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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A correlated morphological study, employing endocrine cell stains, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy, was performed on biopsy specimens taken from a pancreatic tumor and liver metastases in a woman with hypoglycemic symptoms and high fasting insulin levels. The study revealed the tumor to be composed of two different endocrine cell populations, irrespective of the primary or metastatic growth. The first cell type fulfilled all the morphological characteristics of the islet B cells. The second was argyrophil (with the Grimelius silver method) and showed the morphological pattern of polypeptide-hormone-producing cells. With the lack of a detectable symptomatology, normal blood levels of the hormones other than insulin, and the negative results of a large number of immunofluorescence tests, we were unable to indetify the specific nature of the second type of cells.
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PMID:Endocrine tumor of the pancreas composed of argyrophil and B cells. A correlated light, immunofluorescent, and ultrastructural study. 4 81

In four cases, small rectal carcinoids from patients who did not have accompanying significant clinical signs or metabolic disturbances were found to give a definite argyrophil reaction by double or triple impregnation of Grimelius' silver nitrate stain, but not by other silver methods for argyrophil or argentaffin granules, regardless of variations of cellular arrangement in ribbon-like, solid, and sclerosing patterns. The implication that the carcinoid tumor occurring in the rectum may constitute a group distinct from carcinoids arising from other sites is discussed.
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PMID:Is rectal carcinoid argyrophilic? Application of Grimelius' silver nitrate stain in four cases. 5 Sep 16

Ascites sarcoma-180 cells, when stained with platinum-pyrimidine complexes as the sole electron dense stain, show distinct dense patches to granular appearance on the surface of the plasma membrane which has been suggested to be attributable to deoxyribonucleic acid. Swiss Webster mice, 4-5 weeks of age, weighing 24-26 g with 4 X 10(6) ascites sarcoma-180 cells when injected with 3 X 7.0 micronC of tritiated thymidine on day 5 of the tumor implant, show specific labeling on the plasma membrane surface. The photopositive silver grain distribution in both the light and electron microscope autoradiograms when followed from the nucleus outwards show a distinct peak over the nucleus and the plasma membrane. The quantity and origin and role of this surface-associated deoxyribonucleic acid is not clear.
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PMID:Further evidence in support of cell-surface-associated deoxyribonucleic acid in tumor cells: an autoradiographic study. 6 69

Six cases of peripheral ganglioneuroblastoma are described and analyzed; in general these contained neuroblasts, mature ganglion cells and cells of intermediate degrees of maturity. Portions of the tumor resembled the glial tissues of the central nervous system, but this is spurious, no glial cells or fibers being present. Such tissues contained cells of intermediate maturity, immature axons which characteristically stain poorly with silver stains for axons, and a paucity of connective tissue fibers. These tumors exhibit a tendency for continued maturation with decreased malignancy, and for anaplastic change with increased malignancy. These opposing tendencies make it difficult to predict the outcome with complete certainty, except possibly in those cases in which maturation is complete. Schwann cells are present in those tissues which have matured to form neurons with axonal processes. The Schwann cells are probably reactive, not neoplastic. The presence of Schwann cells in such mature tissues is most readily explained on the assumption that Schwann cells are mesenchymal in character, and have been formed by differentiation of multipotential primitive reticular cells in response to the formation of axons by the maturing neurons.
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PMID:Maturation and anaplasia in neuronal tumors of the peripheral nervous system; with observations on the glial-like tissues in the ganglioneuroblastoma. 6 84

The distribution of mucosubstances in adenoid cystic carcinoma was investigated, and an attempt was made to characterize histochemically the various mucosubstances present. For these purposes the high iron diamine technique (HID), as well as the Astra blue, aldehyde fuchsin and Alcian blue staining methods were employed. Alcian blue was further combined with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique, the Alcian blue being applied at pH levels between 0.5 and 2.5. In addition the effect of neuraminidase and hyaluronidase treatment as well as methylation and acid hydrolysis procedures on the staining qualities were studied. Acidic mucosubstances with varying histochemical properties were present in different structures of the neoplasm. The characteristic pseudocyst, a major structural component of the neoplasm, stained strongly with HID, Astra blue, aldehyde fuchsin and Alcian blue at low pH. These staining reactions were markedly suppressed by hyaluronidase treatment, and are apparently attributable to the presence of chondroitin 4- and/or 6-sulfate. Employing the Alcian blue-critical electrolyte concentration technique, the basophilia of the pseudocysts was suppressed at a concentration of 0.5-0.6 M MgCl2, which might indicate polysaccharides of relatively low degree of sulfation. An additional, non-sulfated acid mucin could also be demonstrated in these structures. In certain duct and gland like structures of the tumours, a change in staining pattern from blue or blue-red to red could be observed after exposure of the sections to neuraminidase and subsequent staining with the Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-PAS sequence. Similar observations were also made when the pH of the Alcian blue was lowered to 1.5-1.0, as well as after acid hydrolysis. These findings afford evidence for the presence of a neuraminidase susceptive sialomucin in certain epithelial secretions of the tumor. At the ultrastructural level the replicated basement lamina of the pseudocysts displayed a strong positive reaction with the PA-CrA-silver staining technique. Furthermore, amorphous material within the lumina of small duct like structures also displayed a positive reaction. The amorphous material of the cystic compartments was less reactive.
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PMID:Distribution of mucosubstances in adenoid cystic carcinoma. 7 83

Silver nitrate has been used to demonstrate the chromosomal location of ribosomal cistrons in nine tissue-culture lines derived from human tumors of various pathological origins. Control individuals have a particular modal number (range 7--10) of D- and G-group chromosomes stained with silver. In the controls, 96.2% of the D- and G-group chromosomes that have a stalk show silver staining, while no relationship can be seen in acrocentric chromosomes without stalks. The tumor cells, whose modal chromosome numbers range from 42 to 68, possess variable numbers of acrocentrics (11--18). The number of chromosomes stained with silver, however, remained at control levels (range, 6--9). These data indicate that, in humans, silver staining may not identify all NORs that contain structural ribosomal genes.
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PMID:Identification of nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) in normal and neoplastic human cells by the silver-staining technique. 7 6

With the aid of a simple silver-staining procedure, large numbers and unusual arrays of nucleolar argyrophilic granules were found in Novikoff hepatoma, KB, and HeLa cells. Some of these arrays consisted of linearly arranged discrete granules, and others were in two to three rows each containing three to five granules. Corresponding formations were not found in either the normal or regenerating liver nucleoli which contained an argyrophilic network in which the dark granules were apparently associated with the less dark argyrophilic fibrils of a reticulum. The nucleolar argyrophilic granules were readily identifiable in the separated daughter nuclei of the tumor cells in telophase, suggesting that the increased nucleolar activity of the G1 phase begins in these cells even before cell division has been completed.
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PMID:Silver staining of nucleolar granules in tumor cells. 8 81

A case is briefly described in which a typical conjunctivitis lignosa appeared after the eye had suffered lime burns. In order to help clarify the morphological connection between mucopolysaccharide production and fiber development in the tumor tissue which occurred after the burn, samples were examined histologically, histochemically and with the use of the electron microscope. The tumor had a cartilage like consistency. Its structure could be devided into three regions. Region A is the pseudo-membrane. It has root like extensions which anchor it to the underlying tissue, and which morphologically appear partially homogeneous and partially fibrous. Blood cells and cell remnants are included in the tissue of the pseudomembrane. The histochemical examination of the pseudomembrane did not present a uniform picture. Along with small amounts of dermatan-sulfate and chondroitin-sulfate B the membrane probably contained a rather large amount of hyaluronic acid. The pseudomembrane borders on a granular tissue (Region B) which is distinguished by the wide metachromatic sheathes of the blood vessels found in it and the particularly large number of active fibroblasts along its edges. The silver impregnation method and the electron-microscopic examination showed that the vascular sheathes consist of bundles of reticular fibers which constitute a three-dimensional network. A similar sort of sheath was observed around the fibroblasts. Chondroitin-sulfate makes up the largest fraction of the mucopoly-saccharides near the fibers and appears particularly concentrated at the intersections of the fibers, although it is also diffusely distributed as well. Dermatan-sulfate (or heparan-sulfate) is found only in the mucopolysaccharide sheath of the fibers themselves. The deep region of the tumor (Region C) consists almost exclusively of blood vessels, their sprouts and the fibroblasts which, with their wide fibrous sheathes, almost fill the spaces between the blood vessels. The reticular fibers and their mucopolysaccharide sheathes have the same structure as that observed in Region B, The fact that the mucopolysaccharides did not appear in plaques but rather as bound primarily to the fibers is grounds for suggesting that a fiber development disorder, probably stemming from the pericytes and fibroblasts rich in ergastoplasm and fibrilles, could play the principle role in conjunctivitis lignosa. The cartilagen like consistency of the tumor could be a result of the arrangement of the fibers and their mucopolysaccharide sheathes. Brief remarks are included concerning the therapeutic consequences of the study.
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PMID:[Clinical, electron-microscopic, and histochemical investigations of conjunctivitis lignosa (author's transl)]. 12 41

An ependymoma was induced in the brain of a BD-IX rat by repeated doses of MNU. In vitro grown cells of the tumor were fibroblasts and stellate cells considered to be glial. Reimplantation of these cells into the brain of another BD-IX rat resulted a tumor growing in the meninges. This tumor was then repeatedly transplanted over several passages. Its gross morphology resembled that of a sarcoma; however, glial in cells could be demonstrated with silver methods. A cell line derived from the first transplanted tumor group proved to contain S-100 protein in traces in the first passages in vitro. Explanted cells of the primary ependymoma were cloned. Two clones were established, RGL 1 and RGL 2. The cells of both clones resembled morphologically the stellate elements of the primary explant. RGL 1 contained S-100 protein. It was cloned again in the 16th subpassage. Four clones were established. Only 1 contained S-100 protein in traces. The clone RGL 1 had a subdiploid karyotype with a modal number of 39 and a large submetacentric marker. It was subcloned in the 25th passage with two clones, both having a karyotype of 41 chromosomes.
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PMID:In vitro growth of neoplastic rat glial cells. 12 46

The exact marking of certain regional landmarks of the anatomy permits the determination of the co-ordinates of these points by stereoscopic diagnostic radiology. The mid-point of the upper margin of the symphysis is selected as the origin of the co-ordinates. The markings of the uterus are placed through the laparoscope with silver clips. The markings in the urinary bladder are placed close to the ureteral orifices through the cytoscope. The doses of radiation generated by the sources of radiation (tubes, colpostat, vaginal cylinder, cervical plate) can with this new marking technique not only be measured experimentally in anatomically well-defined points in the body but the dosage (the energy) can be calculated by the computer. In as many points in the body as desired. The maximal permissable dosage in the tumor can be determined with special consideration for the avoidance of radiation lesions to marked adjacent points such as the ureteral orifices.
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PMID:[Clip markings of the uterus and the urinary bladder for the dosimetry of intracavity and percutaneous radiotherapy (author's transl)]. 13 86


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