Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum copper level (SCL), serum zinc level (SZL), and SCL/SZL ratio were measured in 18 patients with biopsy-proven osteogenic sarcoma. Measurements were made on sequentially collected serum samples beginning prior to the institution of therapy and continuing periodically until documented relapse. All patients were treated by curative resection and adjuvant therapy consisting of high dose methotrexate (with leucovorin rescue) with or without BCG immunotherapy. The SCL, SZI, and SCL/SZL determinations were made using proton-induced x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. SCL was significantly elevated (p less than .0001) in the 18 patients with primary untreated osteogenic sarcoma )173 +/- 30 microgram/dl) compared with a sex and age-matched normal group (115 +/- 16 microgram/dl). A significantly different SZL was not found, however, so that an elevated SCL/SZL ratio in the osteogenic sarcoma patients was primarily due to the altered SCL. SCL and SCL/SZL did not change significantly following curative surgery or become more abnormal in those patients who developed recurrent disease. The SCL and SCL/SZL were noted to be markedly elevated in those patients receiving BCG therapy, raising concern regarding the specificity of these tests as markers of tumor activity. SCL, SZL, and SCL/SZL did not appear useful as markers of tumor activity in patients with osteogenic sarcoma.
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PMID:Serum copper and zinc measurement in patients with osteogenic sarcoma. 30 81

A 40-year-old woman presented with the typical signs and symptoms of a Spigelian hernia. Upon operation, an inflammatory conglomerate tumor in the lower omentum was found, containing a copper T. As there were no signs of perforation it is to be discussed whether the IUCD migrated through the right Fallopian tube or penetrated through the uterine wall without leaving a scar.
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PMID:[An intraperitoneally positioned IUD--mistaken for a Spieghel hernia]. 34 89

Four cases of hepatic angiosarcoma are reported with a review of 99 other cases in the English literature. Angiosarcoma of the liver is associated with chronic exposure to thorotrast, vinyl chloride, arsenicals, radium and possibly copper and with chronic idiopathic hemochromatosis. Although 40% of patients have hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis at autopsy, the nature of the association between chronic liver disease and hepatic angiosarcoma is unknown. The clinical presentation of hepatic angiosarcoma is nonspecific with abdominal pain, weakness and weight loss common complaints and with hepatomegaly, ascites and jaundice common findings. Liver function tests are usually abnormal but there is no one liver function test or set of tests specific for the tumor. The occurrence of thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation is characteristic of hepatic angiosarcoma and may be related to local consumption of clotting factors and formed blood elements in the tumor. Catastrophic intraabdominal bleeding is also characteristic and occurs in one-fourth of all cases. This complication is likely related to the high incidence of clotting abnormalities and the vascular nature of the neoplasm. Selective hepatic arteriogram and open liver biopsy are the foundations of diagnostic evaluation. Percutaneous liver biopsy should be avoided. Failure to appreciate the possibility of hepatic angiosarcoma in the proper clinical setting, leading to blind percutaneous biopsy, may result in failure to make the diagnosis at the cost of significant morbidity and mortality. Survival of patients with hepatic angiosarcoma is brief; only 3% live longer than 2 years. Treatment of the tumor to date is empirical. There are probably a few patients who might benefit from radical surgery with curative intent. For all others chemotherapy is indicated. Adriamycin is active against hepatic angiosarcoma, but optimal dose and mode of administration require further investigation. Further study is also required to delineate the cause of hepatic angiosarcoma in the 60% of cases without definite epidemiologic association.
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PMID:The clinical features of hepatic angiosarcoma: a report of four cases and a review of the English literature. 36 8

Intestinal copper absorption was studied in normal, tumor-bearing and estrogen-treated rats, using 64Cu(NO3)2. Rats bearing Dunning mammary tumors (DMBA 5A) of more than 2 g absorbed 70-100% more of an intragastric copper dose than controls, and a much larger percentage was found in the plasma, with less in liver and kidney. The distribution of copper measured chemically mimicked these findings, and the enhanced capacity for absorption was also demonstrated in vitro with everted duodenal segments. Further examination of the intestinal mucosa revealed that binding of radioactive copper to a 10,000-dalton component of the cytosol was inversely proportional to the amount absorbed into the body, tumor-bearing rats retaining much less in, and transferring much more from, the intestine than controls. Daily injection of 17 beta-estradiol over 2 wk had the reverse effect. It is concluded that the absorption of copper is an endogenously regulated process that may be altered by cancer and estrogen treatment and mediated by the extent of its binding to a component (possibly metallothionein) within the mucosal cell.
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PMID:Altered copper absorption in tumor-bearing and estrogen-treated rats. 42 62

Examination of a series of substituted bis(thiosemicarbazonato) copper(II) complexes shows that their reaction with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells can be understood in terms of the relative reactivity of the complexes with sulfhydryl groups. In general, the order of reactivity of the complexes correlates directly with their respective degrees of cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. The parent complex, 3-ethoxy-2-oxobutyraldehyde bis(thiosemicarbazonato) copper(II), leads to widespread cellular effects with the suppression of DNA synthesis particularly sensitive to the complex. The apparent reversible inhibition of DNA synthesis and thymidine uptake hy 3-ethoxy-2-oxobutyraldehyde bis(N4-dimethylthiosemicarbazonato) copper(II) and its lack of cytotoxicity are explained in terms of the chemical properties of this complex.
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PMID:Structure-function correlations in the reaction of bis(thiosemicarbazonato) copper(II) complexes with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. 56 85

Seventeen analogues of the tumor-promoting agent anthralin were tested for the same biological property by repeated skin application on mouse skin using female ICR/Ha Swiss mice, after a single application of a subcarcinogenic dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Seven of the compounds tested are new compounds. They are 1,8-diacetoxy-9-anthrone, 1,8-dimyristoyloxy-9-anthrone, 1,8-dihydroxy-10-acetyl-9-anthrone, 1,8-dihydroxy-10-myristoyl-9-anthrone, 1,8,10-trihydroxy-9-anthrone, 1,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene, and myristoyljuglone. All compounds were used in pure form for the bioassays. Of the 17 test compounds four showed notable tumor-promoting activity. They are 1,8-dihydroxy-10-acetyl-9-anthrone, 1,8-dihydroxy-10-myristoyl-9-anthrone, 1-hydroxy-9-anthrone, and juglone. In order to determine whether there is any relationship between tumor-promoting activity and metal chelation in this series, the chelating abilities of anthralin and of its inactive analogue 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone were examined using the bivalent metal ions Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Mg(II), and Ca(II). No relationship between chelation and tumor-promoting ability was found.
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PMID:Structure and tumor-promoting activity of analogues of anthralin (1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone). 61 47

Neoplastic growths seem to interfere with normal processes regulating the serum level of ceruloplasmin, a copper-containing oxidase, which accounts for 96% of serum copper. Normal catabolism of ceruloplasmin in the liver follows desialylation. However, in patients with tumors, ceruloplasmin may be resialylated at the tumor cell surface or in peripheral blood. Decreased catabolism due to resialylation of asialo-ceruloplasmin could account for the increased concentration of serum copper noted in patients with neoplasia.
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PMID:Hypothesis for the mechanism of elevated serum copper in cancer patients. 62 94

The synthesis of an extended series of para-substituted [phenylglyoxal bis(4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone)] copper(II) chelates is reported. Subsequent biological evaluation and regression analysis have been performed, correlating pI50 with extrathermodynamic substituent parameters. Parabolic correlations with pi have resulted which predict optimum lipophilic character of the para substituent with respect to Ehrlich ascites cytotoxicity (pi0 = -2.13) and with respect to ascites vs. liver slice cytotoxicity (pi0 = -1.31). Results indicated clearly that the chelate most toxic to the tumor cell model may not be the most selective.
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PMID:Comparative analysis of the cytotoxicity of substituted [phenylglyoxal bis(4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone)] copper(II) chelates. 2. Parabolic correlations and their implications for selective toxicity. 69 Oct 5

Serum copper levels (SCL) and serum zinc levels (SZL) were evaluated in 19 patients with sarcomas, 12 of which were osteosarcomas at various stages. Patients with primary or metastatic osteosarcoma had elevated SCL, whereas amputated osteosarcoma patients who were clinically tumor-free had nearly normal SCL. Patients with primary osteosarcoma had elevated SZL, those with metastases had depressed zinc levels, and amputated patients who were clinically tumor-free and nearly normal SZL. Thus, the ratio of SCL:SZL in metastatic osteosarcoma patients is higher than in patients with primary osteosarcoma. SCL and SZL are compared to clinical histories for selected patients. Patients with the more advanced disease and poorest prognoses had the most elevated SCL and highest SCL:SZL ratios. It appears that the determination of SCL and SZL in osteosarcoma patients may be of value in prognosis and therapy evaluation; furthermore, the ratio of SCL:SZL may be useful in discriminating between patients with primary and metastatic osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Copper and zinc levels in serum from human patients with sarcomas. 76 64

Six pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde, one pyridine N-oxide 2-carboxaldehyde, and five diketone thiophosphoric hydrazones, three thiophosphoric hydrazides, and two cupric chelates were synthesized. The chelates and nine of the hydrazones were tested against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Seven of these latter agents were administered concurrently with either cupric and/or ferrous salts to mice bearing this tumor. The greatest activity was found with the chelate, cimethyl pyridine-2-carboxyaldehyde phosphorothioic hydrazone-copper (1:1). The hydrazone portion of this chelate also formed a ligand-copper (2:1) complex. Although all of the hydrazones but one were inactive when evaluated alone, the concurrent injection of cupric ion increased survival times by an avoli alkaline phosphatase was found to be inhibited by two thiosemicarbazones in a manner similar to that previously reported by these agents against alkaline phosphatase derived from Sarcoma 180-6-thiopurine resistant ascites cells. None of the 14 hydrazides or hydrazones tested against E. coli enzyme displayed significant inhibition.
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PMID:Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds. 20. Thiophosphorus hydrazones. 78 82


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