Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present a rare case of submandibular gland carcinosarcoma occurring in a 45-year-old male patient. His clinical history revealed that the carcinosarcoma had developed from a carcinoma ex mixed tumor in three years. In spite of repeated resection, intensive chemotherapy and irradiation, the tumor recurred and grew rapidly, and the patient died of hemothorax caused by rupture of a pulmonary metastatic tumor. The fourth recurrent tumor and autopsy specimens showed features of carcinosarcoma consisting of three tumor components, i.e., undifferentiated carcinoma, and chondrosarcomatous and osteosarcomatous growth. The metastatic nodules in both lungs and pulmonary hilar lymph nodes showed the same pattern. Immunohistochemically, the chondrosarcomatous cells were positive for vimentin and S-100 protein, and for epithelial markers such as epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and cytokeratin (MA-902). Undifferentiated carcinoma cells, on the other hand, were partially positive for muscle actin other than cytokeratin (KL 1). Ultrastructurally, desmosome-like structures were seen in the chondrosarcomatous cells. These findings suggest that the sarcomatous lesions might have originated from epithelial cells.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the submandibular gland. An autopsy case. 170 54

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been shown to be a more sensitive tumor marker than prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) in prostatic adenocarcinoma: PSA was positive in 54 of our 117 patients (46%) and PAP was positive in 24 (21%). In order to compare the usefulness of these markers during and after radiotherapy serum samples from 24 patients treated with external beam irradiation were analyzed. PAP was only slightly positive in 1 patient (4%) after radiotherapy. His PSA level was highly elevated and he died of progressive disease. In the other 23 patients the cancer was in local control. However, the serum PSA level remained positive in 5 of these patients indicating vital cancer cells may still have been present. An alternative possibility is that metaplastic prostatic cells which secrete PSA were left after radiotherapy, as has been shown to be the case in prostatic hyperplasia. Before radiotherapy increased PSA levels were measured in 3 patients. In 2 of them the level declined to normal within 6 months after radiotherapy. The PAP levels were normal. It is concluded that PSA (positive in 25% of patients after radiotherapy) might be more sensitive than PAP (positive in 4%) in monitoring the effect of radiotherapy in prostatic cancer patients.
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PMID:Prostate-specific antigen in the follow-up of prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with external beam radiation. 170 23

A twenty-four-year-old male patient with stage III advanced extragonadal germ-cell tumor obtained complete remission after comprehensive treatment including high-dose combination chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation. He had massive tumors in cervical, mediastinal, abdominal and inguinal lymph nodes, bilateral lungs and liver. Ascites, plural effusion and pericardial effusion were also noted. Cancer cells were demonstrated from his bloody sputum, pericardial drainage and an aspirate from supraclavicular tumor. His tumor produced hCG, AFP, placental ALP and LDH, and hCG was the best marker for the diagnosis and monitoring. The initial serum hCG level was high at 460,000 mIU/ml, but fell to 13 mIU/ml after 3 courses of PVP therapy. However, it rose ten-fold in a week. After ultra-high dose combination chemotherapy with autologous BMT, the patient's hCG fell to 1.8 mIU/ml and remained at that level thereafter. He has remained well with no sign of recurrence after 25 months.
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PMID:[Tumor markers--personal experience. A case of advanced extragonadal germ-cell tumor showing complete remission by high-dose combination chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation]. 171 95

The patient is a 31-year-old man who was suffering from hyperthyroidism and left hemothorax. His serum HCG level was extremely elevated and chest X-ray showed a mass shadow of anterior mediastinum and bilateral multiple intrapulmonary metastasis. Our clinical diagnosis was primary HCG-producing germ cell carcinoma of mediastinum and immediately administered CDDP and VP-16. Chemotherapy was effective and tumor extirpation was carried out for mediastinum and lungs by median sternotomy. All of the resected specimen showed no cancer cells and 4 years have passed with no evidence of recurrence. Aggressive surgical approach is indicated for mediastinal germ cell carcinoma accompanied with intrapulmonary metastasis when chemotherapy is effective.
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PMID:[Surgical therapy of HCG-producing mediastinal tumor accompanied with intrapulmonary metastasis]. 172 89

The p53 tumor suppressor gene was examined by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA from fresh tumor cells of 10 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Samples included nine patients with acute or lymphomatous ATL, and one patient in whom samples were examined in both his acute and chronic stages of ATL. Four missense mutations and one silent point mutation in the coding region of the p53 gene were found in cells from five patients with either acute or lymphomatous ATL. The missense mutations were homozygous and occurred in evolutionarily highly conserved regions of p53. One patient had no p53 mutation in his leukemic cells during chronic phase of ATL, but had a homozygous point mutation at codon 273 (Arg to His) when he progressed to acute ATL. In summary, we show that p53 is frequently mutated in the acute phase of ATL and one informative case suggests that p53 mutations may be associated with the transition from chronic to acute ATL.
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PMID:Mutations of the p53 gene in adult T-cell leukemia. 173 92

L-Histidinol, a structural analogue of the essential amino acid L-histidine, is able to enhance the toxicity of a wide variety of anticancer drugs to tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the effects of L-histidinol on the viability, cell cycle traverse and anticancer drug susceptibility of B16f10 melanoma cells in culture have been examined. L-Histidinol inhibited the transit of B16f10 melanoma cells through the cell cycle in a dose-dependent manner. In spite of its capacity to slow cell cycle progression, L-histidinol nevertheless increased the capacity of several antineoplastic agents of varying modes of action to kill B16f10 melanoma cells.
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PMID:Effects of L-histidinol on the proliferation and anticancer drug susceptibility of cultured B16f10 melanoma cells. 176 57

A 6 year 9 month old boy with rapidly progressing precocious puberty was immunohistochemically and histologically diagnosed as having an hCG-producing mixed tumor consisting of choriocarcinoma and teratoma in the septum pellucidum. His serum hCG was elevated, but the serum LH was low as determined by LH immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). He did not exhibit a characteristic endocrinological pattern, e.g., high basal levels of LH and failure to respond with high LH levels to the LH-RH stimulation test using the conventional LH RIA method.
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PMID:Precocious puberty caused by an hCG-producing tumor of the septum pellucidum. 179 27

We report a 46-year-old, non-hypertensive man who suddenly developed isolated right trochlear nerve palsy. His diplopia was most prominent in the left lower gaze, and partially alleviated by head tilt to the left or by anteflexion of the neck. His CT scans showed a small high density area consistent with a hemorrhage in the lateral side of the right mesencephalic tectum. His MRI (T2-weighted images) showed a lesion consisting of mixed high- and iso-intensity areas with linear low intensity areas. The margin of the lesion was irregular and nodular. Cerebral angiography (prolonged injection) showed small feeding arteries (or capillaries) in the late arterial phase and dilated draining veins in the venous phase. No tumor stain, early draining veins, or capillary brushes were present. We thought he had an angioma (vascular malformation). AVM seemed unlikely. Review of the literature revealed that trochlear nerve palsy caused by a mesencephalic angioma is extremely rare. MRI and cerebral angiography (prolonged injection) seemed useful for the diagnosis of angiomas (Vascular malformations).
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PMID:[A case of brainstem vascular malformation with isolated trochlear nerve palsy as the initial symptom]. 179 1

Human erythrocyte nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) is a hexameric enzyme consisting of two kinds of polypeptide chains, A and B. By random association (A6, A5B...AB5, B6) these polypeptides form isoenzymes differing in their isoelectric point. Chains A and B of NDP kinase were purified by ion-exchange chromatography under denaturing conditions. Upon mixing and renaturation, the isozymic pattern of NDP kinase obtained by conventional methods was restored. Antibodies raised against purified chains showed significant cross-reactivity, both in immunoblot experiments and activity inhibition studies. Sequence determination showed that both chains consisted of 152 amino acid residues corresponding to Mr or 17,143 (chain A) and 17,294 (chain B), respectively. There was high homology between the two sequences (88% identity). The phosphorylation site on the enzyme is located at His-118. Chain A was identical with human Nm23 protein, which has been reported as a potential suppressor protein in tumor metastasis and chain B was identical with Nm23-H2 protein.
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PMID:Nucleoside diphosphate kinase from human erythrocytes. Structural characterization of the two polypeptide chains responsible for heterogeneity of the hexameric enzyme. 185 Nov 58

In the present study the effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine-methionine (PHM), and secretin on spontaneous cell mediated cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells against tumour target cells was evaluated. VIP stimulated cytotoxicity against CaCo-2 human colon cancer cells, whereas less effect was seen against K-562 erythroleukemia cells. Depletion of CD16+ natural killer cells almost completely abolished cytotoxicity and subsequent VIP incubation did not change residual activity. In contrast to PHM, which hardly influenced cytotoxicity, secretin was found to be more effective especially against K-562 target cells. These observations suggest a modulating role for the neuropeptide VIP in the cellular immune response against tumour cells, especially from the colon, resulting in increased activity of CD16+ natural killer cells. Secretin, seems to be less potent in modulating cellular cytotoxicity. These findings support the concept that gastrointestinal peptides can play a role in the regulation of cellular cytotoxicity against tumor cells.
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PMID:Modulatory effects of VIP and related peptides from the gastrointestinal tract on cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumour cells in vitro. 187 58


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