Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The thermal Fischer indolization of hydrazones resulting from 4-hydrazino-5-methyl-1H-pyridin-2-one and various beta- and alpha-tetralones led to 4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-2H,5H-pyrido[4,3- b]benzo[e]indol-1-ones and 4-methyl-11-dihydro-2H,5H-pyrido[4,3- b]benzo[g]indol-1-ones, respectively. After aromatization, these compounds were transformed by phosphorus oxychloride, giving 1-chloro-4-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3- b]benzo[e]- and -benzo[g]indoles which were substituted by [(dialkylamino)alkyl]amines. The resulting 1-[[(dialkylamino)alkyl]amino]-4-methyl-5H-pyrido- [4,3-b]benzo[e]- and -benzo[g]indoles, as well as hydroxy derivatives obtained by demethylation of methoxylated compounds with hydrobromic acid, were tested for antitumor activity in vitro (leukemic and solid tumor cells) and in vivo on various experimental tumor models using the standard NCI protocols. 1-[[3-(Dialkylamino)propyl]-amino]-4-methyl-9-hydroxy-5H-pyrido[4,3- b]benzo[e]indoles appeared as a promising new class of antineoplastic agents.
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PMID:Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1-[[(dialkylamino)alkyl]amino]-4-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]benzo[e]- and -benzo[g])indoles. A new class of antineoplastic agents. 232 75

We analyzed the follow-up data in 38 consecutive patients with selected choroidal melanomas that were treated by photocoagulation between 1971 and 1980. Indications for treatment included photographic documentation of tumor growth or an unequivocally positive radioactive phosphorus uptake test, or both. Xenon arc photocoagulation was used in 22 patients (58%) and argon laser was used in 16 patients (42%). At the time of data analysis, the length of follow-up was at least 58 months in all patients. Although all treated tumors were initially eradicated according to ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic criteria, there was subsequent regrowth in three of the 22 patients (14%) treated with xenon photocoagulation and in ten of the 16 patients (64%) treated with argon laser. The recurrences were observed on an average of 71 months after completion of treatment in the xenon-treated group and on an average of 30 months in the argon-treated group. More treatment sessions were required in the argon laser group to achieve tumor control. Complications of vitreous hemorrhage, cystoid macular edema, and retinal detachment were greater in the xenon photocoagulation group.
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PMID:Comparison of xenon arc and argon laser photocoagulation in the treatment of choroidal melanomas. 234 93

Volume localization of magnetic resonance signals was achieved by using the regional susceptibility differences produced by superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. In vitro experiments demonstrated a direct linear relationship between the concentration of particulate iron and phosphorus-31 chemical shift or line broadening. In vivo experiments indicated that an intravenous dose of 5-10 mg of iron per kilogram of body weight suppressed P-31 signal from normal liver in healthy rats. In rats with hepatic implants of mammary adenocarcinoma, superparamagnetic iron oxide particles suppressed detectable P-31 or hydrogen-1 signal arising from healthy liver tissue, but not that from tumor. Signal due to surface tissues, which affect surface-coil spectra, could be selectively suppressed with a film-based application of particles to the abdominal wall. Thus, P-31 spectra from simulated or actual lesions could be selectively detected after chemically suppressing signals from neighboring or surrounding tissue.
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PMID:Localization of P-31 MR signal with use of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. 236 62

Phosphorus metabolite levels were measured non-invasively using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in SCCVII/SF tumors, subcutaneously transplanted into the legs of unanesthetized C3Hf/Sed mice. Shortly after MRS measurements, tumors were irradiated with a single dose of 20 Gy, and cell survival and radiobiologic hypoxic fraction were determined with an in vitro cloning assay. Significant correlations were found between tumor size and surviving fraction, hypoxic fraction, pH, and phosphorus metabolite ratios. With increase of tumor size, surviving fraction and hypoxic fraction both increased, the ratios of inorganic phosphate and phosphomonoesters to nucleoside triphosphates (Pi/NTP and PME/NTP, respectively) and inorganic phosphate to phosphocreatine (Pi/PCr) increased and pH decreased. However, considerable heterogeneity of MRS spectral parameters, even in tumors of similar size, precluded accurate prediction of hypoxic fraction and cell survival after radiotherapy.
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PMID:Correlations between in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy measurements, tumor size, hypoxic fraction and cell survival after radiotherapy. 237 Jan 83

A very rare odontogenic epithelial tumor with the combined characteristics of an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) was found in a 27 year old female. The histopathology, immunohistochemistry of keratin, lectin-binding patterns and distribution of carbonic anhydrase were determined. The nature of the calcified bodies was also examined biophysically. The tumor consisted of cuboidal and columnar odontogenic epithelial cells in the cystic wall, and AOT and CEOT in the central cavity. Odontogenic epithelial cells forming the cyst wall in the CEOT were positive for TK- and KL1-keratins, while that detected with PKK1 antibody was absent in the tumorous epithelium. Lectin binding of tumor epithelial cells was examined with Concanavalin A (Con A), peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA-I), and ulex europeus agglutinin I (UEA-I) lectins, and the tumor epithelium indicated existence of glucose, mannose, Gal, GalNAc, and GlcNAc residues. The lectin binding patterns of the calcified material showed an increased intensity by enzymatic pretreatments. With an electron probe X-ray microanalyser (EPMA), the calcified lesions gave a high peak for calcium ion and for phosphorus ion and a low one for magnesium ion, as obtained from line and surface analysis.
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PMID:Odontogenic tumor with combined characteristics of adenomatoid odontogenic and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors. 244 95

The production of human bombesin (gastrin-releasing peptide), a peptide with mitogenic action, is a recognized feature of neuroendocrine (small cell) carcinoma of the lung. However, immunostaining of bombesin is not always possible in these tumors, probably because of poor storage mechanisms or rapid release of hormone. Molecular biological analysis of the gene encoding human bombesin has revealed the DNA sequence of human pro-bombesin. We have used in situ hybridization to study the expression of the human bombesin gene at the cellular level in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Probombesin cDNA was subcloned in pSP64 vector, linearized with Bam HI and transcribed in the presence of phosphorus 32(32P)-cytosine triphosphate (CTP) and SP6 polymerase. The cRNA probe was applied to tissue sections (from six cases of small cell carcinoma of the lung, freshly fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde), cell culture preparations (two different cell lines of small cell carcinoma), and cytologic specimens (smears of cells from three different cases of small cell carcinoma). Hybridization of probombesin mRNA was detected in tumor cells in all samples. Specificity of the signal was determined by control experiments, including the use of a probe which has a sequence identical to probombesin mRNA. Our results provide evidence for the expression of the bombesin gene in small cell carcinoma of the lung at a cellular level and show that probombesin mRNA is highly expressed in these tumors.
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PMID:Detection of human probombesin mRNA in neuroendocrine (small cell) carcinoma of the lung. In situ hybridization with cRNA probe. 253 54

Two types of crystalloids in salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas were studied by light microscopy and electron microscopy. The first type of crystalloid, the previously described tyrosine-rich crystalloid, was identified in three (1.5%) of 205 cases. The crystalloids by light microscopy assumed a radial configuration, resulting in the characteristic petal-shaped morphology. Transmission electron microscopy revealed them to be electron-dense, lobular projections without internal structure. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated a range of morphology from rounded and intact doughnutlike structures to aggregates of irregular, loosely cohesive plates. The crystalloids were backscatter positive by backscattered electron imaging, and by x-ray microanalysis exhibited prominent calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium peaks that were not present in the adjacent tumor tissue; these three elements may be important in the formation and structure of tyrosine-rich crystalloids. The second type of crystalloid was intraductal and birefringent and was identified in 26 (12.7%) of 205 cases. In 21 of these 26 cases the crystalloids were lost on 10% formaldehyde fixation and paraffin embedding. Histochemical stains and x-ray microanalysis did not reveal a definite chemical composition, but did suggest a predominantly organic nature.
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PMID:Crystalloids in salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas. 253 94

Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a clinicopathological entity in which vitamin D-resistant osteomalacia or rickets occurs in association with a tumor. A total of 72 cases (three current, 69 from review of literature) has been reported to date. Men and women are equally affected. The majority are adults over 30 years old who exhibit progressive lower leg and back pain. Forty bone and 31 soft-tissue tumors were responsible for this syndrome; two-thirds occurred in the extremities. Chemical findings are typical: low serum phosphorus, normal serum calcium, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were low or undetectable. Histologically, more than a third were classified as vascular tumors, and half of these cases were hemangiopericytomas that were distributed equally between bone and soft tissues. Other common diagnoses included nonossifying fibromas, "mesenchymal" and giant-cell tumor variants. Features common to all tumors were prominent vascularity, and giant and primitive stromal cells. Only 10 were histologically malignant. Ultrastructural studies have not shown any secretory granules suggestive of a hormone-secreting tumor. It is clear, however, that the tumor is responsible for the osteomalacia because the complete removal generally results in a dramatic reversal of all symptoms and signs.
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PMID:Tumor-induced osteomalacia and rickets. 254 16

A case of malacoplakia of the thyroid gland is described in a 50-year-old Japanese woman. This lesion clinically mimicked a malignant neoplasm, and the true diagnosis of malacoplakia was made only after histologic examination; light microscopy revealed a granulomatous nodule with an accumulation of von Hansemann's histiocytes containing PAS-positive and von Kossa's-positive intracytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic inclusions known as Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. There were some foci consisting of neoplasm-like or hyperplastic residual follicles within the lesion. Electron microscopically, a small number of bacilliform organisms were demonstrated within the lesion. X-ray microanalysis of Michaelis-Gutmann bodies was performed and revealed the presence of phosphorus, calcium, iron, and chloride. It is suggested that the malacoplakic lesion may be associated with the hyperplastic or neoplastic follicular lesion, and bacterial infection could be important in the causation of malacoplakia of the thyroid gland.
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PMID:Malacoplakia of the thyroid gland. 255 21

Methyl, n-butyl 2'-TBDMS-N2-DMF-guanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate and 2'-TBDMS-N2-DMF-guanosine 3',5'-cyclic diethyl-phosphoramidate were synthesized by reaction of protected guanosine with trivalent phosphorus reagents in the presence of tetrazole followed by oxidation. The reaction occurred stereospecifically. Protected guanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphotriesters and N, N'-diethyl-phosphoramidate were shown to have inhibitory activity on the synthesis of DNA and RNA in mouse liver tumor cell. Diastereoisomers of n-butyl N2-substituted guanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate have been shown to activate adenylate cyclase in vitro.
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PMID:[Synthesis and biological activity of derivatives of guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic phosphate]. 255 77


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