Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten cases of multiple myeloma seen in PUMC hospital survived more than six years. 4 of them survived more than ten years. 6 patients were of IgA type. Features of those cases included: (1) symptoms mild; (2) incidence of anemia low; (3) percentage of tumor cell in bone marrow also relatively low; (4) blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and calcium normal; (5) maintenance therapy rather long. The prognostic factors and the current general situation of treatment were briefly discussed.
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PMID:[Report of 10 cases of multiple myeloma surviving more than 6 years]. 181 84

From 1 January 1983 to 1 January 1989 123 cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular cancer (n = 122) or cholangiocarcinoma (n = 1) were screened using liver function tests, alpha-fetoprotein determination, ultrasonography with biopsy (and in selected cases computed tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance), laparoscopy and angiography, Child-Pugh classification and urea-nitrogen synthesis rate. Twenty-three patients were selected for surgical resection because the tumour was smaller than 5 cm, not centrally located and at least 1 cm away from main structures; there was no evidence of multicentricity or metastatic disease; and the Child-Pugh classification was A or B and the urea-nitrogen synthesis rate at least 6 g/day. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was used routinely to identify oesophageal varices which were present in 17 cases; ten patients with a history of variceal haemorrhage (43 per cent) had preoperative endoscopic sclerotherapy. In cases with recurrent haemorrhage, surgery was used to prevent intraoperative and postoperative bleeding. Tumour resection was carried out using controlled hypotension and hepatoduodenal ligament clamping. Twelve bisegmentectomies, ten segmentectomies and one atypical resection were performed. The operative mortality rate was 13 per cent with liver failure and sepsis as the causes of death. The 'recurrence rate' was 26 per cent and the late mortality rate for the whole group up to 1 January 1990 was 30 per cent; 13 patients were still alive. The 12-month survival rate was 77 per cent and after 5 years it was 49 per cent. Thus, surgical resection of small liver tumours is the treatment of choice in this selected group of patients.
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PMID:Limited hepatic resection for selected cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular or cholangiocellular carcinoma: a prospective study. 185 52

Tumor cell locomotion is an integral part of the metastatic process. We present a new autocrine motility factor (AMF) derived from the serum-free conditioned medium of the Dunning R-3327 rat prostate adenocarcinoma AT2.1 tumor cell subline AT2.1-AMF, prepared by concentration of components less than or equal to 30 kDa- in size and washed free of low-molecular-weight growth factors, stimulated motility of AT2.1 cells in modified Boyden chamber migration assays. This stimulated migration was dose-dependent, and by checkerboard analysis was both chemotactic and chemokinetic. AT2.1-AMF activity was labile to heat, acid, base, reduction, oxidation, and proteases. Lyophilization and treatment with 6M urea caused a mild decrease (less than 20%) in migration-stimulating capability. Tumor-cell specificity was demonstrated for AMF of AT2.1 and AT3.1 Dunning sublines, and the A2058 human melanoma cell lines. AT2.1 cell migration to AT2.1-AMF was inhibited by 2 hr pre-treatment with cholera toxin (0.1 microgram/ml) or forskolin (100 microM), but not altered by 2 hr pre-treatment with pertussis toxin (1.0 microgram/ml). This indicates that guanine nucleotide binding protein-mediated regulation of cAMP is involved in modulating the AT2.1 cell response to its AMF. The AT2.1-AMF belongs to a related family of tumor autocrine motility factors and represents a new model for understanding the role of tumor-cell migration in the metastatic process of human prostate cancer.
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PMID:An autocrine motility factor secreted by the Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma cell subtype AT2.1. 187 63

The impact was studied of bio-ginseng produced from ginseng callus cells on the rate of chromosome rearrangements in Chinese hamster cells and in continuous tumor cells of mice (Ehrlich strain). Bio-ginseng reduced rate of spontaneous SCE as well as the level of mitomycin C-induced chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster cells. It protected ascitic tumor cells (Ehrlich strain) against the mutagen action of urea nitrosomethyl.
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PMID:[Study of antimutagenic properties of bio-ginseng in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo]. 187 67

Hyperphosphatemia (HP) is usually seen in patients with hypoparathyroidism, renal failure, and tumor lysis. The authors described a patient with HP due to a phosphate-binding immunoglobulin (Ig). An 86-year-old woman had serum phosphate levels as high as 4.75 mmol/l, (normal, 0.77 to 1.45 mmol/l). Serum ionized calcium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and N-terminal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were normal, but serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level was subnormal at less than 12 pmol/l (normal, 36 to 146 pmol/l). Serum total protein was elevated at 105 g/l (normal, 60 to 80 g/l), and additional studies confirmed a diagnosis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) multiple myeloma. Results of in vitro studies using anti-human IgG antibodies showed that the IgG of the patient bound inorganic phosphate. Several isolated case reports have documented spurious HP due to interference of the paraprotein in the routine serum phosphate assay. In only one patient, however, has actual binding of phosphate to a myeloma protein been documented. The studies of the authors document phosphate binding by an IgG paraprotein and suggest that in this setting HP may be of physiologic significance as evidenced by depressed serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
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PMID:Hyperphosphatemia in multiple myeloma due to a phosphate-binding immunoglobulin. 191 79

A novel antitumor compound, N-[4-(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-N'-(2-nitrobenzoyl ) urea (HO-221) was evaluated for its antitumor activity in experimental tumor models. HO-221 preparation was given orally to tumor-bearing animals. The compound exhibited significant effects against various tumors such as P388 and L1210 leukemias; M5076 reticulum-cell sarcoma; colon 38 carcinoma; human xenografts MX-1, LX-1, GA-1, and Co-1; Lewis lung carcinoma; sarcoma 180; and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma and was especially effective against solid tumors. However, its effect on murine B16 melanoma was moderate. Intermittent administration of HO-221 produced better results. The effects of HO-221 on human tumor xenografts were compared with those of other antitumor agents. HO-221 showed activity against LX-1 lung and Co-1 gastrointestinal tumor and was also effective against advanced-stage L1210 leukemia and Lewis lung carcinoma. Furthermore, the effect of HO-221 on drug-resistant tumors was examined using murine leukemias L1210 and P388. It showed no cross-resistance with the known antitumor agents Adriamycin (ADM), daunomycin (DM), vincristine (VCR), mitomycin C (MMC), cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), methotrexate (MTX), cyclophosphamide (CPA), or carboquone (CQ), and collateral sensitivity to HO-221 was found in MMC-, CDDP-, and CPA-resistant sublines. HO-221 exhibits significant reproducible, broad-spectrum antitumor activity against experimental tumors as well as human neoplasms.
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PMID:Antitumor activity on murine tumors of a novel antitumor benzoylphenylurea derivative, HO-221. 191 78

Nuclear proteins obtained from human brain tumor cell lines by differential salt extraction were subjected to high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Several hundred spots were detectable in the low salt (0.4 M NaCl) extract using silver staining. These patterns exhibited remarkable differences between the different cell lines we analyzed. A less complex pattern occurred when nuclei were subsequently treated with high salt (2.5 M NaCl/5 M urea). We compared the electropherograms from various human glioblastoma cell lines and found them very similar and even a high degree of similarity occurs between glioblastomas and other human tumor cell lines. Beside these more general observations we detected several proteins at least enriched in human glioblastomas which were totally absent in low grade astrocytomas and nonglial tumors. They could be separated from the bulk of nonspecific proteins by simple modifications of the isoelectric focusing conditions. From these results we conclude that nuclear proteins obtained by sequential salt extraction and separated by two-dimensional techniques may provide tumor specific proteins suitable for antibody production.
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PMID:Nuclear and DNA-binding proteins in human brain tumors. 191 44

We have evaluated whether cell swelling may be a generally useful technique to differentiate normal and neoplastic pituitary cells, making the comparison between normal lactotrophs and thyrotrophs and tumor-derived GH4C1 and MMQ cells. With 1.5 mM medium Ca2+, cell swelling induced by osmotically equivalent stimuli, 27% medium hyposmolarity or 80 mM isotonic urea, caused a prompt increase in both intracellular Ca2+ and hormone secretion by all cell types. Depletion of medium Ca2+ abolished the cell swelling-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+ in all cell types and hormone secretion in the tumor-derived cells. However, it enhanced hormone secretion in normal cells. The critical role of Ca2+ influx in osmotically induced secretion in neoplastic, but not normal, pituitary cells may reflect some fundamental alteration in the intracellular transduction system in tumor cells.
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PMID:The contrasting role of calcium influx in secretion induced by cell swelling can differentiate normal and tumor-derived rat pituitary cells. 193 85

The effect of chronic high plasma corticosteroids' concentration upon renal function was studied in rats bearing a transplantable pituitary mammotropic tumor which produces large quantities of ACTH and prolactin (MtTF4S). Kidney splanchnomegaly and degenerative changes of renal cortex, particularly in proximal tubules, as well as cytolysis and appearance of vacuoles were noticed in tumor bearing rats. (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in renal plasma membranes decreased 67% in rats with a tumor secreting ACTH and prolactin, and 64% in rats with a tumor secreting growth hormone and prolactin when compared with controls. After adrenalectomy of MtTF4S rats, kidney weight as well as plasma concentrations of urea, sodium, chloride and phosphate ions were normalized indicating the involvement of adrenal glands in the development of disturbances in renal function.
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PMID:Kidney damage in rats bearing an adrenocorticotropin and prolactin secreting tumor. 196 5

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent endothelial cell mitogen found in a variety of normal and tumor tissues. Basic FGF lacks a classical signal sequence, and it is not clear how it is released from cells. bFGF or bFGF-like activity has not been previously demonstrated in plasma. In an earlier study we showed increased mitogenic activity for parathyroid-derived epithelial and mesenchymal cells in plasma of subjects with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (FMEN1). In the present study we examined the growth-promoting activity of normal and FMEN1 plasmas [applied to heparin-Sepharose (HS) columns] in parathyroid-derived cloned endothelial cells. FMEN1 plasma HS-adsorbed activity exceeded normal plasma HS-adsorbed activity in 6 of 8 FMEN1 plasma samples. Peak (FMEN1 plasma) HS-adsorbed activity eluted with 0.1-0.3 M NaCl, was completely neutralized by specific antibodies against bFGF, and had an apparent mol wt of 110 kD. Active fractions from FMEN1 plasma prepared by gel filtration in 7 M urea displayed apparent mol wt of about 14-16 kD and showed increased apparent affinity for HS; recovered activity appeared principally in the 3.0-M NaCl eluate. Using a sensitive two-site immunoradiometric assay for bFGF we found 0.4 ng/mL bFGF-like immunoreactivity in the highly purified 3.0-M NaCl eluate from a HS column to which the active components from gel filtration of FMEN1 plasma in 7 M urea were applied. These results imply that bFGF or closely related factors circulate in FMEN1.
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PMID:Circulating fibroblast growth factor-like substance in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. 196 77


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