Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metastatic tumor incidence in BALB/C X DBA/8F1 female mice was examined in the presence and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy. Following surgical removal of spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas, phenylalanine mustard, adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil (PAF) were administered at 4, 2, and 50 mg/kg, respectively, once a week for six injections. Recurring tumors and new tumors developing in other breasts over the next 6 months were noted and surgically removed to allow time for originally undetectable pulmonary metastases to develop or to regress completely. This regimen of PAF significantly decreased original tumor recurrences from 58% in controls to 36% in treated mice. New tumor development also was significantly reduced during the 5 weeks of PAF therapy and for 8 weeks thereafter. However, the incidence of pulmonary metastasis was unaffected by the chemotherapy, being 42% in controls and 37% in PAF-treated mice. About 30% of these metastases would have been undetectable at the time of original surgery. The findings stress the importance of developing agents and/or schedules that will specifically affect metastatic cells when administered early to minimal numbers of tumor cells. This system represents a stringent clinimimetic model for evaluating adjuvant chemotherapy in this regard.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of adjuvant chemotherapeutic activity against primary and metastatic spontaneous murine tumors. 83 74

Combination of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin, encompassing a wide range of dosages, were administered on five different schedules to C57BL/6J X DBA/2J F1 female mice inoculated i.p. with L1210 ascites tumor cells. Among the resulting 85 treatment groups, the mean postinoculation survival of mice that died with tumor was 11.4 to 51.3 days; this represented increases of 62 to 628% over the survival of untreated controls. In some groups, tumor cells were eradicated in 9 of 10 treated mice. By contrast, neither drug given alone cured leukemic mice or extended their survival beyond controls by more than 96%. Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide were most effective when administered simultaneously on Day 1; additional treatment with adriamycin on Days 4 and 7 produced a significant increase in the survival of mice that died with tumor, but this regimen did not increase the incidence of cures. Combination therapy with these agents reduced the cytotoxic response of the host to subsequently inoculated L1210 cells. The pronounced therapeutic effectiveness of this drug combination is attributed to a true potentiation of the independent oncolytic action of each agent.
 ...
PMID:Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide in combination chemotherapy of L1210 leukemia. 83 68

A total of 18 compounds consisting of 7 alphatic and 7 aromatic bis(guanylhydrazones), p-quinone-bis(guanylhydrazone), one monoguanylhydrazone, one diamidine and one diguanidine were studied spectrophotometrically to determine their ability to interact with native calf-thymus DNA and the possible correlation of binding with biological activity. In each case, the ability of a compound to bind to DNA correlate with its ability to inhibit the activity of DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7) extracted from mouse leukemia L1210 cells. For example, all the aromatic bis-guanylhydrazones and diamidine (hydroxystilbamidine), which were good inhibitors of the enzyme activity, showed a biphasic interaction with DNA. All the aliphatic compounds displayed no detectable interaction with DNA in the Tris buffer used, and were also poor inhibitors of the polymerase activity. Interaction of decamethylene diguanide (Synthalin with DNA could not be determined because the compound does not absorb light in the UV-VIS region. However, in similarity with other aliphatic compounds, this agent was a poor inhibitor of DNA polymerase reduction. The p-quinone-bis(guanyl-hydrazone) and p-phenylbenzaldehyde-monoguanylhydrazone showed only a monophasic interaction with DNA and caused an intermediate inhibition of the enzyme activity. When tested for possible anti-leukemic activity against i.p. L1210 leukemia in syngeneic DBA/2J mice, all the aromatic bis-guanylhydrazones as well as hydroxystilbamidine caused prolongation of survival of tumor-bearing mice. Among the aliphatic bisguanylhydrazones, all of which showed no binding to DNA and caused at the most only a very slight inhibition of DNA polymerase, only methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (CH3--G) had antileukemic activity. Synthalin also inhibited leukemia growth. Evidences presented indicate that the mechanisms of action of aliphatic and aromatic bisguanylhydrazones may be quite different. Furthermore, the ability to bind to DNA may be a useful criterion to predict the antileukemic activity of aromatic guanylhydrazones and possibly other aromatic-bis-cationic compounds, but not that of aliphatic congeners.
 ...
PMID:Studies on the structure--activity relationship among aliphatic and aromatic bisguanylhydrazones and some related compounds. 83 65

The distribution of 5-[18F]fluorouracil has been compared in two variants of the same tumor in c57bL X DBA/2 F1 mice: solid L1210 lymphocytic leukemia tumor susceptible to 5-fluorouracil treatment and the same tumor, made resistant to the drug over a 34-generation span. Significant differences in 5-[18F]fluorouracil distribution were observed, most notably in the tumor:blood ratios at 12 hr postinjection. The drug-responsive tumor showed a 20:1 concentration ratio, whereas the drug-resistant tumor only had a 4:1 concentration ratio. We postulate that these differences, observed here in this animal tumor model, may be a reflection of similar ratio differences in humans. This technique may allow, by noninvasive quantification of tumor:blood ratios following administration of 5-[18F]fluorouracil to man, the differentiation of those human tumors that are likely to respond to drug therapy from those in which the response will be minimal or nil.
 ...
PMID:A model for prediction of chemotherapy response to 5-fluorouracil based on the differential distribution of 5-[18F]fluorouracil in sensitive versus resistant lymphocytic leukemia in mice. 86 51

This study has investigated the in vivo and in vitro cellular immunity of the AKR/J, (AKR/J x C57BL/6)F1 and (AKR/J x DBA/2)F1 mouse strains to a spontaneously arising AKR/J tumor. The study concludes that: 1) there is an excellent correlation between the growth of the tumor in vivo, and the ability of spleen cells from the respective strains to generate both primary and secondary cell-mediated cytotoxic responses in vitro; and 2) one F1 host can be considered a responder against this tumor, whereas the other F1 strains studied appears to be genetically nonresponsive. Possible mechanisms relating to the observed patterns of response are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Control of immunity in parental and F1 hybrid mouse strains to a spontaneously arising parental tumor. I. Correlation between in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor reactivity in responsive and unresponsive animals. 86 56

The effect of pepstatin on the kinetics of ascitic fluid accumulation in L1210 tumor-bearing mice (DBA/2) was observed. Following inoculation of 1.5x10(6) tumor cells, untreated mice reached a peak of fluid accumulation on day 6 and remained at this level until death on day 9. A "lag" phase of 4 days occurred before fluid accumulation was seen. Pepstatin administered SC in a single dose of 80 mg/kg during the lag phase, significantly retarded fluid accumulation as compared to untreated animals. Pepstatin administered following fluid accumulation was much less effective. We concluded that pepstatin prevents fluid accumulation rather than acts as a diuretic agent. The term "ascites retardant" is suggested for the pharmacologic actions of pepstatin, since it prevents fluid accumulation without diminishing the cell count.
 ...
PMID:Pepstatin, an ascites retardant of L1210 tumor-bearing mice. 87 57

Immunization with normal allogeneic kidney and liver tissues extends survival of DBA/2Cr mice challenged with a lethal dose of syngeneic L517BY lymphoma cells. Immunization with a combination of tissues from five strains provides far more protection than immunization with tissue from any single strain. It is suggested that the basis of this protective effect is a cross-reactivity or identity between tumor-associated transplantation antigens (TATA) on the L5178Y tumor and non-H-2 alloantigens normally expressed by some allogeneic tissues.
 ...
PMID:Syngeneic tumor rejection induced by immunization with normal allogeneic tissues. 88 80

By using various protocols of immunization in the xenogeneic system, a serum was produced which contained antibodies against normal as well as leukemic lymphocytes in DBA/2 mice. To obtain specific antibodies capable of recognizing the ML tumor antigen, the best protocol proved to be the one used in group 2, in which immunization with leukemic cells was preceded by immunization of newborn mice with normal lymphoid cells from mice of the DBA/2 f BALB/c/MTV-s-negative strain. The sera contained antibodies capable of identifying the ML antigen in leukemia cells as well as in isolated form.
 ...
PMID:Production of antibodies against ML antigen in the xenogeneic host. 93 52

Tyrosyl-, histidyl-, lysyl-, and phenylalanyl-tRNA's from 3 tumors (DBAH, DBAH, and DBA), differing in growth rates and from host mammary glands and liver, were compared by means of methylated albumin kieselguhr (MAK) column and by reverse-phase-5 chromatography. The elution profiles of lysyl-tRNA's from DBAH and DBA, phenylalanyl Trna's from DBAH and DBAH, and histidyl-tRNA's from DBA3 tumors exhibited extra isoaccepting species, compared with host liver and mammary glands. The distribution of acylatable tyrosyl-tRNA's in DBA3 and DBAH, phenylalanyl-tRNA's in DBAH and DBAH2, and histid-l-tRNA's in DBA3 is higher than that in liver, whereas no appreciable differences were observed in the lysyl-tRNA contents of the tumors and liver. The chromatographic alternations appeared to be a property of the tumor tRNA's and not due to differences in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases or due to the aggregation of tRNA's. The structural and functional significance of these findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Transfer RNA species in tumors of different growth rates. 97 94

Maternal immunological unresponsiveness has usually been demonstrated with adult tissue allografts. Experiments were first directed to the question of whether maternal reactivity to allogeneic conceptuses parallels that of implants of allogeneic tumor. BALB/c female mice parous by C3H males for one to eight litters and challenged with Tumor 70429 of C3h origin showed increasing unresponsiveness with multiparity. A high percentage of progressively growing tumors in highly multiparous females indicates that unresponsiveness does not give way to sensitization. The effects of multiparity on placental and fetal weights in BALB/c females pregnant by C3H males resulted in a continuing decrease in placental weight (indicative of unresponsiveness) through the third pregnancy, but this was followed by a contrasting progressive weight increase indicating sensitization with four or more pregnancises. Syngeneic placentas displayed a similar pattern suggesting that weight changes were not entirely alloantigen dependent and that fetus-specific antigens also alter maternal reactivity. The effects of specific and nonspecific maternal preimmunization and specific parity on placental weights were tested as follows. One group of BALB/c females was immunized against C3H (specific), a second was immunized against DBA/2 (nonspecific), and a third was not immunized. Each of these groups was divided in half and mated to either C3H or DBA/2 males for a first litter; then all were mated to C3H for a second pregnancy. Placental weights were significantly smaller in females that had their first litter by C3H males. A similar experiment with BALB/c X C57BL F1 females resulted in fewer changes in placental weights. In all instances, maternal reactivity had its major effect upon placental rather than fetal weight. The effect of maternal unresponsiveness upon reproductive capacity was tested by mating BALB/c females to either DBA/2 POR C3H males for a first litter and then mating all females ot C3H males for a second litter. Second litters were significantly larger when first litters were also sired by C3H males.
 ...
PMID:Fetal growth modified by natural and induced changes in maternal reactivity. 97 2


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10