Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An animal model for IgA immune complex nephritis was developed. IgA immune complexes formed in vitro with an IgA anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) derived from MOPC-315 plasmacytoma, and dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) produced mild focal glomerulonephritis in mice. Similar, but more severe pathological changes were produced with complexes formed in vivo either in normal mice or MOPC-315 tumor-bearing mice. In contrast to the focal nature of the PAS-positive glomerular lesions observed by light microscopy, immunofluorescent examination revealed IgA deposits in all glomeruli. This discrepancy between immunofluorescent and histopathologic findings as well as the distribution of the immune complexes within the affected glomeruli, are some of the features which bear resemblance between this experimental model and human IgA nephropathy. Fixation of complements by DNP-BSA-IgA immune complexes, formed in vitro or in vivo, was shown to occur in the glomeruli of mice with IgA immune complex nephropathy. The pattern of C3 glomerular deposits was similar to that of IgA. However, complement proved to be nonessential for complex deposition. This conclusion is based on the observation that decomplemented mice, although showing no deposition of C3 in their glomerulus, developed glomerular immunohistological changes similar to those observed in experimental mice that were not decomplemented. Polymeric IgA was observed to be critical for renal deposition of complexes and induction of nephritic histological changes. In contrast, monomeric IgA immune complexes failed to produce glomerular deposits. This finding raises the possibility that secretory IgA, which is predominantly polymeric, may play a role in human IgA-associated glomerulonephritis.
 ...
PMID:Experimental IgA nephropathy. 15 31

Except for tumors clearly producing immunoglobulin (e.g. plasma-cytoma), the different classes of malignant lymphomas do not correlate with a constant surface immunoglobulin pattern. Beside a prevailing IgM-surface type in a high number of different lymphoma classes even T-like or O-cells occur in most tumor types provided they are studied in a sufficient number. The possibility of dedifferentiation of immunologic cell qualities has to be envisaged. In this context intracellular lambda-chain crystals occurring in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia may provide a morphological hallmark of anaplastic deterioration of immunoglobulin synthesis. - The ambiguous significance of PAS-positive inclusions and virus-like microtubular complexes in lymphoma cells is discussed. - In conclusion the recent discovery of hairy cell leukaemia provides a good example of the value of nomenclatures based on empiricism rather than on short-lived theories.
 ...
PMID:Morphological classification of malignant lymphomas: ultrastructural, cytochemical and immunological results. 16 21

A case history of a 16-year-old boy with hepatocellular carcinoma and an intermediate deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin (MZ phenotype) is presented. Previous reports have suggested that hepatocellular carcinoma may be associated with the Z variant of antitrypsin and either a severe or intermediate antitrypsin deficiency. The present case is unusual because of the rather high level of the serum trypsin inhibitory capacity for an MZ heterozygote (1.633 units), which may be due to involvement of the liver by the tumor or to a recent partial hepatectomy. PAS-positive antitrypsin globules were seen in the primary tumor and in nodules metastatic to the mesentery, as well as in nonneoplastic portions of the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma is another disease state that may occur preferentially in individuals with either severe or intermediate deficiencies of alpha1-antitrypsin.
 ...
PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma and intermediate alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (MZ phenotype). 16 86

Six cases of primary lung cancer that closely mimic malignant pleural mesothelioma clinically and anatomically are compared with four proven cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Findings on roentgenograms of the chest, clinical history, and gross examination of the lung specimens are not helpful in distinguishing between these two neoplasms. Microscopic examination of the hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissues is often inconclusive. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, PAS with and without diastase treatment (DPAS), mucicarmine, alcian blue, toluidine blue, and colloidal iron with and without digestion by testicular hyaluronidase. Among these histochemical methods, DPAS was found to be particularly useful in distinguishing the primary lung cancers from the mesotheliomas. All primary lung cancers except one showed DPAS-positive material (mucin) in both the cytoplasm of the cancer cells and within the lumina of neoplastic glands. In contrast, none of the mesotheliomas showed the presence of DPAS-positive material. Histologically, all lung cancers were glandular. Five were classified as bronchiolar carcinoma, the remaining one as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. In two of the bronchiolar carcinomas, a small subpleural primary focus was demonstrated. This finding suggests a possible origin of these cancers as a small subpleural tumor that became widely disseminated via the subpleural lymphatics. This form of primary lung cancer possesses sufficient gross and microscopic characteristics that recognition should be given to it as a variant of primary lung cancer, with emphasis on differentiating it from pleural mesothelioma.
 ...
PMID:Pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma of the lung. A variant of peripheral lung cancer. 17 52

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is an extremely rare neoplasm in the teenage or pre-teenage child. Routine pediatric physical examination should include careful examination of the breast and all palpable masses should be excised. Carcinoma occurring in the prepubertal child carries an improved prognosis particularly if the tumor stains PAS-positive. Carcinoma occurring in the postpubertal teenager probably carries the same prognosis as that in the adult and should be treated in a similar manner. The authors discuss such a case occurring in a 13-year-old girl.
 ...
PMID:Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast in the postpubertal adolescent: a case report. 17 11

Cytologic and cytochemical examination of eighteen cases of round-cell sarcoma of bone allowed classification of these tumors into four cytologic groups. Additional cytochemical examinations based on the PAS and D-PAS reactions, and the demonstration of the activity of peroxidase, naphtol-ASD-Chloracetate esterase, alpha-naphthylacetate esterase, naphthol-AS-acetate esterase with and without sodium fluoride inhibition, acid and alkaline phosphatases yielded no evidence of uniform behavior among the individual groups or within any single group. The studies showed that a positive glycogen reaction cannot be used as a basic criterion for the classification of such tumors as Ewing's sarcoma and for regarding them as a uniform tumor group. It is possible that a pool of tumors is involved, including tumors of monocytic and probably of lymphocytic origin, reticulum-cell sarcoma, tumors of myelocytic and erythroplastic origin, stem-cell tumors, and endothelial-cell tumors. Histologic examination alone is not sufficient for the classification of round-cell sarcomas of bone, and it should be supplemented by cytologic and cytochemical or histochemical methods. Osteosarcomas (23 cases) and chondrosarcomas (8 cases) display cells which are characteristic for these tumors and which could be correlated with their benign counterparts, osteoblasts and chondroid cells. The histologically recognizable degree of malignancy of chondrosarcoma can be evaluated better with the cytologic than with the histologic technic. Indications of the possibilities of differential diagnosis based on the cytologic pictures of benign and malignant osteoplastic and chondroplastic tumors, giant-cell tumors and chordoma are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Cytologic and cytochemical behavior of primary malignant bone tumors. 18 69

Thirty-one cases of undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver are presented. The tumor is found predominantly in the pediatric age group, the majority of patients (51.6%) being between 6 and 10 years of age. An abdominal mass and pain are the usual presenting symptoms. Radiographic examination is nonspecific except to demonstrate a space-occupying lesion of the liver. The tumors are large, single, usually globular and well demarcated, and have multiple cystic areas of hemorrhage, necrosis, and gelatinous degeneration. Histologic examination shows a pseudocapsule partially separating the normal liver from undifferentiated sarcomatous cells that, near the periphery of the tumor, surround entrapped hyperplastic or degenerating bile duct-like structures. Eosinophilic globules that are PAS positive are usually found within and adjacent to tumor cells. Areas of necrosis and hemorrhage are prominent. The prognosis is poor, with a median survival of less than 1 year following diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: report of 31 cases. 20 54

An electron microscopic observation on a pancreatic tumor removed from a 34-year-old woman revealed the fine structural morphology of a functional beta cell adenoma. Characteristic PAS positive crystalline structures were frequently observed in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. They were not bounded by a membrane and had a rectangular or irregular hexagonal shape. Highly regular patterns were seen as such as lattice or honeycomb and parallel ripple structures. They are similar to the Reinke's crystal or crystalline structures reported in human hepatocytes suffering from several different diseases and considered as a protein-carbohydrate complex. Occasionally, small paracrystalline structures appeared to indicate an immature type of these structures in the opaque fine fibrillar mass. Crystalline or paracrystalline structures were not detected in the normal pancreatic tissue removed with the tumor from the patient.
 ...
PMID:Crystalline structures in human pancreatic beta cell adenoma. 21 Jun 22

An infiltrative granular cell tumor (myoblastoma) occurred in the superficial parieto-occipital cortex of an ataxic 12-year-old dog. The neoplasm was characterized by cells with numerous small PAS-positive, diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules. The neoplasm also had numerous cells with large globular PAS-positive bodies (angulate bodies). Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells were characterized by numerous homogenous electron-dense, sharply bounded granules and large pleomorphic, indistinctly bounded granules. The angulate bodies were composed of 8- to 10-nm fibrils, a few of which formed parallel arrays or tubule-like structures. This represents the first report of a granular cell tumor in the central nervous system of the dog.
 ...
PMID:Cerebral granular cell tumor (myoblastoma) in a dog: case report and literature review. 21 38

Sixty-nine primary malignant hepatomas were examined for the presence of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alph 1-AT) in tumor cells using immunohistochemical methods. Twenty-eight tumors showed positivity for alpha 1-AT. The reaction was globular and PAS-positive in 12 hepatocellular tumors and thus simulated the pattern of alpha 1-AT accumulation in hepatocytes in subjects carrying the Z-gene for alpha 1-AT. In fact, eight of these 12 tumors presented this pattern in the nontumours liver tissue. In ten hepatocellular tumors the reaction was finely granular throughout the hepatocytic cytoplasm, but was present in only a small number of cells. Still fewer cells were positive in six cholangiocarcinomas. The globular alpha 1-AT in tumor cells may be genetically determined when associated with the Z-gene. A reappearance of fetal gene products may be assumed in three hepatocarcinomas with globules positive for alpha-fetoprotein as well as alpha 1-AT.
 ...
PMID:Demonstration of alpha 1-antitrypsin in hepatomas. 22 16


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>