Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A well documented sporadic case of multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA) type I, with the pituitary tumour presenting as a prolactinoma, is described in a 28-year-old female. Primary amenorrhoea, resulting from hyperprolactinaemia, was the first symptom of the polyglandular neoplasia. A gastrinoma was removed from the head of the pancreas and latent hyperparathyroidism appeared to be present. Treatment with bromocriptine was poorly tolerated; neurosurgical intervention was refused by the patient. The possibility that a serum prolactin determination may be useful in detecting pituitary involvement in MEA deserves consideration.
Postgrad Med J 1978 Sep
PMID:A case of multiple endocrine adenomatosis with primary amenorrhoea. 3 10

The enzymes involved in conversion of pregnenolone to testosterone in Leydig cell tumors showed a wide distribution among smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and cytosol, while these enzymatic activities in normal testes were associated primarily with smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Progesterone, used as a substrate in the presence of an NADPH-generating system, was metabolized to androstenedione and finally to testosterone by microsomes from some strains of tumor which did not form testosterone from exogenous labeled androstenedione. Treatment of microsomal membranes from normal testes with 0.1 M Ca++ and Mg++ caused a marked decrease in 17 beta-dehydrogenase activity, measured as conversion of exogenous [3H]androstenedione to [3H]-testosterone, without serious effects on activities of 3 beta-ol-dehydrogenase or 17 alpha-hydroxylase. Studies of initial velocity kinetics showed that treatment with magnesium ion resulted in a marked reduction in affinity of androstenedione for 17 beta-dehydrogenase while the maximum velocity was the same as in untreated microsomes. Also, experiments using [14C]progesterone and [3H]androstenedione simultaneously as substrates demonstrated that treatment with Mg++ ion made it more difficult for exogenous [3H]androstenedione to reach the active site of 17 beta-ol-dehydrogenase than [14C]androstenedione formed in the microsomal membrane from [14C]progesterone. Microsomal proteins were more easily solubilized and 3 beta-ol-dehydrogenase was more severely influenced by Mg++ ion in tumor membranes than in normal microsomes.
Endocrinology 1978 Sep
PMID:The possible roles of membrane organization in the activity of androgen biosynthetic enzymes associated with normal or tumorous mouse Leydig cell microsomes. 3 99

A specific collagenase (EC 3.4.24.3) has been found and purified from serum-free culture medium of 11095 epidermoid carcinoma of rat prostate. The molecular weight of this collagenase was estimated at 71 000 and the pH optimum was approx. 7. At 26 degrees C, the collagenase cleaved collagen at a site 3/4 the length from the N-terminus. At 37 degrees C, this collagenase degraded collagen to smaller peptides. The enzyme activity was inhibited by serum, cysteine and EDTA, but not by protease inhibitors. The presence of collagenase in rat tumor tissue suggests that this enzyme might play a significant role in tissue invasion by cancer cells.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1979 Sep 12
PMID:Collagenase activity in cultures of rat prostate carcinoma. 3 9

Long-chain alcohols are synthesized in the mouse preputial gland tumor (ESR-586) by NADPH:acyl-CoA oxidoreductase. In this study, a series of labeled acids was tested as substrates for the oxidoreductase in a cell-free system from the tumor, and the distribution of label into alcohols, waxes, and other products was determined. The system contained the labeled acid, an acyl-CoA-generating system, an NADPH-generating system, and tumor homogenate. The highest rates of alcohol synthesis were obtained with palmitic (16:0), heptadecanoic (17:0), stearic (18:0), myristic (14:0), elaidic (18:1 trans), and linoleic (18:2) acids, which yielded, respectively, 151, 124, 102, 76, 65, and 35 pmol alcohol/min per mg protein. Decanoic (10:0), lauric (12:0), oleic (18:1 cis), linolenic (18:3), arachidonic (20:4), and behenic (22:0) acids all gave lower activities. Acyl-CoA formation did not appear to be rate limiting with any of the substrates tested except behenic acid. In addition to the fatty alcohol product, a small amount of fatty aldehyde was formed in the system. Incorporation of the labeled fatty acids into wax esters was examined and the distribution of label between the alcohol and acid components of the waxes was determined. Incubation of [1-(14)C]palmitic acid yielded 3.4% free alcohol, 8.3% alcohol esterified in waxes, and 7.7% palmitoyl groups esterified into waxes, whereas, at the other extreme, [1-(14)C]linolenic acid yielded 0.8%, 0.6%, and 38%, respectively, into the homologous components.-Wykle, R. L., B. Malone, and F. Snyder. Acyl-CoA reductase specificity and synthesis of wax esters in mouse preputial gland tumors.
J Lipid Res 1979 Sep
PMID:Acyl-CoA reductase specificity and synthesis of wax esters in mouse preputial gland tumors. 3 66

This paper reports that the ionophore-induced slow-reacting substance (SRS) from mast cell tumor leukocytes is a member of a group of compounds called leukotrienes. Briefly, murine mastocytoma cells treated with calcium ionophore produced a SRS that caused guinea pig ileum to contract. This response could be reversed by an SRS antagonist, FPL 55712. Based on osotope incorporation experiments, spectrophotometry, and chemical degradation analyses, the SRS was identified. It is a cysteine-containing derivative of 5-hydroxy-7,9,11,14-icosatetraenoic acid, which was attached in a thioether linkage at C-6. The SRS was structurally related to previously identified epoxy and dihydroxy metabolites of arachidonic acid in leukocytes. The leukotrienes have the common feature of the presence of a conjugated triene. Leukotriene A is an intermediate in the formation of leukotriene B, and is proposed to be the precursor also of leukotriene C, the SRS chemically identified in this paper.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979 Sep
PMID:Leukotriene C: a slow-reacting substance from murine mastocytoma cells. 4 Dec 40

A localized graft-versus-host reaction was used to assess the cellular immunity of mice supporting progressive growth of an allogeneic tumor. It was found that early in tumor development anti-tumor-cellular-mediated immunity was hyper-responsive, and that adherent phagocytic cells isolated from the neoplasm would inhibit the specific immunological response. Based on these observations and indirect inference it was postulated that a major factor in the success of an immunogenic tumor is the coterminous development of a normal adherent phagocytic cell population which specifically nullifies, in situ, cellular-mediated anti-tumor immunity.
Med Hypotheses 1979 Sep
PMID:Suppressor adherent phagocytic cells in solid tumors: a postulated escape mechanism. 4 40

An in vitro cell line (SGT) derived from a mouse submaxillary gland adenocarcinoma (TGS) containing A and B viral particles maintained its oncogenicity only for newborn isogeneic hosts (C3H/He mice) immunosuppressed with antithymocyte serum. Inoculation into adult isogeneic animals did not cause tumor but provided partial protection against a challenge with TGS cells. The loss of oncogenicity for nonimmunosuppressed isogeneic hosts was accompanied by the acqusition of oncogenicity for adult, nonimmunosuppressed, xenogeneic hosts (golden hamsters) given subcutaneous inoculations of SGT cells on the back. From the tumor grown in the hamster, which is histologically similar to the original tumor of the mouse, an in vitro cell line (HWS) was derived. The comparative analysis of the 2 cell lines, SGT and HWS, led to the following conclusions: (a) the karyological pattern of the 2 cell lines in virtually the same; (b) the cell surface antigenic pattern is similar for the 2 cell lines, as determined by colony inhibition test and cytotoxicty test; (c) the cells of the HWS line behave serologically as a mouse-hamster hybrid, also as determined by colony inhibition and cytotoxicity tests; (d) both cell lines have only intracytoplasmic viral particles of the A type; and (e) agglutination with the plant lectins concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin occurs at lower concentrations of agglutinin for HWS cells than for SGT cells.
Cancer Res 1975 Sep
PMID:Viral expression, oncogenicity, and antigenicity of a mouse salivary gland tumor and two cell lines derived from it. 5 Jan 30

The studies were undertaken to determine whether the cat, a mammalian species that carries xenotropic endogenous C-type virus(es) and in addition undergoes horizontally transmitted oncogenic C-type RNA tumor virus infections, responds immunologically to the mammalian C-type virus interspecies antigens. Sera from normal cats and from cats with spontaneous or virus-induced neoplasms were examined for antibodies to interspecies antigen antigen by complement-fixation inhibition, by inhibition of the paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique (PRILAT inhibition), and by two-step radioimmunoelectrophoresis. Using three separate complement-fixation inhibition systems designed to detect antibodies to interspecies antigen(s), 23 of 23 sera from tumor-bearing cats and 24 of 31 sera from normal cats were positive in both systems. The negative sera were from germ-free cats. Among the 49 positive sera, 47 yielded titers of 1:16 or greater by one or more complement-fixation inhibition tests. Of these 47 sera, 42 were positive by the paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique inhibition test; the 5 paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique-negative sera were from normal specific-pathogen-free cats. Direct reaction with the interspecies determinant on the p30 protein from Rauscher murine leukemia virus by immunoglobulin from cats immunized with feline leukemia virus was shown by two-step radioimmunoelectrophoresis. The feline antibody was also identified as an immunoglobulin by column chromatography and two-step radioimmunoelectrophoresis. These antibodies did not fix guinea pig complement during reaction with the interspecies antigen. That other mammals may produce similar noncomplement-fixing (guinea pig) antibodies to RNA tumor virus antigens is likely.
Cancer Res 1975 Sep
PMID:Antibody in cats to mammalian RNA tumor virus interspecies antigens. 5 Jan 33

Normal peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) were activated as suspension cultures either in mediator-rich supernatants from o-chlorobenzoyl-bovine gamma-globulin (OCB-BGG) stimulated lymphocytes or in antigen-free Sephadex fractions from these supernants. After 24 hr incubation thration. The adherent cell fractions of PEC, recovered by trypsinization from monolayers and activated by this technique, were as cytotoxic as unfractionated PEC. Lymphocyte supernatants and antigen-free fractions of the supernatants induced comparable macrophage-mediated tumor cytotoxicity. Treatment of activated macrophages with trypsin did not alter their cytotoxic capacity.
J Immunol 1975 Sep
PMID:Macrophages activated as suspension cultures with lymphocyte mediators devoid of antigen become cytotoxic for tumor cells. 5 Mar 73

The authors studied normal human skin reactions to two different rapid radiotherapy schedules of 2 sessions per day and evaluated their effectiveness in relief of pain and local tumor control. Patients were randomized to three treatment groups: SCHEDULE A (control): conventional one treatment per day regimen totalling 3,760 rads in 22-23 days; SCHEDULE B: 2 sessions per day totalling 3,440 rads in 10-11 days; and SCHEDULE C: 2 sessions per day totalling 3,568 rads in 10-11 days. The pattern and magnitude of skin reactions in the three schedules are nearly identical but tumor regression and pain relief were achieved faster in the rapid fractionation schedules.
Radiology 1975 Sep
PMID:Evaluation of rapid radiation treatment schedules utilizing two treatment sessions per day. 5 Jun 11


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