Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have reexamined the heterogeneity shown by histidine in its uptake by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell, in the face of a contradiction of our earlier interpretation. We again find the fraction of histidine uptake at neutral pH inhibitable by the model substrate for System A, 2-(methylamino)-isobutyric acid, to be fully dependent on the presence of Na+ or Li+. The small Na+ -independent component not attributable to System L can be identified with System Ly+ through its inhibitability by homoarginine. This component increases as the pH is lowered with an apparent pK' a of 6.1. The simultaneous decrease in the uptake by the neutral systems could be identified, for System L, with the same titration of histidine to its cationic form, but for System A the sharp decrease is identified with the protonation of a structure on the membrane rather than one on the substrate. The action of H+ in the latter case proved approximately non-competitive with Na+ when tested with ordinary substrates.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of histidine transport in the Ehrlich cell. 1 Oct

Plasma and prostatic fluid from man, dog, and baboon were measured for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by a radioimmunoassay technique. No CEA was detected in plasma, prostatic fluid, or seminal fluid in 12 dogs and three baboons. Elevated CEA (less than 2.5 ng/ml) was found in 13 of 20 human prostatic fluids. It was inferred that there was no immunologic cross-reactivity of CEA among man, dog, and baboon. CEA has been isolated and purified from liver tumors. Biochemical studies reveal that CEA consists of 60 percent carbohydrate and 40 percent protein. It contains the following carbohydrates: fucose, mannose, galactose, sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, and a small amount of N-acetylgalactosamine. The following amino acids were found in CEA: lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, emthionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and cysteine. The amino acid sequence (first 30 amino acids) of the N-terminal has been determined. The N-terminal amino acid was lysine. Using this study as a model, other tumor antigens from prostatic tumor tissues are being investigated. The acid phosphatase isoenzyme from prostatic tissue was also studied. After a series of purifications, two chromatographic fractions were obtained. Treatment with neuraminidase removed the sialic acid content of the molecule, changed the isoelectric focusing patterns, and abolished the chromatographic heterogeneity. Sedimentation studies indicated a molecular weight of about 100,000. Biochemical studies showed that prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme is a glycoprotein which consists of 7 percent carbohydrate and 93 percent protein. It contains fucose, galactose, mannose, sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, and the following amino acids: aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine, tryptophan, and cysteine. An antiserum to this purified prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme is being prepared in animals.
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PMID:Tumor antigen and acid phosphatase isoenzyme in prostatic cancer. 4 19

A glycoprotein has been isolated from the colonic lavages of healthy individuals that is immunologically equivalent to carcinoembryonic antigen purified from tumor tissue. The NH2-terminal sequence of the glycoprotein from normal colon lavages is Lys-Leu-Thr-lle-Glu-Ser-Thr-Pro-Phe-(Asn)-Val-Ala-Glu-Gly-Lys-Glu-Val-(Leu,lle)-(Leu,lle)-(Leu,lle)-Val-(His,Arg?)-?-(Leu,lle). This is homologous to the NH2-terminal sequence of 23 of the first 24 amino acids of carcinoembryonic antigen isolated from tumor tissue.
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PMID:Amino-terminal sequence of a carcinoembryonic antigen-like glycoprotein isolated from the colonic lavages of healthy individuals. 7 56

CEA was prepared by combined isoelectric precipitation, ultrafiltration and column chromatography under controlled conditions of pH. The resulting immunologically active materials were higher in carbohydrate (85-87%), N-acetyl galactosamine (10-11.5%) and galactose (28-32%) content than that previously reported. Differences in amino acid yield were also noted; the concentrations of aspartate, serine, glycine and alanine being higher and that of lysine, histidine, arginine, proline, valine, isoleucine, leucine and tyrosine were lower than that reported for CEA prepared by previous methods. The tumor tissues for CEA extraction were obtained from two Group O Rh positive deceased. Neither preparation showed Group A or B activity as measured by hemagglutination inhibition. It is suggested that the method of purification influences the carbohydrate and amino acid yields.
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PMID:Preparation of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) containing significantly increased amounts of galactose and galactosamine. 17 42

A case of watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and hypercalcemia associated with an islet cell tumor was described. A 62-year old man exhibited frequent watery diarrhea and hypokalemia for two years. He had no peptic ulcer and serum gastrin level was normal. His serum calcium was abnormally high and serum phosphate was lowered. He had secretin-like activity in his plasma. Autopsy revealed a small islet cell tumor in the pancreas and several metastatic masses in the liver. Microscopic examination revealed the tumor cell was not beta, alpha nor D cells. By electron microscopy the secretion granules of the tumor cell resembled those of S, M and T cells. It was not possible to decide which of the tree cell types was responsible for the pancreatic cholera.
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PMID:A case of watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and hypercalcemia associated with nonulcerogenic islet cell tumor of the pancreas. 17 23

A man had widespread, slowly evolving vascular lesions since infancy suggestive of the Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome. His son had two painless lesions typical of Multiple Glomus Tumors. Many of the man's nodular lesions were painful. Post-excision recurrences were noted. Histologic studies of asymptomatic tumors from both cases showed irregular, dilated, vascular channels surrounded by narrow mantles of glomus cells, whereas a painful tumor had large foci of glomus cells with wider mantles around the flattened channels. Electron microscopy showed the glomus cells to be modified smooth muscle cells. The anatomy and pathology of glomus tumors are reviewed. Differentiation from other syndromes of multiple hemangiomata, particularly the Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome is stressed. It is suggested that Multiple Glomus Tumors may be derived from simple cutaneous vessels and not the Sucquet-Hoyer canal of the normal cutaneous glomus body described by Masson in 1924.
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PMID:Multiple glomus tumors. 20 11

A patient with disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis was evaluated to elucidate host factors that may have led to the development of this infection. The patient was found to have oat cell carcinoma with hypercortisolism produced by tumor adrenocorticotropic hormone. His serum contained a potent inhibitor of lymphocyte blastogenesis. This patient's high level of endogenous cortisol may have impaired lymphocyte function and thereby facilitated infection with S stercoralis.
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PMID:Disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Association with ectopic ACTH syndrome and depressed cell-mediated immunity. 20 18

A 16-month-old black male infant had unusual thirst, polyuria, hyponatremia, and hypertension. His polyuria was unresponsive to vasopressin therapy, and his high blood pressure was not effectively controlled by antihypertensive drugs. Radiographic examinations revealed an occult Wilms tumor in the right kidney. After removal of the tumor, the signs and symptoms were relieved. The tumor had a renin activity about 280 times that of the adjacent renal cortex, and many intracytoplasmic secretory granules were found on electron microscopy. The pathogenesis of these clinical manifestations appears to be mediated through the physiologic pathways of renin-angiotensin II and renin-aldosterone.
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PMID:Polydipsia, polyuria, and hypertension associated with renin-secreting Wilms tumor. 20 43

A boy aged 9 years and 8 months was evaluated for headache and an enlarged sella. His neurological status and visual fields were normal. After injection of radiographic contrast agent, computerized axial tomography showed evidence of an intrasellar tumor. The most striking endocrine abnormalities were growth hormone insufficiency after arginine infusion and after insulin-induced hypoglycemia, and excessively elevated prolactin levels ranging between 1220 ng/ml and 1560 ng/ml. A slightly granulated, acidophilic pituitary adenoma was selectively removed by the trans-sphenoidal approach. The function of the anterior pituitary improved post-operatively. Growth hormone secretion after insulin-induced hypoglycemia returned to normal, and the basal serum prolactin levels decreased, but are still three times higher than normal.
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PMID:Prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma in a 9 year old boy. 21 87

Calcium gluconate (10 mg Ca(++)/kg) was administered intravenously over a 2-hour period to 16 adult patients who were evaluated for hypoglycemia. In nine of ten patients with benign or malignant insulinomas (eight proven at operation, and two with positive chemical tests and angiographic localization awaiting operation), significant hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia occurred within 60 to 90 minutes after the start of the calcium infusion. Serum proinsulin and Cpeptide concentrations increased at the time of the calciuminduced hyperinsulinemia in several patients in whom these parameters were studied. The one individual who did not respond to the calcium infusion was found to have a benign insulinoma. His basal glucose/insulin ratio of 0.64 was the lowest of the insulinoma group and thus his failure to respond to calcium may indicate that his tumor was secreting maximally at the time of the infusion. Following successful removal of the insulinoma, calcium infusion did not result in changes in serum glucose or insulin concentrations (tested in five patients). In contrast, neither a patient with pathologically documented islet cell hyperplasia, five others with reactive, fupctional or drug-induced hypoglycemia, nor four healthy volunteers showed any changes in circulating glucose or insulin levels while receiving calcium intravenously. Calcium infusion is a safe, rapid and effective provocative test for the diagnosis of insulin-secreting, islet cell tumors of the pancreas.
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PMID:Calcium infusion: a new provocative test for insulinomas. 22 13


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