the amount of hyaluronic acid was about 40 to 230 times higher than that in adenocarcinoma of the lung with the increment of chondroitin sulfate (11-87 times). These findings suggest that a marked increase in the total amount of GAG and the elevation of either the hyaluronic acid or the chondroitin sulfate level, or both, are characteristic abnormalities in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
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PMID:Glycosaminoglycan in malignant pleural mesothelioma. 394 Jun 10

Spindle cell lipoma is a specific variant of lipoma that displays several characteristic clinicopathologic features proposed by Enzinger and Harvey. A tumor located in the nucheal subcutis of a 45-year-old man showed a mixture of fat cells and spindle cells with marked myxoid change of the matrix. Its fine structure revealed prominent microfilaments in the spindle cells. Immunohistochemical study suggested that these filaments were probably vimentin. Accumulated filaments and myxoid matrix containing hyaluronic acid may be degenerative rather than synthetic. The cell origin of the tumor may be a mixture of two cell types differentiating toward fat cells and fibroblastic cells.
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PMID:[A case report of spindle cell lipoma with a marked myxoid change]. 398 91

Nine cases of aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) of the pelvic soft parts were studied by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The tumors were confined to the vulva, vagina, pelvic floor, and perineum in the seven women. The perineum and the para-anal region were involved in the two men. The patients ranged in age from 18 to 63 years. Aggressive angiomyxoma presented as a slowly growing, polypoid or cyst-like tumor. Six of the nine cases were followed up; all of the tumors recurred within nine to 84 months, and one recurred for the second time at 144 months. Recurrences were attributed to incomplete tumor excision. None of the six patients died or had metastases. The aggressive angiomyxomas had infiltrative borders and rubbery, white or soft, gelatinous cut surfaces. Histologically, the lesions were composed of stellate and spindle-shaped neoplastic cells embedded in a collagenous and hyaluronic acid-containing stroma. Nuclear atypia and mitoses were absent. Typically, the lesions had an important vascular component, often displaying medial hypertrophy and vascular grouping. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells resembled fibroblasts rather than myofibroblasts. They showed strong immunoreactivity for actin but were negative for S-100 protein, Factor VIII, carcinoembryonic antigen, and keratin. The morphoimmunocytochemical characteristics of AAM cells favor a fibroblastic origin and differentiation. Aggressive angiomyxoma should be distinguished from the more common benign and malignant myxoid neoplasms or tumor-like conditions of the pelvic soft parts. Recurrence of AAM may be avoided by wide, local excision.
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PMID:Aggressive angiomyxoma of pelvic soft parts: a clinicopathologic study of nine cases. 399 39

The human tumor cell lines, MM-96, FME, HCT-8, HT-29, MCF-7 and T-47D, in culture produced a factor or factors able to stimulate glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis in human skin fibroblasts (HF). Conditioned growth media from the melanoma MM-96 and the colon carcinoma HT-29 produced a 10- and 8-fold stimulation of HF GAG synthesis, respectively, with an even larger stimulation of hyaluronic acid. Conditioned media from the melanoma FME and the breast carcinomas MCF-7 and T-47D stimulated GAG synthesis 2-fold, whereas media from the colon carcinoma HCT-8 gave a variable response often with no effect on GAG levels. Conditioned media from HF cultures had no effect on tumor cell GAG synthesis. Coculture of tumor cells and HF also resulted in increased GAG synthesis, and the degree of stimulation was similar to that with the conditioned media. Tumor cell-conditioned media were also effective in stimulating GAG synthesis by porcine smooth muscle cells and by chick embryo fibroblasts in culture, although the increase in GAG synthesis was much less than with HF cultures. These findings support the concept that the stromal desmoplasia characteristic of many growing and invasive tumors in vivo arises by tumor cell modulation of GAG synthesis by surrounding normal connective tissue cells.
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PMID:Human tumor cells in culture stimulate glycosaminoglycan synthesis by human skin fibroblasts. 401 Feb 30

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis of B-16 melanoma metastatic variants was examined in vivo and in vitro to begin to assess the relationship between the presence of these polymers and the process of primary invasion and metastasis. The variants that were examined for GAG production included the F-1 line that exhibits low metastatic potential, the F-10 line selected for high metastatic potential, and the BL6 line selected for high invasiveness. The F-1 cell line was routinely less invasive than the F-10 and BL6 lines when injected s.c. into the legs of irradiated Swiss Webster mice. All cell lines formed palpable tumors after s.c. injection, but histological sections revealed early and extensive invasion in only F-10 and BL6 tumors. The F-1 tumors were surrounded by a connective tissue capsule and did not begin to invade into host tissue until this structure disappeared approximately 16 days after injection of tumor cells. Some consistent alterations in GAG synthesis, particularly the release of hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate, were observed among the cell lines in vivo and in vitro, although differences observed in vitro were small and variable. In vivo all tumors were surrounded by a hyaluronic acid-rich zone that was concentrated at the tumor-stromal interface and was transitory. Hyaluronate occurred as a diffuse band around BL6 and F-10 tumors but was confined to a capsule surrounding the less aggressive F-1 tumor. In vitro the BL6 and F-10 cell lines released larger amounts of heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid than did the F-1 cell line. Differences in release of chondroitin sulfate by the cell lines were not observed. Differences in trypsin-releasable GAG, presumably associated with the glycocalyx, were also not apparent. These results link the release in vitro and organization in vivo of hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate to invasion and metastasis.
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PMID:Glycosaminoglycan production by murine melanoma variants in vivo and in vitro. 402 88

The malignant mesothelioma was proved by autopsy as cause for death in 55 cases--42 men and 13 women. 4 men had the tumor without pleural effusion. Transthoracic fine needle biopsy confirmed the suspicion 3 times. The fluids caused by the tumor were exudates 50 times. One fluid was a transudate. Cytological examinations led to the partition into four sections with the following main findings: histiocytes, mesothelial cells also in clusters, tumor cells--21 cases; tumor cells without perceptibility of the matrix--18 cases; cytological empty sediments--8 cases; finding of inflammation--4 cases. The determination of the level of hyaluronic acid in pleural fluids by a colorimetric test proved a malignant mesothelioma in one third of these cases. The synopsis of the named parameters together with clinical dates in general use gives the possibility to put up the diagnosis of the primarily malignant disease of the pleura during lifetime of a patient.
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PMID:Biochemical and cytological features of diffuse mesotheliomas of the pleura. 403 97

A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of dyspnea and right pleural effusion. Malignant pleural mesothelioma was diagnosed, based on the high level of hyaluronic acid in the pleural fluid and manifestation of malignant cells by pleural needle biopsy. Anticancer chemotherapy with cisplatin and intrapleural injections of adriamycin against this mesothelioma was carried out because of the presence of stage III by Butchart's classification. Regression of the tumor, decrease of pleural fluid and decrease of LDH level in effusions were observed after this chemotherapy. Cisplatin was easily transported into the pleural fluid, and its concentration was maintained for a satisfactorily long period.
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PMID:[A case of remission in diffuse pleural mesothelioma induced by anticancer chemotherapy with cisplatin and adriamycin]. 404 Nov 64

Previous studies have shown that the invasion of V2 carcinoma cells in the rabbit mesentery is associated with marked extracellular matrix synthesis leading eventually to an overall increase in mesenteric mass. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the structural and biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix in tumor-free parts of rabbit mesenteries at various stages after intraperitoneal implantation of V2 carcinoma cells. The overall thickness of the tumor-implanted mesenteries increased progressively and peaked at about Day 14, when it was about 8 times greater than the untreated or liver-implanted controls. This was mainly the result of an accumulation of extracellular matrix components. In particular, there was a marked increase in both collagen fibers and proteoglycan granules, as well as filaments, probably hyaluronic acid, as visualized by ruthenium hexammine trichloride. Stereological analysis showed a 6-fold increase in collagen fibers and a significant increase in the density and average diameter of proteoglycan granules. Biochemical analysis revealed a marked elevation in uronic acid content in the tumor-implanted mesenteries. Specifically, they contained 2.6 and 8.6 times the amount of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate, respectively, than did controls. Furthermore, the relative percentage of chondroitin sulfate was elevated markedly (26 versus 6% in controls). However, the content of heparan or dermatan sulfate did not vary significantly. Stereological analysis of the fibroblasts showed that their absolute number had doubled and that the cell volume of the individual fibroblast had increased markedly. This suggests that the fibroblasts were responsible for the excessive production of the extracellular matrix. These results support the concept that carcinoma cells can modulate their surrounding extracellular environment by stimulating the synthesis of connective tissue in the host mesenchymal cells.
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PMID:Neoplastic modulation of extracellular matrix: proteoglycan changes in the rabbit mesentery induced by V2 carcinoma cells. 405 40

Twenty cases (13 from Jichi Medical School Hospital and 7 from other hospitals) of uterine adenomatoid tumor (ADT) were examined histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, to determine the histogenesis. For the control study, cases of malignant mesothelioma, reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, ADT of male genital organs and appendix testis were also examined. The results were summarized as follows: The age of the patients at hysterectomy ranged from 37 to 62 years with a mean of 44.6 years. Thirteen uteri containing ADT were found among 1250 hysterectomized specimens (the frequency, 1.04%) over the past 10 years at Jichi Medical School Hospital. The tumors were incidentally detected within the uteri which were removed for other genital conditions except for two cases with clinical symptom from ADT. Eighteen cases of ADT were small, non-encapsulated nodular lesions resembling adenomyosis uteri, and 12 cases were situated at the left cornual region of the uterine subserosa. The tumor cells showed a vivid production of hyaluronic acid and a positive staining reaction for intracytoplasmic keratin, but negative for factor VIII-related antigen in all cases. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were characterized by numerous, well-developed microvilli, abundant tonofilaments and tonofibrils frequently associated with desmosomes. The present findings were identical to those for malignant mesothelioma, reactive mesothelial hyperplasia and ADT of male genital organs, but not identical to those for appendix testis. In the light of the location, histopathological features and proliferative behavior of uterine ADT, it was considered to be a choristoma rather than a true neoplasm, namely, a malformational non-neoplastic lesion composed of heterotopic mesothelial cells.
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PMID:[Histopathologic study of uterine adenomatoid tumor with special reference to histogenesis]. 405 32


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