Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a treatment for his right renal tumor. The abdominal CT scanning revealed a mass in the right kidney, and a right selective renal arteriography demonstrated a hypervascular tumor. On admission, urinalysis revealed proteinuria (3-4 g/day) and microscopic hematuria, and serum electrolytes were normal. Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were 1.6 mg/dl and 30 mg/dl, respectively. A percutaneous right renal biopsy specimens showed crescentic glomerulonephritis. Direct immunofluorescence studies showed strong linear staining for IgG and IgA along the glomerular capillary walls. Electron microscopy showed increased mesangial matrix and swollen epithelial cells, but no dense deposits in the para-mesangial area and in the glomerular basement membrane. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy. Histologic examination of the resected specimen revealed renal cell carcinoma. Postoperatively, he developed rapidly progressive renal failure and the renal function could not be recovered. Using the indirect immunofluorescence technique, we could not confirm the presence of a serum anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody, although the examination could not be carried out until the initiation of hemodialysis therapy. Some cases of glomerulopathies associated with renal cell carcinoma were previously reported, but the case of crescentic glomerulonephritis was very rare.
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PMID:[A case of renal cell carcinoma associated with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]. 228 5

The protective effect of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist, BN 52021, was assessed on cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity. Wistar male rats were treated with either a single dose of CDDP (10 mg/kg b.w. ip) alone or in association with 7 daily doses of BN 52021 (10 mg/kg b.w. ip). At the end of the experiment, the CDDP-treated rats lost 25% of body weight and serum creatinine and urea increased from 0.041 +/- 0.006 mmol/l and 0.165 +/- 0.007 g/l for the control group to 0.202 +/- 0.019 mmol/l and 1.51 +/- 0.131 g/l versus CDDP respectively. Body weight, serum creatinine, serum urea and creatinine clearances were similar to the control group in animals treated with CDDP and BN 52021. CDDP caused proximal tubular necrosis and dilatation of cortical collecting tubes, changes that were markedly less in the BN 52021-protected animals. The concomitant administration of BN 52021 with CDDP did not modify the plasma pharmacokinetic of CDDP. In addition, BN 52021 did not interfere with the antiproliferative and antitumoral actions of CDDP in cultured human tumor cells. BN 52021 therefore could prevent the nephrotoxicity of CDDP.
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PMID:Platelet-activating factor antagonist, BN-52021 protects against cis-diamminedichloroplatinum nephrotoxicity in the rat. 228 69

A phase II trial of intermittent high-dose recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was initiated to evaluate the response rate, remission duration, and toxic effects in patients with measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The rIL-2 was administered as a bolus intravenous infusion at a dose level of 10.0 x 10(6) U/m2 three times weekly, preceded by indomethacin (50 mg orally). Dose reductions of rIL-2 for hypotension and other grade 3 or 4 toxic effects were permitted. Forty-four patients were entered and 41 were eligible. Previous treatment included nephrectomy (23 patients), radiation therapy (seven), and hormone therapy (three). Most toxic effects observed were moderate and included nausea, vomiting, anorexia (85%); hypotension (85%); fever, chills (78%); central nervous system changes (24%); myelosuppression (27%); and creatinine elevation (15%). Four instances of grade 4 toxicity were observed and included nausea, vomiting with dehydration; hypotension; and myocardial infarction. Thirty patients (73%) required dose adjustments because of toxicity. Five responses (12%) were seen, which included one complete and four partial. Sites of response included lung, liver, and soft tissue; the duration of response ranged from 2 to 20+ months. These results demonstrate that this schedule of rIL-2 can be administered in an outpatient setting, and can produce tumor regression in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, including durable complete responses.
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PMID:Phase II trial of high-dose intermittent interleukin-2 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 229 24

A series of platinum complexes of the form cis-M[PtA2(PC)] (I) has been prepared and tested for antitumor activity in mice. Compounds in this series contain either two monodentate amine ligands (A), such as NH3 or isopropylamine, or one bidentate diamine (A2), such as ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, or 1,2-diaminocyclohexane. The PC ligand is a bidentate, O-bound, phosphono carboxylate chelate of the form -O2C(CR1R2)nPO3-, where n = 0 or 1 and R1 and R2 are chosen from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl, or pentanoic acid substituents. The resulting complexes (I) were prepared as the free acids (M = H) or as sodium salts (M = Na). Members of this series have demonstrated good activity in a number of tumor screens. A total of 18 platinum-phosphono carboxylate (Pt-PC) complexes were tested against Sarcoma 180 ascites (S180a) in CFW mice, with 13 analogues showing activity above the 50% ILS level. Antitumor activity was also observed vs L1210 leukemia in CDF1 mice, where six of the 12 compounds tested gave ILS values in the 60-160% range, and vs M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma (sc tumor, iv drug), where four of the four compounds tested gave ILS and T-C values comparable to that of cisplatin. Each of the Pt-PC complexes was characterized by NMR (195Pt, 13C, and 31P), HPLC, and elemental analysis. These compounds, which are anionic at neutral pH, display excellent solubility and stability in aqueous media, such as phosphate-buffered saline and fetal calf serum. On the basis of a comparative study of BUN and serum creatinine levels in treated mice, representative complexes from this series are also less kidney toxic than cisplatin. The results of these studies demonstrate that the platinum-phosphono carboxylate complexes are a promising new class of antitumor agents.
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PMID:cis-diamineplatinum (II) complexes containing phosphono carboxylate ligands as antitumor agents. 229 7

SCC antigen was measured in the serum of 214 patients with benign diseases and in 251 patients with various cancers. With 2.5 micrograms/L as the upper normal limit for serum, values were positive in 2.9% of 69 healthy subjects (I), 29.0% of 214 patients with benign pathologies (II), and 41% of 217 patients with active cancer (III). The highest values in group II were for patients in renal failure (64%) or with lung diseases (40%) or head-and-neck diseases (21.2%). Specificity of SCC increased (91.1%) when we excluded patients in renal failure or with creatinine values greater than 133 mumol/L. In group III, SCC values were abnormal in 57.7% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma, but in only 9.3% of those with other histological types (P less than 0.001). In squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, cervix, or head and neck, SCC values were related to tumor stage, values being highest in patients with metastases.
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PMID:SCC antigen measured in malignant and nonmalignant diseases. 230 69

Systemic chemotherapy using high-dose DDP and its antidote, STS, was combined with the AT-II-induced hypertension method and evaluated for efficacy against s.c. tumors in rats. After i.v. infusion of DDP plus AT-II for 5 min, STS was administered i.v. over a further 5 min. The rats treated with this combination chemotherapy showed normal levels of BUN and serum creatinine 4 days after the treatment, although most rats given i.v. STS after DDP without AT-II showed severe nephrotoxicity. The absence of obvious nephrotoxicity in AT-II-combined chemotherapy using i.v. DDP plus post-administered STS can be explained by a transient inhibition of DDP-delivery to the kidney during the AT-II-induced hypertension. The anti-tumor effect of this modified therapy, evaluated by inhibition of tumor growth, was superior to other treatments, as follows: concomitant i.v. administrations of DDP and STS; i.v. DDP, with or without AT-II. The improvement in anti-tumor effect of this combination therapy is explained by the delayed neutralization of active DDP by STS at the tumor site and the selective enhancement of DDP delivery to the tumor tissue, as produced by AT-II. Thus, systemic chemotherapy using high-dose DDP induced no obvious nephrotoxicity and improved the anti-cancer effect in the case of concomitant administration of DDP plus AT-II and the time-delayed injection of STS.
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PMID:Systemic chemotherapy in tumor-bearing rats using high-dose cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) with low nephrotoxicity in combination with angiotensin II and sodium thiosulfate. 233 97

We have previously reported that daunomycin rats can be used as an experimental model of chronic renal failure. We have since studied whether the result were reproducible by repeating the experiment. In this experiment we used larger numbers of rats and many more parameters of investigation compared with the previous experiment. The period of observation was extended to 42 weeks. Twenty-one female Wistar rats were given an injection of 12 mg/Kg of daunomycin into the jugular vein by the one-shot method. Ten control rats were injected with physiological saline. Eighteen daunomycin rats developed chronic renal failure within the observation period. Renal failure was confirmed by the levels of BUN and creatinine, the uremic peak 2a and the pathological findings. One rat died from a tumor and another rat died from thrombosis of the descending aorta. In only one rat was not at the level defined as chronic renal failure, although it was impaired even in this case. There was a correlation between the lifespan of the daunomycin rats and the amount of urine protein at 4 weeks. Rats with heavy proteinuria at 4 weeks died of uremia at an early age. There was a variety of evidence of daunomycin damage when rats were autopsied, not only in the renal glomeruli but also in the pancreas, liver and spleen. Some parts of the pancreas and liver showed vacuolated cells. We supposed that these various changes of many internal organs of daunomycin rats were secondary changes for chronic renal failure. We reconfirmed that daunomycin rats can be used as an experimental model of chronic renal failure.
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PMID:[Daunomycin rats. Second Report. Is it possible to use daunomycin rats as an experimental model of chronic renal failure?]. 235 57

Four male patients with invasive bladder cancer, 44 to 68 years old in age, underwent bladder replacement with ileum after radical cystectomy. In three patients an ileal segment alone was isolated for construction of neobladder, and in the fourth patient, the terminal portion of the ileum, the cecum and the proximal part of the ascending colon were isolated for the bladder replacement. In all the cases isolated segments were detubularized for obtaining a low pressure reservoir. All the patients, except one who had a past history of cerebro-vascular disease and was performing intermittent self-catheterization because of a kind of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia of the ileal-neobladder, are now enjoying almost the same voluntary urination as before the operation. Serum creatinine, BUN and electrolytes are all normal during the postoperative observation period, although a very slight metabolic acidosis was observed in 3 patients. Ten to 16 months have passed without any complications and all the patients are alive without any sign of tumor recurrence or metastatic involvement.
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PMID:[Four cases of bladder replacement by enterocystoplasty after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer]. 235 26

Urinary electrolytes, pH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid and osmolarity were measured in patients with bladder tumors and compared with those of a control group. There were 41 bladder tumor patients ranging in age from 29 to 87 (average 64) years with a male:female ratio of 32:9. According to histopathological classification of the bladder tumors, there were 34 transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) (21 G1, 10 G2, 3 G3), four squamous cell carcinomas, two adenocarcinomas and one inverted papilloma. The control group comprised 29 patients ranging in age from 35 to 80 (average 63) years with a male:female ratio of 26:3. Four urine samples were collected from each patient: early morning on the day of admission, just after admission, early morning on the day of return to hospital after temporary discharge, immediately after return to hospital after temporary discharge. The results indicated that the urinary Ca2+ and uric acid values were significantly lower in the bladder tumor group than in the control group. The urinary pH tended to be somewhat higher than in the control group, and the pH values tended to be especially high in the TCC G3 patients. There were differences in the various urinary properties between the TCC G1 and G2 and the TCC G3 patients.
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PMID:Various urinary properties in bladder tumor patients. 237 Jun 94

Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, followed by definitive surgery and/or radiotherapy was utilized in nine patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus starting in December, 1983. They were treated with combination chemotherapies which included CDDP, PEP (BLM), and MTX. The patients' ages ranged from 52 to 70 years with an average of 57. The histologic types were all squamous cell carcinoma and performance status was 1 in all cases. There were 7 stage III and 2 stage IV. Of 9 patients, 3 showed complete response and 6 showed partial response of the primary tumor with an overall response rate of 100%. Of 8 patients, 3 showed complete response and 2 showed partial response of the metastatic node with an overall response rate of 62.5%. Toxic effects included alopecia in 9 patients, nausea/vomiting in 7, eczema in 4, RBC below 350 X 10(4)/mm3 in 5, WBC below 3000/mm3 in 1, peak serum creatinine above 2 mg/dl in 1. All patients except one with renal toxicity were able to start definitive treatment soon after chemotherapy, the primary and regional lesions being subsequently well controlled in all 9 patients. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy appears to be very effective for the reduction of tumor bulk. This multidisciplinary therapy should be expected to increase survival rate.
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PMID:[A neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for carcinomas of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus]. 240 26


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