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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1963 to 1977 included, the authors operated 391 cancers of the rectum, out of 396 cases, which makes up for 98.5%. The tumor was felt on rectal examination in 60% of patients. Resection was performed in 86% of the cases. Schematically the authors recognize 2 types of operations: the anterior resection and the abdomino-perineal amputation by 2 synchronic teams--operation of Lloyd-Davies--that represents a significant progress compared to Miles' operation. Lately preoperative cobalt therapy (2,500 r) has been used for low tumors. Postoperative mortality remains elevated: 9.1% of which 10.1% for the Lloyd-Davies procedures and 7.2% for the anterior resections. Two hundred and sixty-seven patients have at least a 5 year follow-up; four, i.e. 1.5%, were last to follow-up and are considered dead. Gross overall 5 year survival is 36%. Non corrected 5 year survival, after resection is 42.8% dividing in 37.3% for Lloyd-Davies procedures and 51.2% for anterior resections; these figures include all operated patients and not only those who survived the operation.
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PMID:[The surgical treatment of cancer of the rectum. Analysis of 391 cases (author's transl)]. 52 64

Sixteen eyes harboring a choroidal or a ciliary body melanoma or both have been treated conservatively by photocoagulation, transscleral diathermocoagulation, and cobalt irradiation. These eyes have been enucleated because they showed an enlargement of the residual tumor and, in one case, perforation of the sclera. Cobalt irradiation affected all the layers of the tumor and was innocuous to the sclera. Diathermocoagulation destroyed the deep layers of the tumor and the sclera. Photocoagulation destroyed only the superficial layers of the tumor but not uniformly. Cobalt irradiation is the method of choice and photocoagulation a good adjunct in the conservative treatment of choroidal and ciliary body melanomas.
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PMID:The effect of conservative treatment on the choroidal melanoma: histopathologic study. 56 73

Serial CT studies performed for 1 year on a female patient suffering from a pinealoma are reported. Under cobalt therapy (5000 rads) a remission of the pinealoma was achieved. A short time later, metastases developed and cobalt therapy was repeated (6000 rads). Rapid tumor remission was seen again, but rapid occurrence of probable metastases too. The question whether radionecrosis or metastases were present cannot be answered.
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PMID:Serial CT studies of a metastatic pinealoma with reference to the radiotherapeutic problems. 59 45

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses is presented. The patient, a 56-year-old white man, had a good response to Cobalt 60 therapy. A review of the literature reveals that this rare tumor occurs predominantly in older individuals, and that the chance for survival is good when radiation has been administered.
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PMID:Primary malignant lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses. 62 23

A total of 117 consecutive primary cancers of the tonsillar region was irradiated at the University of Illinois Hospitals from 1955 to 1973. Results with 94 patients treated with radiotherapy alone and 23 with a combination of surgery and radiotherapy were analyzed. The modalities of radiation used were electron beam, 22 meV photons and Cobalt-60. Lymph node metastases were noted in 70% of the patients at the initial examination. In patients treated with radiation alone the determinant 5-year survivals were 42% without and 20% with nodal involvement. In the absence of node disease, survivals were 100% in T1, 60% in T2, 37.5% in T3 and 25% in T4 lesions. The significance of age, sex, histological differentiation, extent of the tumor, modality of treatment and the incidence of second primary were analyzed. Time dose relationships and factors influencing the prognosis are discussed and the literature is reviewed.
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PMID:An analysis of factors in the successful management of cancer of tonsillar region. 63 46

Sandwich therapy, a regimen of lymphadenectomy combined with preoperative and postoperative cobalt teletherapy, yielded a survival rate of 84% in 13 patients with stages A and B non-seminomatous testis tumor. This statistic is consistent with the previously reported survival rate of 83% achieved among 35 patients treated with this regimen from 1958 to 1970 at our institution. Bone marrow depression, retroperitoneal fibrosis and possible induction of a second malignancy were important side effects of radiation therapy. The superior survival rates with fewer severe side effects of treatment obtained by other investigators using either lymphadenectomy alone or lymphadenectomy combined with chemotherapy have prompted us to discontinue sandwich therapy as standard treatment for non-seminomatous testis tumors at our institution.
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PMID:Sandwich therapy in testis tumor: current experience. 66 Jul 31

Excess radiation to the skin during external beam megavoltage radiation therapy has reportedly caused excessive erythema in patients treated with the Clinac 4 linear accelerator on sloping surfaces, but not for similar treatments with cobalt 60. Doses at the epidermal level were measured under geometries simulating sloping surfaces for a Clinac 4 and an Eldorado 8 cobalt-60 teletherapy machine. For equal doses to the axilla, doses to the epidermal layer were similar. When the tumor dose was calculated for the mediastinum, the dose to the skin in the axillary region was 12% higher for the Clinac 4.
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PMID:Comparison of skin doses to large fields using tangential beams from cobalt-60 gamma rays and 4-MV x rays. 66 79

We have used the technique of retropubic implantation of 125I seeds, as introduced by Whitmore and associates in 1972, in 12 selected patients with prostatic cancer. Morbidity has been minimal, and the tumor has been effectively controlled. This technique delivers more radiation and has fewer side effects than external cobalt irradiation, and it should be offered to the patient as an effective alternative to radical prostatectomy. It is best suited for patients with stage A, stage B, or small stage C lesions who have negative bone scans. Edema of the penis follows the lymphadenectomy but gradually subsides.
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PMID:An alternative to radical surgery for cancer of the prostate. 66 73

From 1966--1974, 628 patients were irradiated with Cobalt-60 as treatment for tumors of the head and neck. Tumor doses ranged from 6200 R to 8000 R. An osteoradionecrosis was discovered in 17 patients, and was mostly localized in the mandible. Most of the patients developed the necrosis during the first two years following completion of their radiation, although necrosis was also found up to 9 years following therapy. Prophylactic treatment of teeth should be completed before beginning radiation therapy, but such does not exclude the risk of necrosis.
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PMID:[Osteoradionecrosis resulting from cobalt-60 therapy for head and neck tumors (author's transl)]. 68 Nov 89

Fourteen cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva treated preoperatively by use of cobalt-60 irradiation directed to the vulva and inguinal areas are reviewed. Toral dose varied from 3,600 to 5,500 rads according to reaction and tolerance. No treatments had to be interrupted due to excessive radiation effects. Surgical procedures were performed six weeks after irradiation. Histologic investigation of the surgical specimen showed no sign of tumor in five cases, almost complete regression in three, and a substantial reduction of the lesion in the remainder of the cases. In situ lesions surrounding the invasive tumors were cleared in three cases. Lymph node involvement was found in only two patients, one of whom did not receive preoperative radiation to in inguinal areas. Only one local recurrence was encountered and this was in the abdominal skin outside of the irradiated area. The healing process does not seem to be impaired after radiation treatment in spite of the fact that in many patients a very extensive type of surgical procedure was carried out.
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PMID:Preoperative radiation therapy in the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: preliminary report. 68 9


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