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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of granular cell tumour in the pituitary stalk is described marked by the sudden loss of visual acuity in the left eye, followed by the right years later. A comparison with 17 cases previously published and with cases of asymptomatic granular cell nodules leads the authors to suggest the term granular cell pituicytoma. They discuss the place of this neoformation among other systemic granular cell tumours (granular cell myoblastoma). Fifteen patients were operated on, complete excision being carried out in only three (including the case published). Whether complementary cobalt therapy is useful remains problematical since very few cases have been published because of the slow development of the neoplasm.
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PMID:[Granular cell pituicytoma (choristoma) of the pituitary stalk]. 18 55

A malignant glioblastoma adherent to the dura mater was removed from the parieto-occipital lobe in a 12-year-old boy. The site of the tumor was subsequently irridiated by 4000 rads of Cobalt-60. Five months later the boy was readmitted complaining of pains in the pelvis an in both thighs. X-ray examination of the pelvis demonstrated multiple metastases. Investigation of bone marrow revealed replacement of normal haematopoiesis by a tumor cell population histologically identical to that of the brain tumor. Reviewing the literature 58 reports on glioblastomas with extracerebrospinal metastases could be found. Metastases were preferably localized in cervical or mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs, bones, liver, dura mater, and operative flap. It is suggested that extracerebrospinal metastases occur most frequently after the tumor has infiltrated the cranium and extracranial soft tissues. In the case reported here it is speculated that the tumor spread to extraneural tissues after invading the dural veins. The possible occurrence of extracerebrospinal metastases in glioblastoma emphasizes the necessity of additional chemotherapy.
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PMID:Extracerebrospinal metastases in glioblastoma. Case report and review of the literature. 18 58

Twenty-four patients with bronchial adenoma seen over a 20-year period are reviewed. Follow-up data was available in all patients. They included 19 with carcinoid, 2 with adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and 3 with muco-epidermoid carcinoma. Recurrent pulmonary infection, cough and hemoptysis were the most common clinical manifestations. Surgical resection was performed in all but one patient, who was treated by irradiation; bronchoplastic and conservative resectional procedures were used in 5 patients with carcinoid adenoma. Carcinoid tumors are considered to be very slowly-growing malignant neoplasms that sometimes give rise to metastases to regional lymph nodes. Such metastases were present in only one patient. All patients are alive and well. Adenoid-cystic carcinoma is a more aggressive tumor with a tendency to recur. Much of the difficulty in its treatment is due to its close proximity to the bifurcation of the trachea. One patient was operated upon three times for local recurrences and ultimately died from respiratory failure after the third operation. The other patient received radiation therapy with cobalt and is well, without recurrence, 3 years after the treatment. The 3 muco-epidermoid carcinomas were histologically similar to such tumors of salivary glands but behaved clinically like highly malignant tumors, no patients surviving 8 months after resection. The term bronchial adenoma is a misnomer. The neoplasms grouped under this heading should be called carcinoid adenoma, adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and muco-epidermoid carcinoma and considered as separate entities, since the ultimate course and prognosis is definitely different.
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PMID:[Bronchial adenoma]. 19 6

From the beginning of radiotherapy, efforts have been made to improve the therapeutic effects X-rays by heat. Recently, the combined therapy of heat and X-ray therapy has gained new interest because of failures of the megavoltage therapy of solid malignant tumors. Encouraged by our own animal experiments with a Walker-tumor of rats, since 1972 we have treated 52 patients with tumors of lower sensitivity. We used decimeter waves; wave length of 69 cm and a frequency of 433.92 MHz. After preheating for 3 to 5 min we added the gamma-rays of Caesium-137 or Cobalt-60 in usual rhythms. The total dose only in few cases exceeded 6000 to 6500 rads in six to seven weeks. We observed a relatively very good response for tumors of low sensitivity. The dose was between 20 and 30% lower which in the treatment of tumors of median sensitivity is acceptable. Local recurrences are rare and occurrence of distant metastases are within the characteristic development of certain malignant tumors. A prospective study has begun.
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PMID:Combined treatment of radioresistant malignant tumors with high frequency hyperthermia and gamma-rays therapy--recent results. 22 45

Female C57 Bl/6 mice (6-8 weeks old) bearing the Lewis or the MBL-2 tumor received a localized irradiation (1,600 Rads; Cobalt 60) three days after the tumor implantation. We compared the association of irradiation and Immuno-BCG-F (1 mg/mice i.v.) with three control groups (no treatment, irradiation alone, Immuno-BCG-F alone). The timing and number of BCG injections varied in the different sub-groups. Results were improved in the Lewis tumor system when BCG was injected just after the end of the irradiation. Efficiency improved with the number of injections (P less than 0.05). In the MBL-2 system, depending on the timing of BCG injections we observed significant survival prolongation (irradiation + BCG) as compared to control groups. It has to be noted that the use of BCG alone enhanced tumor growth in two models.
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PMID:Unanticipated effect of BCG in mice treated by radiotherapy. 34 99

Cobalt-60 gamma rays and 4- and 10-MV x rays are compared for moving-strip therapy in terms of the dose uniformity and the given dose needed to deliver a prescribed tumor dose. Dose distributions in phantoms of 14--32-cm thickness were calculated for each therapy unit. Individual given doses which would deliver the most uniform dose along the midline of the treatment volume were determined by computer and were verified experimentally by thermoluminescent dosimetry. Using computer optimization techniques, the midplane dose uniformity is improved significantly for the three therapy units considered.
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PMID:Comparison of moving-strip therapy using a Cobalt-60 teletherapy unit, a Varian 4-MV linear accelerator, and a Varian 10-MV linear accelerator. 40 35

During the period from October 1964 to September 1975, 32 patients were treated at the University of Florida for a variety of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and ethmoid/sphenoid sinuses. All were treated with radical irradiation, 6091 to 7972 rad, in 6 to 9 weeks, cobalt-60. Pretreatment work-up revealed evidence of orbital invasion in 7 patients and involvement of the cranial contents, base of skull, or nasopharynx in an additional 15 patients. Local control was achieved in 95% of nasal cavity cases and 71% of ethmoid/sphenoid sinus cases at 2 years or more. The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 59%, and 5-year survival without evidence of disease was 50% (13/26). Patterns of extension in advanced lesions are clues to potential undetected extension in early cases which must be included in the treatment volume. Eye complications were minimal when it was possible to avoid treatment of the entire eye, but developed in all cases requiring treatment of the entire orbit. Acute and chronic complications involving the eye, ear, central nervous system, sinuses, and nose were reviewed and correlated with initial tumor extent, dose, and radiation treatment technique.
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PMID:Cancer of the nasal cavity and ethmoid/sphenoid sinuses. 44 47

A 54-year-old man underwent abdominoperineal resection for carcinoma of the rectum. Three months later, neurologic signs and symptoms developed. A brain scan, as well as angiographic studies, demonstrated a space-occupying lesion in the right parietal area. A solitary tumor was removed at craniotomy. Histologic examination revealed a metastatic adenocarcinoma with a rectal primary tumor. For two years the patient remained well, but then signs of local perineal recurrence developed. Treatment with cobalt irradiation and chemotherapy was unsuccessful. Autopsy revealed local recurrence with numerous distant metastases; however, examination of the brain failed to show a recurrent metastatic focus.
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PMID:Rectal carcinoma with solitary cerebral metastasis: report of a case and review of the literature. 46 80

Of forty children having undergone two or more years ago an irradiation of the brain case with cobalt-60 delivering doses between 1800 and 2400 R TD (n = 20) or a dose above 3500 R TD (n = 20), as a matter of fact ten presented pathological EEG findings which, however, may be interpreted as genetically determined characteristics, or instead in connection with a recurrence of the tumor just manifesting itself, or else as the consequence of a residual tumor or of the surgery performed. Pathological EEG findings on the account of radiation therapy apparently are much less frequent than morphological changes of the brain after radiation therapy. It is not necessary to assume that the latter need always have an effect upon the function of the infantine brain.
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PMID:[Electroencephalographic findings in the late stage after CNS-irradiation for malignant neoplasms in children (author's transl)]. 47 53

This review analyzes the local control rate of fast neutron beam teletherapy for malignant salivary gland carcinomas compared to conventional photon irradiation at the same institution. Thirty patients with malignant parotid or submaxillary gland tumors were treated with either cobalt-60 (19 patients) or neutrons +/- photons (11 patients). The 19 photon-treated patients were historical controls. No advantage is found for neutrons in patients with tumors less than 3 cm where 100% local control was achieved with either modality. In patients with tumor masses 3-6 cm in size, neutrons demonstrated a possible advantage with a local control rate of 100% (followup, 7-18 months) compared to a control rate of 33% with conventional photon irradiation. Acute treatment-related morbidity was slightly greater in neutron-treated patients, but no long-term complications have been observed to date.
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PMID:Evaluation of fast neutron teletherapy for advanced carcinomas of the major salivary glands. 47 96


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