Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

"Fingerprints" of 0.9% NaCl solution extracts obtained from fetal guts and individual adenocarcinoma of the colon show a randomized pattern of expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determinants by CEA radioimmunoassay and isoelectric focusing. All CEA-containing antigens found in a pool of 20 primary adenomas were found at some stage in fetal development. No single CEA-reacting peak was typical of any one period of fetal development. When fetal gut profiles were grouped according to trimester in utero, however, an expanded gene pool was found in the second trimester which correlates well with maximum gastrointestinal growth and differentiation. Isoelectric focusing-CEA radioimmunoassay profiles of individual primary adenomas were similar to but never identical with individual fetal gut profiles. "Fingerprints" of metastatic adenomas of entodermal origin showed quantitative and qualitative increases in molecules with CEA determinants unlike these latter categories. Such data suggest that both integrator and controller gene activities may be lost in metastatic disease. Rather than "phase-specific gene sets" on different chromosomes being activated by various oncogenic modalities, it is more probable that individual chromosomes are involved in oncogenesis. While more data are needed to confirm this idea, it is safe to say that the expression of molecules with CEA determinants need not be caused by either derepressive or reexpressive gene activation. These data point to the individuality of gene expression of molecules with CEA determinants both in fetal development and in early neoplasia. Since CEA-reacting molecules were not found in tumors of ectodermal or mesodermal origin by these methods, such products should be termed carcino-developmental antigens of entodermal or colonic origin.
Cancer Res 1976 Sep
PMID:Gene activation of molecules with carcinoembryonic antigen determinants in fetal development and in adenocarcinoma of the colon. 6 12

Bencyclane hydrogen fumarate (Fludilat) was tested on the stickiness of tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. It was intended to determine whether Fludilat reduced the cancer cell stickiness in vitro, and if the survival time of cancer cell carrying animals can be increased with Fludilat in vivo, or in combination with a cytostatic. For the in vitro trials, concentrations from 0.001 mg/ml to 1 mg/ml medium were chosen. The survival trial on NMRI-mice with Nemeth-Kellner lymphosarcoma was performed in three groups, each with 4-5 sub-groups: Control group--Fludilat 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg/kg bodyweight, Bleomycin--50 mg/kg bodyweight, 100 mg/kg bodyweight, 250 mg/kg bodyweight, Bleomycin 50 mg/kg bodyweight + Fludilat 5 mg/kg bodyweight, Bleomycin 100 mg/kg + Fludilat 10 mg/kg bodyweight, Bleomycin 250 mg/kg + Fludilat 20 mg/kg bodyweight. The sequence of deaths was determined, and the 50% survival time was taken as criterium for the effect of the treatment. The in vitro trials showed a complete removal of the monolayer of the tumor cells from the bottom of the culture flask, in doses of 0.01-1 mg/ml medium. In the in vivo trial an increase in the 50% survival time could be achieved in all groups. The results of combined therapy of Fludilat and Bleomycin were striking. In comparison to the control animals, the treated animals showed that the occurrence of solid abdominal metastases from the Nemeth-Kellner lymphosarcoma could be almost completely prevented, especially at high doses. The Ca++-antagonistic effect, in changing the surface of the cells, is discussed as a mechanism of action.
Fortschr Med 1976 Sep 16
PMID:[The effect of bencyclane hydrogen fumarate (Fludilate) on the adhesion of tumor cells in vivo and in vitro]. 6 34

Four cell lines, SK-N-SH, SK-N-MC, SK-N-BE(2), and IMR-32, established in vitro from tumor tissue of patients with neuroblastoma were analyzed by trypsin-Giemsa banding methods. In two of the lines a large, abnormally staining chromosome region was observed. This "homogeneously staining region" (HSR) was considerably longer than any of the bands present in normal human cells and, as revealed by both G- and Q-banding, stained with an intermediate intensity. It was located on chromosomes No 6, 10, 17, or 19 of the SK-N-BE(2) cell line and on chromosome No 1 of the IMR-32 line. In concurrent studies, long HSR's were also observed in Chinese hamster sublines that had been exposed to and had developed high levels of resistance to methotrexate or methasquin and high levels of activity of target enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. For several sublines with the highest levels of enzyme activity, approximately 2% of the total cell protein was dihydrofolate reductase. Of 13 independently derived sublines with acquired resistance to antifolate, only those 7 with greater than 100-fold increases in enzyme activity consistently exhibited HSR's. These regions comprised 2-5% of the total length of the chromosome complement and were specifically localized, as demonstrated by G-banding. Analysis of chromosome replication patterns of the HSR in human neuroblastoma and in drug-resistant Chinese hamster cells by tritiated thymidine radioautography indicated that the long, abnormally staining region replicated relatively rapidly and synchronously and terminated replication before the midpoint of the S phase. The HSR thus appeared to represent a novel chromosome abnormality that may be present in cells with specialized functions. Drug-resistant Chinese hamster cells were characterized by overproduction of target enzyme, whereas human neuroblastoma cells had phenotypes of normal neuronal cells. Whether the HSR is transcriptionally active was not elucidated.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Sep
PMID:A novel chromosome abnormality in human neuroblastoma and antifolate-resistant Chinese hamster cell lives in culture. 6 55

During the last 20 years, particularly in Europe, high dosage radiation therapy was primarily advocated and secondarily surgical amputation. Today, the earliest possible surgical elimination is considered to be the most sensible. This need not necessarily take the form of a mutilating procedure since, on the basis of American statistics, the results of resection procedures can be considered to be equally good. In each case, the diagnosis must be histologically clarified by biopsy before drastic surgery. In the context of a plan of therapy which is individually discussed among surgeons, radiation therapists and internists, additional tasks such as metastasectomy and stabilizing procedures in tumor-induced fractures fall to the surgeon. While it is still too early for a survey, we nevertheless hope that the positive aspects of combined therapy in our individual cases will increasingly benefit the total number of patients with malignant bone tumors - even if only in the form of a prolongation of life with less symptoms.
Rontgenblatter 1976 Sep
PMID:[Operative therapy for primary malignant bone tumors (author's transl)]. 6 78

A report concerning the follow-up examinations of the 14 patients with rectum cancer from the University Surgical Clinic in Innsbruck, Austria, who from 1961-1974 were operated on using Hochenegg's technique. Interestingly enough, it was noticed that when the height of the anastomosis was less than 5 cm from the anal ring, a partial incontinence appeared (in 3 of the 14 patients) and when it was more than 5 cm from the anal ring, a total continence was assured. A relapse was observed three times in the tumor cases type C2 and D (Duke). Post-operative complications occurred in 4 cases, none being life-threatening. The indications of this technique will be discussed.
Chirurg 1976 Sep
PMID:[Clinical aspects of Hochenegg's draft procedure]. 6 44

The chemotherapeutic action of Bleomycin, applied at a dosage which induced only a non-specific tumor inhibition on HRS-sarcoma, was potentiated by combination with inosine. This combination, without increasing toxicity, effected both a significant tumor inhibition and a significant curative action.
Cancer Lett 1975 Sep
PMID:Potentiation of the chemotherapeutic action of bleomycin by combination with inosine on HRS-sarcoma. 6 12

The suppression of tumor-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity by human immunoregulatory alpha-globulin (IRA), by a peptide fraction derived from IRA, and by IRA-like peptides from the serum of cancer patients was studied in a syngeneic murine tumor-host system. Splenic lymphocytes from tumor-immunized mice were cytotoxic specific tumor cells in vitro as measured by the [125]-iododeoxyuridine release microcytotoxicity assay. However, this effect was significantly depressed if 1.25 to 5 mg of IRA per ml were added to the cultures. Pooled lyophilized normal human serum protein was inactive. IRA peptide and IRA-like peptide fractions from cancer patients were also highly suppressive of cell-mediated cytotoxicity at much lower concentrations (0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml). Control human serum peptide, which failed to inhibit the induction of hemolytic plaque-forming cells in sheep erythrocyte-injected mice, had no effect on cell-mediated cytotoxicity. IRA and IRA-like peptide fractions were not cytotoxic to the effector lymphocytes or to the target cells at the concentrations used.
Cancer Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Suppression of tumor-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity by immunoregulatory alpha-globulin and by immunoregulatory alpha-globulin-like peptides from cancer patients. 6 89

Sections were taken from the center, midzone, and margin of four human osteogenic sarcomas and one fibrosarcoma. Single-cell suspensions of tumors were examined in an indirect immunofluorescence assay with autologous or homologous anti-osteogenic sarcoma antisera as the intermediate reactant and fluorescein-labeled anti-human IgG as the final reactant. Cells were stained under conditions in which the fluorescence intensity was directly proportional to the density of the tumor-associated antigen on these cells. The density of tumor-associated antigen on cells from the center of the five tumor masses was low; cells from the midzone had intermediate levels of tumor antigen density, and cells at the margin had the highest levels. Similar preparations stained with polyspecific anti-HLA antisera did not demonstrate such a gradient. Since osteogenic sarcomas grow outward from the center, with the outer margin populated by the youngest cells, these results suggest that the oldest cells in the tumor bear the least tumor antigen, and the youngest tumor cells have the most. This is not compatible with theories which postulate that the immune system modulates the growth of a tumor so that only the least antigenic cells are allowed to grow. Alternative mechanisms are discussed.
Cancer Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Antigenic differences among osteogenic sarcoma tumor cells taken from different locations in human tumors. 6 91

Northern poke lymphosarcoma DNA polymerase was partially purified from particulate fractions banding at 1.15 to 1.16 g/ml from homogenates prepared from frozen necropsies of tumor-bearing pike. The enzyme behaves as a typical reverse transcriptase, in that it prefers ribotemplates to deoxytemplates. The isoelectric point (pl 5.5) is similar to that of avian myeloblastosis virus polymerase. The pike enzyme elutes from a phosphocellulose column at 0.22 M potassium phosphate, the same as avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase. The enzyme activity is inhibited by pyran, a specific inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. The most striking difference between the pike lymphoma polymerase and the other viral DNA polymerases tested is the low maximum temperature of 20 degrees, compared to 30 degrees for Rauscher leukemia virus polymerase and 38 degrees for avian myeloblastosis virus and Rous sarcoma virus.
Cancer Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Presence of DNA polymerase in lymphosarcoma in northern pike (Esox lucius). 6 92

Tumor-specific transplantation antigen (TSTA) was solubilized from cell membranes of sarcoma Meth-A with non-ionic detergent Nonidet P40. Soluble TSTA was partially characterized by chromatographic separation and electrophoresis. The antigen responsible for tumor rejection activity had a molecular weight of approximately 70,000 daltons in the presence of detergent and an electrophoretic mobility of alpha-globulin. TSTA was well separated from mouse histocompatibility antigen H-2 by a sequence of procedures, including gel filtration, lectin affinity chromatography, column electrophoresis, and rechromatography on agarose, showed only three major bands on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. TSTA was specific for sarcoma Meth-A.
Cancer Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Biological and biochemical properties of Nonidet P40-solubilized and partially purified tumor-specific antigens of the transplantation type from plasma membranes of a methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma. 6 94


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