Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous and experimental vestibular activity in 84 patients after total resection of neurinomas of the acoustic nerve is analysed. In the immediate postoperative period the frequency of marked manifestations of spontaneous vestibular activity reduced sharply, but spontaneous nystagmus persisted in 97.5% of patients. In some patients spontaneous nystagmus to the side from which the tumor had been removed become more conspicuous. In the remote postoperative period spontaneous nystagmus was unilateral in 45.5% of patients, bilateral in 40.3%, and not recorded at all in 14.2% of patients. In the early postoperative period vestibular hyperreflexia was recorded in 93.7% of cases, in the remote period it was found in 76.6% of cases. Data obtained by comparing the results of caloric tests with cold and hot water in these patients are also analysed.
 ...
PMID:[Spontaneous and experimental vestibular activity following total removal of neurinomas of the auditory nerve]. 30 20

Effects of 12 chemical cancerogenic agents have been studied in 910 anuran amphibia of the grass frog Rana temporaria. Tumors developed by administration of 8 of the agents studied. Dimethyl, diethyl and dibutylnitrosamines dissolved in water induced tumors in 44.2, 43.6 and 50% of animals, respectively; benzidine and 2-acetylaminofluorene administered subcutaneously and per os--in 46.6 and 41.2%, respectively, whereas p-dimethylaminoazobenzene and orthoaminoazotoluene (per os and subcutaneously)-in 30--33.3% of cases. Diethylstilbestrol-propionate induced tumors in 21% of cases. All the tumors developed within relatively short periods of time (15.6--31.9 weeks) and were located in the liver (hepatocellular cancer, hepatoadenomas) and the haemopoetic system (hemocytoblastosis). In control group of animals 3 amphibia developed multiple tumors of skin-cystadenopapillomas. The results obtained testify to the common mechanism of cancerogenesis in classes of vertebrates. In addition, the findings presented indicate to the suitability of amphibia as a new experimental object in oncology as well as to the applicability of these animals for purposes of express diagnostics of cancerogenicity. It may successfully serve as a biological indicator of environmental pollution with blastomogenic agents.
 ...
PMID:Tumor induction by carcinogenic agents in anuran amphibian Rana temporaria. 30 91

Human blood T-lymphocytes increase their potassium (K+) permeability and active K+ transport following lectin or antigen stimulation. We have studied the permeability and active transport of K+ by lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to determine if their membrane K+ transport was similar to resting or lectin-stimulated normal blood lymphocytes. K+ transport was assessed both by the rate of isotopic 42K+ uptake and by the rate of change in cell K+ concentration after inhibition of the K+ transport system with ouabain. CLL lymphocytes had a marked decrease in membrane K+ permeability and active transport of K+ when compared to blood T lymphocytes. K+ transport in five subjects with CLL (10 mmol.1 cell water-1.h-1) was half that in normal blood T-lymphocytes (20 mmol.1 cell water-1 h-1). Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) treatment of CLL lymphocytes did not increase significantly their active K+ transport, whereas K+ transport by normal T-lymphocytes increased by 100%. Since there were 73% T-lymphocytes in normal blood and 14% in CLL blood, the difference in membrane K+ turnover could be related either to neoplasia or to the proposed B-lymphocyte origin of CLL. We studied human tonsillar lymphocytes which contained a mean of 34% T-cells. In five studies of tonsils, K+ transport was 14 mmol.1 cell water-1.h-1 and treatment with PHA increased K+ transport only 30%. The intermediate values of basal K+ transport and K+ transport in response to PHA in tonsillar lymphocytes were consistent with the proportion of T-lymphocytes present. These data suggest that B-lymphocytes have reduced membrane permeability and active transport of K+. Thus the marked decrease in CLL lymphocyte membrane K+ permeability and transport may be a reflection of its presumed B-cell origin, rather than a membrane alteration related to malignant transformation.
 ...
PMID:Decreased membrane potassium permeability and transport in human chronic leukemic and tonsillar lymphocytes. 30 61

Selenium (Se) inhibition of either the activation of test compounds and/or mutagenic events elicited by activated compounds is suggested by experimental rat assays, mutagenesis assays, and assays with human lymphocytes in culture. The colon tumor incidence in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats was reduced from 87% to 40% by 4 ppm Se supplements in the drinking water. Supplemental Se decreased the total number of colon tumors induced by DMH more than three-fold and by methylazoxymethanol (MAM) almost two-fold. Coexposure of Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 to an effective molar ratio of Se/2-acetylaminofluorene=10, Se/N-OH-acetylaminofluorene=10 and SE/N-OH-aminofluorene=300 reduced the mutagenicity to 65, 68, and 61% of their respective controls with mutagen alone. With a molar ratio of Se/N-OH-AAF=100, Se reduced the activity to 28% of the mutagenicity of N-OH-AAF alone. Preliminary data indicating MAM is mutagenic in S. typhimurium TA 1535 and His G 46(6837) are presented. In toxicity studies exposure of human lymphocyte cultures to 1.3 X 10(-9) to 1.6 X 10(-5) M Se yielded sister chromatid exchange (SCE) rates equivalent to background levels of 6--7 SCE per cell. The SCE frequencies of lymphocytes cultured with Se and selected carcinogens are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Inhibitory effects of selenium on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and methylazoxymethanol colon carcinogenesis: correlative studies on selenium effects on the mutagenicity and sister chromatid exchange rates of selected carcinogens. 33 88

The antitumor activity of hot-water extract of delipidated BCG was investigated in mice inoculated with Sarcoma-180 cells and Ehrlich carcinoma cells, respectively. The hot-water extract was found to be effective when administered after and ineffective when administered before the inoculation of tumor cells. When this extract was given with anticancer drugs, such as Mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide, a combined effect was obtained in the treatment of Sarcoma-180 and of Ehrlich carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor activity of hot-water extract from delipidated BCG. 35 96

Methanesulfonamide, N-[4-(9-acridinylamino)-30methoxyphenyl]-(NSC-249992), an acridine derivative with significant antitumor activity in animal tumor systems, was administered to 29 patients in a phase I clinical trial. The dose ranged from 10 to 160 mg/m2 with a single dose given every 28 days. The toxic effects included moderate to severe leukopenia and mild thrombocytopenia. Myelosuppression was more severe in patients with prior whole abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy. Superficial phlebitis occurred when the drug was diluted in a volume of less than 500 ml of 5% dextrose in water. Antitumor activity was detected in one patient with ovarian carcinoma. Phase II studies are indicated with this compound since it has reproducible and reversible toxicity with some evidence of antitumor activity. The starting dose of the drug for phase II trials should be 120 mg/m2 as a single iv dose repeated at 4-week intervals.
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of methanesulfonamide, N-[4-(9-acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl]-(m-AMSA) using a single-dose schedule. 36 Dec 22

Small unilamellar lipid vesicles bearing the DNP-hapten on their surfaces and containing the water-soluble fluorescent dye carboxyfluorescein were formed by sonication. These vesicles were incubated with cells from the murine myeloma tumor MOPC 315, which secrete and also bear on the cell surface an immunoglobulin with affinity for the nitrophenyl hapten. At 0 degrees C the cells bound an average of several thousand vesicles at saturation. This binding was specific for the nitrophenyl hapten on the vesicle since it was abolished by an excess of soluble nitrophenyl derivative, by omission of the hapten from the vesicle, or by substitution for MOPC 315 of a tumor lacking receptors for the nitrophenyl hapten. Specific binding of vesicles was greater when cells were incubated at 37 degrees C. The study suggests that ligand-bearing vesicles can be a useful marker for cell surface immunoglobulin. However, in spite of the ability to "target" vesicles to cell surface determinants, binding did not result in increased delivery of vesicle contents to the cytoplasm.
 ...
PMID:Binding of antigen-bearing fluorescent liposomes to the murine myeloma tumor MOPC 315. 36 42

Tests of prolactin regulation in the galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome were compared in 18 patients with normal pituitary fossae, seven patients with prolactin-secreting adenomas, and eight normal women. Mean basal prolactin was highest in patients with adenomas and was elevated in those with normal fossae when compared with normal subjects (278 versus 73 versus 10.2 ng/ml). Levodopa, water loading, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone testing were of no predictive value in the diagnosis of adenoma. Some patients with adenomas show a greater prolactin response after administration of thyrotrophin hormone-releasing hormone (TRH) than of chlorpromazine, whereas these responses are usually similar in patients with normal fossae. A mean basal prolactin level above 150 ng/ml or an increase of more than 100 ng/ml after TRH administration in a patient with hyperprolactinemia unresponsive to chlorpromazine stimulation strongly suggests a prolactin-secreting tumor. However, because some patients with tumor have prolactin levels below 150 ng/ml, or do not respond to TRH stimulation, or both, functional studies alone cannot permit the diagnosis of all adenomas before the appearance of radiographic changes.
 ...
PMID:Galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome: diagnosis and therapy. 40 24

In an attempto to optimize and standardize the in vitro culture conditions of mouse bone marrow cells for assaying growth regulating factors, we studied the effects of incubation at low temperatures and of a nutrient medium containing deuteriumoxide instead of water. It was found that (1) the proliferative capacity of the cells is significantly increased by pre-incubation for 1-2 h at 0 degrees C rather than at 37 degrees C, measured by both a colony-forming and a 3H-thymidine (3H-tdr) uptake assay. A similar temperature effect on the colony-forming and 3H-tdr uptake ability is apparent after pre-incubation in D2O-medium, yet significantly lower than in H2O-medium. It was concluded that the previously observed protective effects of D2O on ascites tumor cell proliferation and viability and for hemolysis of human erythrocytes is not apparent in proliferating and colony-forming mouse bone marrow cells in vitro.
 ...
PMID:Temperature-dependence of the proliferation of mouse bone marrow cells cultured in H2O- and D2O-media. 41 30

A new technique is described for delineating pelvic structures by using a distended bladder in combination with a water enema. The distended urinary bladder, which acts as a sonic window to the pelvis, fully defines only the portion of structures that abut against the surface. With fluid in both the bladder and rectosigmoid colon, and occasionally the cecum, a 'sandwich effect' can be obtained, resulting in a more complete definition of interposed structures. Questionable masses that might be feces in the bowel can be easily distinguished from significant pathology. This new technique has the potential for increasing accuracy of diagnosis of pelvic masses and delineating tumor extension of masses arising in such pelvic organs as the bladder, prostate, and uterus.
 ...
PMID:Water enema: a new ultrasound technique in defining pelvic anatomy. 41 43


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>