Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A method for the isolation of HLA antigen molecules from normal and cancerous solid human tissue is described. The method employs anti-beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) antiserum coupled to Sepharose beads as an immunosorbent affinity medium. The anti-beta2m affinity chromatography procedure greatly purifies and selectively enriches HLA and any material that copurifies by affinity, with beta2m and/or HLA molecules. The HLA isolated by this purification procedure was used to immunize rabbits. The antisera obtained were absorbed on beta2m to remove all anti-beta2m antibody activity. The use of such anti-HLA antisera in radioimmunoassays, immunoprecipitation studies, and F(ab')2 blocking experiments demonstrated that these antisera are directed against a common HLA determinant present on the heavy (alloantigen-bearing) chain of all HLA molecules. The use of an identical procedure employing human tumor tissues has resulted in the isolation of HLA-like or HLA-associated tumor-specific antigens as demonstrated by the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay.
Cancer 1978 Sep
PMID:Isolation of HLA and tumor antigens by means of affinity chromatography employing anti-beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) antiserum. 8 11

Evidence has been reported for at least two common tumor-associated antigens, or antigenic determinants, in human cystadenocarcinomas of the ovary that are apparently absent in tissues of normal reproductive organs. These antigenic determinants are immunologically distinct from carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, ferritins and histocompatibility antigens. One of these two ovarian cystadenocarcinoma-associated antigens (OCAA) is not detectable in any ovarian carcinomas except serous or mucinous types, other gynecologic or nongynecologic malignancies thus far tested, while the second antigen is present in about 90% of all gynecologic tumors and occasionally in breast and colon tumors. OCAA has been purified and partially characterized. It is a high molecular weight glycoprotein which carries the unique ovarian tumor-specific antigenic determinant along with some normal cross-reacting determinants. High levels of this glycoprotein antigen have been detected in the sera of ovarian cancer patients with advanced disease by the radioimmunoassay inhibition technique. The serial determination of circulating OCAA appeared to correlate with tumor volume as well as the clinical status of the patients.
Cancer 1978 Sep
PMID:Ovarian tumor antigens. 8 12

Colon-specific antigen-p, or CSAp, was originally extracted from GW-39 tumors, which are human colonic carcinomas serially transplanted in golden hamsters, and antibodies to CSAp have been produced in the same animal hosts. By means of immunodiffusion and a hemagglutination-inhibition assay, CSAp has been found to be restricted to adult and fetal small intestine, neoplastic gastric and colonic tissues, inflamed colon, and cystic mucinous tumors of the ovary. CSAp was shown to be distinct from blood group antigens, including Lea and Leb blood group substances, liver ferritin, AFP, CEA, CSA, CMA, ZGM, and BOFA, and to have the electrophoretic mobility of an alpha2-globulin. Gel filtration studies indicated that CSAp in GW-39 tumor, primary human colonic carcinoma, and ovarian cancer mucinous cyst fluid had a peak molecular size range of 70,000--110,000. Quantitation of CSAp in 214 tissue specimens by the hemagglutination-inhibition assay revealed a progressive increase in fetal, inflamed, and neoplastic intestine, such that CSAp in colonic tumors was increased over normal colon tissue. Thus, CSAp appears to be an organ-specific antigen showing increased levels in some gastrointestinal and ovarian neoplasms, as well as in specimens with colitis.
Cancer 1978 Sep
PMID:Further characterization of CSAp, an antigen associated with gastrointestinal and ovarian tumors. 8 13

Glycolipid A1 isolated from Mycobacterium bovis BCG, when dissolved in olive oil and injected together with Line 10 transplantable hepatoma cells, is able to elicit a host response which results in the abrogation or retardation of tumor growth in syngeneic guinea pigs. Glycolipid A1 does not have adjuvant activity for delayed type hypersensitivity, and antibodies to A1 have not been detected in the sera of guinea pigs during or after the tumor abrogation induced by A1 injection Glycolipid A1 does not share antigenic determinants with Line 10 cell lipid fractions. The possible role of the granuloma response elicited by A1 in controlling tumor growth is discussed.
Infect Immun 1978 Sep
PMID:Antitumor activity of mycobacterial glycolipid A1. 8 9

beta2m was determined by radioimmunoassay in 43 serums from healthy blood donors. Serum concentrations varied from 0.67 to 1.9 mg/l with a mean of 1.29 mg/l. Reproductibility and sensitivity of the method were evaluated. 66 patients with advanced neoplasia were studied. Serum beta2m was greater than 2 mg/l in 70% of the cases and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 54%. In 26 documented cases with tumor progression and 14 with regression, associated variations of CEA were formed more frequent and of greater magnitude than those of beta2m.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1978 Sep
PMID:[Comparative study of carcino-embryonic antigen and beta2-microglobulin. Methodological study and clinical interpretation (author's transl)]. 8 78

Significant increase of plasma level beta2-microglobulin in cancer patients (breast, bronchus, colorectal and ENT) occurs rarely. More, the highest levels observed are within the range of non malignant diseases. We cannot assume that beta2-microglobulin assay will be useful as tumor marker.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1978 Sep
PMID:[Determination of beta2-microglobulin in breast, lung, colorectal and ENT carcinoma (author's transl)]. 8 82

The concentrations of immuno-reactive beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the cystic fluid (CF) of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumours (gliomas, n = 5; craniopharyngiomas, n = 5) and in the culture medium of established cell lines derived from CNS tumors. These data are compared with plasma and CSF values of beta2m in normal subjects (n = 15) and in a group of peripheral solid tumors (metastatic breast carcinomas, n = 9). In the control group the absence of correlation between plasma and CSF values, suggests an independant production of beta2m in the two compartments considered. The capacity of CNS tumor cells to synthesize beta2m is demonstrated in vitro. In vitro beta-2m concentrations in the CF embryonic tumors (craniopharyngiomas) is significantly more elevated than in non malignant astrocytomas.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1978 Sep
PMID:Distribution of beta2-microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid and in cystic fluid of brain tumors. A preliminary study. 8 92

Tumor development, MOPC-315 stem cells, and M315-secretory cells were quantitated in carrier-primed BALB/c mice that had been challenged subcutaneously or i.v. with mixtures of TNP-carrier and TNP-binding MOPC-315 cells. We observed that tumor incidence, myeloma stem cells, and secretory myeloma cells were: i) suppressed in mice in whom carrier-specific suppressor T cells had previously been induced and ii) initially ehnahced in mice with carrier-specific helper T cells. The early enhancement in mice with carrier-specific helper T cells was followed by progressively declining myeloma stem cell frequencies and regression of established tumors. These studies demonstrate that T cell-derived immunoregulators of host origin can be focused onto localized and disseminated malignant B cells and specifically regulate the expansion and differentiation of the neoplastic clone.
J Immunol 1979 Sep
PMID:Immunoregulation of localized and disseminated murine myeloma: antigen-specific regulation of MOPC-315 stem cell proliferation and secretory cell differentiation. 8 59

The binding of human natural killer (NK) cells to their tumor cell targets was investigated by using monolayers of sensitive target cell lines. Monolayers of K562 and HSB, a myeloid and T cell line, respectively, were prepared on poly-L-lysine-coated plastic tissue culture dishes and briefly fixed with 0.2% formaldehyde. Freshly isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were incubated on the monolayers. Nonadherent PBL were then removed, after gentle agitation, by decanting and gently washing the monolayer. They were tested, along with unseparated controls, for NK activity in a short-term 51Cr release assay. PBL that were nonadherent to a tested monolayer had only 20 to 60% of the control cytotoxic activity. Our results suggest that NK recognition sites on the effector lymphocytes were able to interact with reciprocal determinants on the target cell monolayers, resulting in selective loss of NK effector cells from the PBL population. The specificity of the NK effector-target interaction was investigated by testing the ability of each monolayer to remove activity against both targets. These data imply heterogeneity with regard to recognition structure within the NK effector population as well as among the target cells.
J Immunol 1979 Sep
PMID:Depletion of NK by cellular immunoadsorption. 8 60

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of six patients with histologically verified intracranial germ-cell tumors were assayed serially for the presence of alphafetoprotein (AFP) and the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Two patients had embryonal carcinomas, two had choriocarcinomas, and two had dysgerminomas. The marker profile for a given tumor in either CSF or serum correlated with the histological diagnosis; that is, embryonal carcinoma produced AFP and HCG, choriocarcinoma produced HCG, and dysgerminoma produced no markers. The marker levels in serum and CSF declined with therapy and rose usually prior to the development of overt clinical symptoms if the patient's tumor recurred. A CSF-to-serum gradient of the marker levels was present in three of four patients, and the serum levels were often normal when the CSF values were elevated. Ventricular marker levels were lower than the lumbar levels in two of two patients. The assay of these biological markers is a sensitive indicator of the success of therapy, and the presence of a CSF-to-serum gradient suggests that the major portion of the neoplasm rests within the central nervous system. A histological diagnosis can be inferred without the necessity of surgery in appropriate clinical contexts.
J Neurosurg 1979 Sep
PMID:Alphafetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin determination in cerebrospinal fluid. An aid to the diagnosis and management of intracranial germ-cell tumors. 8 91


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