Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prostatic carcinoma presenting as an abdominal mass is a very rare disorder. A 64-year-old man was referred to our hospital with the chief complaint of a right lower abdominal mass on March 6, 1984. Physical examination revealed a firm, smooth, fixed, non-tender, pulseless fist size mass in the right lower abdomen. Rectal examination revealed an apple size, smooth and elastic firm prostate which had an induration. Needle biopsy of the prostate showed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. At first we regarded the abdominal mass as retroperitoneal tumor unassociated with prostatic carcinoma. After preoperative irradiation (20 Gy) to the pelvis, the abdominal mass was resected and bilateral orchiectomy was performed on April 11, 1984. The mass was histologically diagnosed as a metastatic lesion from prostatic carcinoma. On the basis of these findings, we considered the mass to be due to pelvic lymph node metastasis from prostatic carcinoma. His postoperative course was uneventful. In April 1991, he is still alive without evidence of recurrence or bone metastasis.
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PMID:[Prostatic carcinoma presenting as an abdominal mass: a case report]. 128 30

A case of malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma) arising from the right lacrimal gland is reported. A 63-year-old man was referred to our clinic because of visual disturbance and protrusion of the right eye in January, 1989. His past history revealed that he had had a benign mixed tumor of the right lacrimal gland resected 19 years ago. On CT scan, an iso-density lesion homogeneously enhanced with contrast medium was found in the right orbit. This tumor was partially cystic and invaded the cranial cavity. On T1 and T2 weighted MRI, the tumor appeared as an iso-intensity area. At surgery, the tumor was subtotally resected via the combined fronto-orbital approach on February 3, 1990. Histological diagnosis of the tumor was squamous cell carcinoma, and it was construed to be a malignant transformation of mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland. Postoperatively he was placed on a course of external radiation therapy (63 Gy in total) in combination with intra-carotid Cisplatin injection therapy. The first sign of the recurrence was seen as multiple metastatic lesions in both lungs about 4 months after the surgery. In December, 1990, protrusion of the left eye and disturbance of ocular movement became progressively worse. On CT scan, recurrent metastatic tumor was seen in the left orbit and paranasal sinuses. Although additional chemotherapy and irradiation brought about a short period of symptomatic relief he succumbed to pneumonia in April 18, 1990. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed in the lung at autopsy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor of lacrimal gland to squamous cell carcinoma 19 years after initial surgery: report of a case]. 131 Aug 2

A cholangiocarcinoma of the hepatic hilus with an element of giant cell tumor that occurred in a 59-year-old man is reported. His medical history included systemic cholelithiasis and repeated operations on the biliary passages. Four years after the last operation, which was a hepatic segmentectomy, he was readmitted because of persistent fever. A computed tomography scan showed a low-density area and stones in the hepatic hilus. He died of hepatic failure approximately 1 month later. At autopsy, a fist-sized tumor and gallstones were found at the hepatic hilus. Histologically, the tumor mainly showed sarcomatoid features and some tubular adenocarcinoma. An element of giant cell tumor consisting of many osteoclast-type giant cells also was noted. The results of immunohistochemical studies showed a positive reaction to cytokeratin and vimentin in some of the spindle-shaped sarcomatoid cells. Sarcomatoid bile duct carcinomas are rare, as are those with osteoclast-type giant cells. The authors also discuss the histogenesis of these giant cells.
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PMID:Giant cell tumor-like cholangiocarcinoma associated with systemic cholelithiasis. 131 89

Vascular invasion is not a prominent feature of cholangiocarcinoma (CCC), in contrast to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which frequently shows extensive vascular tumor thrombi. We report an autopsy case of CCC with extensive portal tumor thrombi and portal hypertension. A 57-yr-old man presented with abdominal pain. Liver imaging revealed no tumors, but showed intrahepatic portal venous obstruction. HCC with portal tumor thrombi was suspected clinically. His clinical course was rapid; he died of hepatic failure 50 days after admission. At autopsy, the liver (2,700 g) was studded with diffuse whitish yellow granular areas with flecks of coalescent granules. Intrahepatic portal veins were diffusely occluded by tumor thrombi. Microscopically, the tumor was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with mucin; tumor cells were immunohistochemically positive for carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 19-9, DU-PAN-2, and biliary type cytokeratins, but negative for alpha-fetoprotein. Tumor cells were diffuse in the liver, and there were numerous tumor thrombi in the small portal veins. Hepatic veins and small arteries were occasionally occluded by tumor thrombi. There was ascites, splenomegaly and tumor thrombi in the gastric and esophageal veins, suggesting that portal hypertension had been present. This tumor seemed to have marked affinity to invade portal veins. It must be stressed that there are CCCs with extensive portal tumor thrombi and resultant portal hypertension.
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PMID:Extensive portal tumor thrombi with portal hypertension in an autopsy case of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. 132 98

A case of brain metastasis of lung cancer with Eaton-Lambert syndrome (ELS) is reported. A 45-year-old male was admitted to the Department of Surgery in Kurume University Hospital on November 13, 1985, complaining of general fatigue. On admission, neurological examination revealed diplopia and fatigue of the extremities. The electromyogram (EMG) showed the waning phenomenon in low frequency repetitive stimulation (2Hz) and the waxing phenomenon in high frequency repetitive stimulation (10Hz, 20Hz). His clinical symptoms, radiological findings and EMG findings demonstrated lung cancer with ELS. Left pulmonary lobectomy with lymphnode dissection of the anterior mediastinum and pulmonary hilus was performed on December 4. Intraoperatively, the tumor was strongly adherent to a medium lymphnode. The patient experienced complete relief symptoms due to ELS. Histological examination disclosed a small cell carcinoma without lymphnode metastasis. He was discharged without any neurological deficits following chemotherapy on February 27, 1986. He was readmitted to the Department of Neurosurgery on August 29, 1986, because of the development of nausea and vomiting. Neurological examination demonstrated no abnormalities except for choked disc in the bilateral ocular fundi. The computed tomography scan revealed a metastatic brain tumor with a mural nodule and cyst. The tumor was totally removed on September 2. Histological examination revealed a typical appearance of small cell carcinoma. He followed a satisfactory postoperative course. He was discharged following radiation therapy on November 2, 1986, and was followed as an outpatient. He has no problem in daily life since then. Though the patient had an expanding metastatic brain tumor from lung cancer after the first operation, he experienced no symptoms due to ELS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Brain metastasis of lung cancer with Eaton-Lambert syndrome--case report]. 132 90

The interaction of 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (neocuproine or NC) and its copper complex with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells was studied. NC is frequently used as a negative control in studies of in vitro DNA degradation by copper phenanthroline and has also found use as a potential inhibitor of damage from oxidative stress in biological systems. NC inhibited Ehrlich cell growth in monolayer culture over 48 h treatment by 50% at 0.05 nmol/10(5) cells. Addition of 5- to 100-fold ratios of CuCl2 to NC (at 0.035 nmol NC/10(5) cells) produced progressively more growth inhibition. Addition of 1:0.5 ratios of NC to CuCl2 over the range of NC concentrations 0.08-0.2 nmol/10(5) cells/mL resulted in DNA single-strand breakage during 1-h treatments as measured by DNA alkaline elution. Concomitant addition of catalase or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) inhibited DNA strand scission, while superoxide dismutase enhanced breakage. Catalase and DMSO also inhibited induction of membrane permeability by the copper complex of NC. These cellular effects apparently result from the intracellular generation of hydroxyl radical from H2O2. NC facilitated the uptake of copper into cells, though it was initially bound as a copper-histidine-like complex. The internalized copper was reduced to Cu(I), bound mostly as (NC)2Cu(I). To explain the (NC)2Cu-dependent generation of hydroxyl radical, it is hypothesized that glutathione successfully competes for Cu(I), converting it to a redox-active form that can catalyze the reduction of molecular oxygen to .OH. Model studies support this view. Radical scavengers did not reverse growth inhibition produced by NC or NC + CuCl2.
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PMID:Oxidation-reduction reactions in Ehrlich cells treated with copper-neocuproine. 133 27

Melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH, alpha-melanotropin),Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Ly-Pro-Va l-NH2, regulates melanogenesis within epidermal melanocytes of many animals. An MSH analogue ([Nle4,D-Phe7]alpha-MSH) that exhibits superpotency and prolonged biological activity has been synthesized, biologically characterized, and is presently in clinical trials to determine its possible clinical use in tanning of the skin. It also has potential for the diagnosis, localization, and chemotherapy of melanoma. The effects of this analogue on the growth, metastatic behavior, and invasive potential of a melanotic variant of Cloudman S-91 murine melanoma are reported here. In an intracutaneous murine model of melanoma cell tumor growth, the analogue did not increase primary tumor growth (size) after the period of administration of the peptide hormone analogue and did not affect spontaneous lung metastases. Survival times for the control and melanotropin-treated groups were similar, suggesting that overall tumor burden was not affected by treatment with the hormone analogue. Last, melanoma cell invasion through a human amniotic basement membrane in vitro was not enhanced compared to untreated cells.
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PMID:Effects of a melanotropic peptide on melanoma cell growth, metastasis, and invasion. 133 2

Chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) is a multisystemic condition which occurs in 25 to 40% of patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. A 31 year old male developed acute polymyositis one year in the setting of cGVHD etc. after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. A viral etiology could not be proven. This presumably represented a manifestation of cGVHD. His clinical condition improved with immunosuppression and he remains asymptomatic, off therapy.
Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 1992
PMID:Case report: acute polymyositis in a patient with chronic graft vs. host disease. 134 26

Human cancer chemotherapy is limited by two major problems: the failure of commonly used anticancer drugs to act against tumor cells in a specific manner and the ability of malignant cells to resist killing by antineoplastic agents. Experimentally, both of these problems can be solved by using L-histidinol in combination with conventional anticancer drugs. A structural analogue of the essential amino acid L-histidine and an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis. L-histidinol improves the selectivity and the efficacy of a variety of cancer drugs in several transplantable murine tumors. Furthermore, L-histidinol circumvents the drug-resistant traits of a variety of cancer cells, including those showing multidrug resistance. This review will summarize these properties of L-histidinol, present new evidence on its ability to increase the vulnerability of both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant human leukemia cells to various anticancer drugs, and show that, in addition to inhibiting protein synthesis, L-histidinol acts as an intracellular histamine antagonist. The establishment of a connection between the latter mechanism and the capacity to modulate anticancer drug action has resulted in a clinical trial in the treatment of human cancer.
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PMID:L-histidinol in experimental cancer chemotherapy: improving the selectivity and efficacy of anticancer drugs, eliminating metastatic disease and reversing the multidrug-resistant phenotype. 135 69

Structural changes in the macromolecular targets of pharmacological agents can result in alterations in the efficacy of these agents. In previous studies, we identified a variant structural form of thymidylate synthase (TS) that is associated with relative resistance to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, in a human colonic tumor cell line. We now report on the use of DNA transfer techniques to examine directly the effects of each TS form on drug response. TS cDNA constructs, corresponding to the normal or variant TS mRNA, were expressed in Chinese hamster lung cells or in Escherichia coli, and response to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine was determined. We observed that expression of the variant TS, which differs from the normal form by a tyrosine to histidine substitution at residue 33, confers a 4-fold level of drug resistance in the mammalian cells, as well as in bacteria. The possible role of Tyr-33 in 5-fluoropyrimidine-mediated inhibition of TS is discussed.
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PMID:A naturally occurring tyrosine to histidine replacement at residue 33 of human thymidylate synthase confers resistance to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine in mammalian and bacterial cells. 135 60


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