Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case is described of a 33-year-old woman with an 8-year history of oral contraceptive (OC) use who was treated at a hospital in Buenos Aires for a hepatic adenoma. The woman was admitted with an acute abdomen. Apart from OC use she had a history of hypertension for which she was treated with clonidine and diuretics. The physical findings included pain in the right abdomen, involuntary guarding, vomiting, and fever. Ultrasonography showed a normal bladder and pancreas and a nodular image in the right hepatic lobe. A CAT scan revealed a mass in the right hepatic lobe, and a needle biopsy later showed normal hepatic cells. Laparoscopy revealed a solid formation from which blood was obtained on puncturing. Angiography showed tortuous hepatic arteries. Laboratory tests were normal. An exploratory laparotomy was performed when the different studies failed to establish a clear diagnosis. A tumor was found in the right hepatic lobe but was not respected because the frozen section biopsy did not show malignant cells. The definite diagnosis of hepatic adenoma was based on the definitive biopsy. OC treatment was terminated and the tumor was in almost complete remission 1 year later. Hepatic adenomas are benign tumors, usually single, which occur rarely and primarily in women aged 30-40 who use OCs. A review of the literature indicated that the forms of presentation of hepatic adenoma are very varied. Pain was the initial symptom in 12-52% of cases. The pain was of sudden onset in 1/3. Hepatic adenoma is however infrequently considered as a cause of acute abdomen. Treatment in 73% of cases is surgical because of the danger of hemorrhage and shock and because of the potential for malignant transformation.
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PMID:[Acute abdomen as form of presentation of hepatic adenoma]. 307 13

The sphenoid sinus is the paranasal sinus most commonly implicated when cranial neuropathies are present. Two patients presenting with sixth nerve paralysis secondary to sphenoid sinus involvement are presented. One patient had a primary sphenoid sinus tumor, and the other a metastasis from a bronchogenic carcinoma. Of the two patients, one carried the diagnosis of idiopathic sixth nerve paresis and had had a normal sinus x-ray film and CAT scan done previously. Even in the absence of positive radiographic findings, the high clinical suspicion of sinus malignancy must be maintained in patients manifesting abducens nerve paralysis. In these patients, the petrous apex and cavernous sinus "silent area" must be diligently evaluated. For the patient to have any chance for palliation or potential cure, the tumor must be diagnosed as soon as possible.
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PMID:Abducens nerve paralysis: a potential presentation of sphenoid sinus cancer. 308 45

A patient with two attacks of glottis angioedema in a 15-day period without any apparent stimulus was studied. The complement profile of the patient revealed depletion of C4, C2, C1 inhibitor (C1INH) and C1q, with normal values of C3. Patient's offspring had a normal complement profile. Cytofluorographic analysis of the peripheral blood cells showed a marked increase of B cells. In the clotting study, a circulating lupus-like anticoagulant activity (LLA) was detected with a noticeable decrease of prothrombin time. Hepatosplenomegaly was confirmed by abdominal echography and CAT. From the liver biopsy it was concluded to be a lymphoproliferative process compatible with germinal center lymphoma. It is suggested that the neoplasm is probably the origin of the LLA and the cause of C1 activation, producing the biochemical defect of C1INH and the clinical symptoms of angioedema.
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PMID:Acquired C1-inhibitor deficiency associated with a lupus-like anticoagulant activity. 314 11

The potential mechanisms of interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha action on tumor cells have been investigated in a model of mouse fibroblasts transformed by distinct retroviral vectors carrying the v-mos, c-myc, and v-Ha-ras oncogene, respectively. Treatment with both cytokines not only caused growth inhibition of v-mos- and c-myc-transformants, but also a reversion of transformation-induced suppression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen expression in all transformed cell lines. The phenotypical reversion of transformants was preceded by a selective modulation of LTR-controlled oncogene expression. TNF-alpha primarily affected stability of oncogene-specific RNAs without influencing the activity of retroviral promoters. In contrast, IFN-gamma was effective at the transcriptional level, apparently due to inhibition of LTR activity as revealed from reduced CAT activity in IFN-gamma-treated LTR-CAT transformants. This IFN-gamma-mediated down-regulation of retroviral promoter activity seemed to be selective for Moloney-virus-derived promoters, since the activity of other viral and cellular promoters was not suppressed by IFN-gamma.
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PMID:Distinct mechanisms of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha action in oncogene-transformed mouse fibroblasts. 314 85

Elevations in CA 125 levels have been reported in approximately 80% of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Studies demonstrate that elevations of CA 125 at the time of second-look procedures correlate with the presence of tumor in 100% of cases. Two cases are reported with elevated CA 125 in which clinical examination and noninvasive studies with CAT scans failed to demonstrate tumor. In both cases laparotomy was performed because of the elevation of CA 125. Although intraabdominal exploration did not reveal the source of the CA 125 elevation, extensive retroperitoneal dissection demonstrated microscopic tumor in retrocaval lymph nodes in both cases. The ability to monitor patients with CA 125 is demonstrated and the importance of elevated antigen levels emphasized. Benign conditions associated with falsely positive CA 125 are discussed.
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PMID:Elevated CA 125 serum levels and epithelial ovarian cancer metastatic to retroperitoneal lymph nodes. 316 23

In a phase I trial 34 patients with pancreatic cancer were treated with the murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) BW 494 (BI 51.011) directed against a glycoprotein antigen. The patients received repeated doses of MAb over a time period from 5 to 14 days (highest single dose 100 mg, highest cumulative dose 490 mg). During this treatment serum levels of murine IgG increased to 43.4 micrograms/ml. The serum half life of murine IgG ranged from 2 to 3 days. Repeated injections of MAb BW 494 were normally well-tolerated when given within the first 15 days. Two patients presented with fatigue and a neuritis-like syndrome 2 weeks after the last IgG infusion which had resolved spontaneously by the next day. Severe allergic reactions were observed in 3 patients after repeated injections of the MAb. These 3 patients had high levels of human anti-murine antibodies (HAMA). Four weeks after the first application of MAb BW 494, 17/18 patients presented with HAMA (IgG). It could be demonstrated that the anti-murine response was in part anti-idiotypic. At the moment 16/34 patients are eligible for evaluation of tumor response. There was no complete or partial remission; however, 2 patients responded with minor tumor regression up to 32 weeks documented by reduction of liver metastases and primary tumor in CAT scan. Five additional patients presented with a long period of stable disease after immunotherapy (up to 40 weeks). Nine patients had progressive tumor disease in spite of MAb treatment.
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PMID:Immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer with monoclonal antibody BW 494. 316 51

Intravenous leiomyomatosis involving the right side of the heart is an unusual cause of outflow obstruction. Evaluation of the patient should be directed not only at intracardiac chambers but also at the inferior vena cava. This should include angiography and MRI or CAT scanning. Echocardiography is an important contributory investigation. Surgical therapy should be directed at complete removal of the tumor as recurrence has been reported if a less than complete resection has been performed. Hormonal manipulation has been attempted with variable results.
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PMID:Intravenous leiomyomatosis: a rare cause of right sided cardiac obstruction. 327 1

Murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 was prepared using a membrane-enriched fraction of breast carcinoma as the immunogen. MAb B72.3 has been previously shown, by in vitro assay, to have a high degree of specificity for carcinomas of the colon, ovary, breast and stomach versus normal adult tissues. The reactive antigen (termed TAG-72) has been purified and characterized. B72.3 IgG was radiolabeled with 131I and utilized for the in situ detection of colorectal cancer metastases. The radiolocalization of MAb B72.3 administered intravenously (i.v.) into colorectal cancer patients was sufficient to allow detection of more than 50% of the lesions by gamma-scanning. Radiolocalization indices (RI) (i.e., cpm 131I-labeled MAb/g of tumor versus cpm/g of normal tissue) were obtained by direct analyses of biopsy materials. Using an RI of greater than 3 to indicate positive localization, tumor lesions at various sites from 17/20 patients were positive. Seventy percent (99/142) of the tumor lesions had RIs of greater than 3, while only 12 of 210 normal tissues had RIs of greater than 3. 131I-B72.3 IgG was also intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered to 10 patients with colorectal cancer. Specific tumor localization via gamma-scanning (confirmed at surgery) was observed in 7/10 patients. Three of the 7 patients were negative for tumor detection by both CAT scan and X-ray but were positive for tumor localization via gamma-scanning of i.p.-administered MAb B72.3. Direct analyses of biopsy specimens of carcinoma and normal tissues demonstrated ratios greater than 70:1 for tumor MAb localization versus normal tissues. No clinical toxicity or adverse reactions were observed with the MAb when administered i.v. and i.p. These results thus demonstrate the efficacy of i.v. and i.p.-administered MAb B72.3 for the radiolocalization as well as potential use of MAb B72.3 in protocols aimed at tumor targeting and in MAb-guided therapy for human epithelial malignancies.
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PMID:[In vivo application of monoclonal antibodies in the management of human carcinomas]. 329 70

I 131-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an aralkylguanidine with certain structural similarities to norepinephrine (NE). It is concentrated, stored, and released from chromaffin granules in a manner almost identical with that of NE. It will image the enlarged adrenal medullae of adrenal medullary hyperplasia when the CAT and NMR scans are normal. It is more sensitive in detecting extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas than CAT and NMR imaging. Because 46% of our 176 patients with histopathologically proved "benign" pheochromocytomas (pheos) have developed demonstrable metastases, with or without elevated plasma and urinary catecholamines, we now image all patients with "benign" pheos yearly. As of January 22, 1986 we had treated 28 patients with malignant pheos 71 times with MIBG. As of July 24, 1986, we had given 34 neuroblastoma patients 55 tracer doses. In some cases MIBG demonstrates more neuroblastoma than all other imaging modalities and this is helpful in staging. We have had 30-50% objective regressions in neuroblastoma tumor mass in 3 out of the first 12 patients treated. These three patients had slower-growing tumors and a lower body burden than the nonresponders. We also record the sensitivity of MIBG imaging of neuroendocrine tumors other than pheos and neuroblastomas.
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PMID:Update on basic research and clinical experience with metaiodobenzylguanidine. 330 1

The authors report on two cases of sacrococcygeal chordoma, with complications involving visceral organ metastases and distal bony metastases. Chordomas are malignant tumors which develop in adult subjects which originate from remnants of the embryonic notochord. Sacrococcygeal localization is found in 50% of the 1,300 cases reported in the medical literature, which represents 20% of sacrococcygeal tumors observed. The difficulty and the delay in diagnosing these tumors should decrease by routine CAT scan examination. Diagnostic certainty is based on histological examination, often suggestive of the diagnosis (physaliphore-like cells), possibly combined with ultrastructure and immunohistological study. The clinical course involves local recurrences, but there is a real risk of metastatic development, notably in the case of sacrococcygeal chordomas, with their incidence estimated at 17.5% of cases. Sometimes developing in later stages of their course, histological findings are similar to those of the initial lesion. Organs which are frequently the sites of metastases are the lung (48% of cases) and bone (26%), then the lymphatic organs, the liver, and subcutaneous tissue... Therapeutic management is unsatisfactory, with ideally, complete surgical excision of the initial tumor of its size permits and hence early diagnosis of this condition is a prerequisite for good results.
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PMID:[Metastatic chordoma. General review apropos of 2 cases]. 331 68


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