Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Indolyl-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase, a novel tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme, was prepared in crystalline form from soil isolate organism Pseudomonas XA. Emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption analyses of purified enzyme revealed the presence of iron (0.8 mol/mol of protein), and a number of observations supported the presence of heme prosthetic group (1.1 mol/mol of protein). The S20,w value of indolyl-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase is 10.2 S, and the molecular weight by sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation is 250,000. The E1%280 of the enzyme is 21, and the isoelectric point by isoelectric focusing on ampholine polyacrylamide gel plates is 4.8. The enzyme catalyzes hydroxylation on the side chain of a variety of 3-substituted indole compounds, including certain tryptophan-containing oligopeptides. The reaction product from tryptamine was identified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analyses. While the indole ring remained intact, hydroxylation occurred at the side chain carbon adjacent to the ring. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicated that hydroxylation always took place at the same position when the substrate was tryptophan methyl ester, tryptophol, indole-3-propionate, or indole-3-butyrate. No other chemical change occurred when these substrates were incubated with the enzyme. The Km value of indolyl-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase for L-tryptophan is 2.4 X 10(-6) M, at pH 7.2. The enzyme is inhibited by potassium cyanide (0.1 mM) or hydroxylamine (1mM), but not by NaBH4 (25 mM), aminooxyacetic acid (7mM), quinacrine (1 mM), chlortetracycline (1 mM), p-mercuribenzoate (0.1 mM), or ethylenediaminetetraacetate (1 mM). The plasma half-life (t1/2) of indolyl-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase in tumor-bearing mice is approximately 25 h.
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PMID:Isolation, crystallization, and properties of indolyl-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase. A novel tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme. 1 94

Specimens from various types of Paget disease, other tumors, and certain normal tissues were examined with a battery of histochemical techniques, including the sodium borohydride-potassium hydroxide-PAS method that specifically stains certain sialomucins that are found in terminal parts of the ileum and of the colon. These sialomucins were present in normal anal ducts but were not present in transitional or anal-covering epithelium. A case of perianal Paget disease showed strongly positive staining, both in the underlying mucinous adenocarcinoma and in Paget cells of the affected anal and perianal skin. In contrast, stains of other forms of Paget disease were totally negative with this technique, as well as malignant melanoma and Bowen disease. These results support the theory that Paget disease represents epidermal invasion by malignant cells from underlying tumor.
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PMID:Perianal Paget disease. Histochemical differentiation utilizing the borohydride-KOH-PAS reaction. 5 63

Extracellular acidosis (pH 6.6) has been found to delay the lethal effect of p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid on Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. At pH 6.6, 50 per cent of the cells died within approximately 80 minutes, compared with approximately 10 minutes at pH 7.5 or approximately 5 minutes at pH 8.0. It was also observed that low pH produced a dissociation between potassium loss, ATP levels, cell volume, and cell death. The possible mechanism of this effect is discussed; it is our hypothesis that it involves proton interactions with plasma membrane components which either affect available membrane sulfhydryl groups or otherwise stabilize the cell membrane against loss of semipermeable characteristics and cellular lysis.
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PMID:Studies on modification on the cellular response to injury. 5 Apr 96

Northern poke lymphosarcoma DNA polymerase was partially purified from particulate fractions banding at 1.15 to 1.16 g/ml from homogenates prepared from frozen necropsies of tumor-bearing pike. The enzyme behaves as a typical reverse transcriptase, in that it prefers ribotemplates to deoxytemplates. The isoelectric point (pl 5.5) is similar to that of avian myeloblastosis virus polymerase. The pike enzyme elutes from a phosphocellulose column at 0.22 M potassium phosphate, the same as avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase. The enzyme activity is inhibited by pyran, a specific inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. The most striking difference between the pike lymphoma polymerase and the other viral DNA polymerases tested is the low maximum temperature of 20 degrees, compared to 30 degrees for Rauscher leukemia virus polymerase and 38 degrees for avian myeloblastosis virus and Rous sarcoma virus.
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PMID:Presence of DNA polymerase in lymphosarcoma in northern pike (Esox lucius). 6 92

Tumor-specific and skin-reactive antigen of a syngeneic liposarcoma (H-10) of Hartley/F guinea pig was solubilized with 3M potassium chloride and purified by precipitation with 2M ammonium sulfate, followed by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The antigenic activity of 7 fractions obtained was estimated by the delayed-type skin reaction elicited in syngeneic animals immunized with H-10 cells admixed with BCG. Accurate relative activity of the fractions comparable to the skin reaction elicited by living H-10 cells was calculated by the parallel line assay method in which the dose-response curves of the fractions are compared with that of living cells. About 30 approximately 50 microgram protein of the 3 fractions eluted slowly from the Sephadex column elicited the skin reaction equivalent to that elicited with 1 X 10(6) of living H-10 cells. Tumor-specific skin reactivity per microgram protein of these 3 fractions was roughly 20 approximately 40 times higher than that of lyophilized cells.
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PMID:Tumor-specific skin-reactive antigen solubilized from a syngeneic guinea pig liposarcoma by 3M potassium chloride. 7 69

Male CD2F1 mice bearing an MCAM-7 transplant in the right leg underwent surgical excision of the tumor and showed specific resistance to subsequent challenges with that identical tumor line. An in vivo response to tumor-specific antigens (MCAM-7 antigen) solubilized by hypertonic potassium chloride was measured by 24-hour footpad swelling response in male CD2F1 mice immunized to the tumor from which the antigens were extracted. These observations suggested that the transplantable MCAM-7 fibrosarcoma could produce immunity toward the solubilized MCAM-7 tumors antigens and that this tumor immunity could be measured by footpad swelling response to injection of the solubilized antigens, an indication of cell-mediated immunity. The footpad swelling response was also monitored in relation to the extent of tumor growth. Similar techniques have been applied to patients bearing adenocarcinoma of the prostate for whom skin testing was substituted for the measurement of footpad swelling in animals. Four of 10 patients, who had known prostate carcinoma and were given intradermal injections of soluble tumor antigens extracted from their tumors, exhibited a cutaneous, delayed type hypersensitivity response to the injected autologous tumor extracts. No positive reactions were observed in response to solubilized components of control tissues, including BPH. These observations suggest that some patients bearing adenocarcinoma of the prostate can exhibit an immunologic response to specific antigens present in their neoplasms.
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PMID:Specificity of cell membrane antigens in prostate cancer. 8 64

Evidence for tumor-specific transplantation antigens of human prostate carcinoma was gained by others from in vivo sensitization. The fact that these antigens have not been detected by in vitro methods prompted us to investigate whether EB 33 cells, originated from a human prostate carcinoma by one of us (F.H.S.), expressed these antigens. Using 3-M potassium chloride extracts of EB 33 cells for immunization of New Zealand white rabbits, we obtained xenogeneic antibodies. Further analysis of their specificity was achieved by indirect immunofluorescence and by measurement of their cytotoxicity in a [51Cr]-release test. Xenogeneic antibodies were cytotoxic for EB 33 cells. However, the extent of cell lysis depended on the passage number of EB 33 target cells, thus reflecting an alteration of the antigenicity of the EB 33 cell population during culture. Formation of nonspecific antibodies could be absorbed with HeLa cells. As HLA were not detectable on EB 33 cells, results obtained from absorption experiments with homogenates of normal and malignant prostate tissue may argue for organ-specific and tumor-related transplantation antigens on EB 33 cells.
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PMID:Antigenic properties of a cell line from human prostate carcinoma (EB 33). 8 66

Specific receptors for dihydrotestosterone and estradiol-17-beta have been identified in cytosols of the human and baboon prostate. Binding of radioactive estradiol-17-beta to the 0.4 M potassium chloride extractable component of human prostate nuclei also was demonstrated. Cyproterone acetate and diethylstilbestrol, agents of known high affinity for dihydrotestosterone and estradiol-17-beta receptors, respectively, did not bind significantly to sex hormone binding globulin and, therefore, were useful as competitors in distinguishing binding of dihydrotestosterone and estradiol-17-beta to sex hormone binding globulin and to their specific receptors. Displacement of [3H]-estradiol-17-beta binding by diethylstilbestrol in cytosols of 11 needle biopsy specimens (mean equals 16.8 mg.) from prostatic cancer patients was analyzed. These preliminary data indicated a trend towards greater competition by diethylstilbestrol for high affinity binding sites in differentiated tumor specimens from men who were not receiving estrogen therapy. Objective and subjective responses to hormone therapy were recorded in these patients, whereas the disease in those men with low displacement assay values progressed.
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PMID:Steroid hormone receptors in the prostate. 11 Sep 48

A new procedure for the fractionation of mucopolysaccharides based upon differences in their partition behavior in aqueous polymer two-phase systems has been devised. Systems containing dextran, poly(ethylene glycol), trimethylamino-poly(ethylene glycol), potassium bromide and sodium phosphate buffer were employed. Countercurrent distributions were performed with a miniature countercurrent distribution device designed especially for use with aqueous polymer two-phase systems. An advantage over the widely used procedures involving precipitation of mucopolysaccharides as their quaternary ammonium detergent complexes is that the countercurrent distribution pattern of a particular mucopolysaccharide is not affected by the simultaneous presence of other mucopolysaccharides. Preliminary distributions of labelled mucopolysaccharides isolated from the cells and culture medium of monolayer cultures of rat tumor cells demonstrate that the procedure is particularly well suited for the fractionation of very minute quantities of mucopolysaccharides.
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PMID:Fractionation of mucopolysaccharides by countercurrent distribution in aqueous polymer two-phase systems. 12 1

The fatty acid composition of plasma membrane derived from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells was altered in vivo by changing the dietary lipid of the tumor-bearing mice. The activity of (sodium + potassium)-adenosinetriphosphatase ((Na+ + K+ATPase), in partially purified plasma membranes, was measured ass a function of temperature. Arrhenius plots of the data were biphasic. Striking differences, dependent on the membrane fatty acid composition, were observed in the transition temperature and in the energies of activation below the transition temperature. The transition temperatures for the (Na+ + K+)-ATPase of plasma membrane derived from tumor cells grown in mice fed a regular chow diet containing a mixture of fatty acids (PMC), a 16% sunflower oil diet (PMSU), or a 4% tristearin diet (PMTS) were 20, 21, and 13.5 degrees C, respectively...
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PMID:Changes in (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells produced by alteration of membrane fatty acid composition. 12 55


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