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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study of 140 patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach seen at Roswell Park Memorial Institute during a 5 year period revealed that 112 patients were TNM Stages III or IV. A palliative resection of the stomach was done in 39 patients; the other 73 did not undergo resection. Patients who had palliative resection for stages III and IV carcinoma of the stomach had a prolonged mean survival rate, as compared with those with similar stage of disease who did not have palliative resection, regardless of an additional treatment such as feeding procedures, gastroenterostomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. This significance was noticed regardless of age, sex, and histological differentiation of the tumor. Chemotherapy significantly increased the survival rate in the unresected group but failed to show this effect in the resected group.
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PMID:Evaluation of palliative resection in advanced carcinoma of the stomach. 112 2

Irradiation at the University of Michgan in the 1960's was carried out in 192patients with endolaryngeal carcinoma. Thirty-two and 66% of the cases were located inthe supreaglottic and glottic regions respectively. Cases were classified in stages appropiate TNM GROUPING. Results were analyzed with respect to tumor location, size, anddose-time relationship. Early lesions were controlled more often than advanced ones. Radical surgery to the primary and/or neck improved overall survival, which was 89% at 5years for 127 glottic carcinoma cases and 61% for 61 patients with supraglottic tumors. No significant complications were found following radiation therapy.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the endolarynx: results of irradiation. 117 Sep 36

From 1963 to 1971, 105 patients with histologically proved cancer of the lung were explored at Memorial Hospital and underwent interstitial implantation using encapsulated sources of radon 222 (53 patients) or iodine 125 (52 patients). These lung cancers were considered unresectable because of extension of the disease into the mediastinum with fixation or invasion of the major vessels, trachea, and esophagus or chest wall involvement. No apical lesions, which have a better prognosis, are included in this review. Sixty-nine patients had epidermoid cancer, 24 had adenocarcinoma, and the remaining 12 had various other histological types. All patients were staged according to the criteria proposed by the American Joint Committee using the TNM definitions (standing for tumor, nodes, and metastasis). Local control was obtained in 8 of 10 patients (80% with clinical Stage I and II unresectable cancers of the lung and in 44 of the 95 (46%) with clinical Stage III lung cancer. The two-year survival was 50% for Stages I and II and 7% for Stage III. Five patients have survived for five years or more. The complications, disease-free interval, local recurrences, distant metastases, and survival are presented and indications for this type of therapy outlined.
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PMID:Interstitial irradiation for unresectable carcinoma of the lung. 119 Aug 85

Small breast cancer is not a clear entity and is often very difficult to classify (e.g. TNM). The role of radiotherapy is far from being generally accepted; it is now clear that the smaller the tumor is, the better are its chances to be cured by X-rays. The first step after diagnosis is the search for distant metastases. That postoperative radiotherapy increases the risk of distant metastases remains to be proved and clinical trials are under way. At the present time, the treatment of breast cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach.
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PMID:[Small breast cancer and radiotherapy (author's transl)]. 119 75

Two hundred and thirty patients with glottic carcinomas of the larynx treated at the Radiumhemmet from 1956 to 1966 by radiotherapy and followed for at least five years were investigated. Histologic grading of malignancy was made in each case by the registration of eight morphologic criteria, four representing the tumor cell population itself (structure, differentiation, nuclear polymorphism, and mitoses) and four representing the tumor host relationship (mode of invasion, stage of invasion, vascular invasion, and cellular response). There parameters were graded on the bases of a one to four point system according to arbitrary units. Multivariate analysis of the material revealed that the most important factors in the prediction of the five year result were found to be the nuclear polymorphism, mode of invasion, and total malignancy point value. The histologic grading of malignancy in this series was found to be better in the prediction of the five year result, recurrence or not, than the TNM classification.
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PMID:Histologic grading of malignancy and prognosis in glottic carcinoma of the larynx. 120 94

This study reports initial experience at the Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital (EFSCH), Columbia, Missouri, with the analysis of variance and covariance as applied to the ability to predict the lethality associated with colorectal neoplasms as influenced by tumor,host, and treatment variables considered individually and as multivariate clusters. The application of the methods to the clinical setting is based on the fact that each patient has one survival time. However, in the mathematical sense, each patient is composed of many different variables interacting simultaneously in highly complex ways to determine this uniqueness. The feasibility of determining the prognostic score or weight of many variables is illustrated. The combinatory effect of these scores can provide prognostic scores for clusters of variables providing a tool of much greater specificity than is provided by traditional staging systems such as the TNM.
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PMID:Analysis of variance and covariance for colorectal adenocarcinomas in man as a logical prelude to "staging". 126 19

To study the survival of patients in different spread of malignant tumors, the data on 419 patients with serous cystadenocarcinomas of the ovaries were analysed. Late results of treatment in these patients classified by 4 stages did not differ from the routinely observed issues. In staging of the tumor process in these patients according to the TNM system four variants in the degree of the process extension corresponded to each stage, which gave a precise idea as to the extent of the process not only judging by the primary focus condition, but also by metastases spread, thus enabling one to have a complete and proper knowledge of the true extension of the disease.
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PMID:[Survival of patients with malignant tumors of the ovaries in relation to the stage according to the TNM classification]. 126 19

The 1962 TNM classification (T, tumor and extent; N, regional lymph node metastasis, M, distant metastasis) did not emphasize vocal cord fixation in staging. In the revision of 1972, lesions with partial fixation were classified T2, stage II, and those causing fixation were T3, stage III. The therapeutic results in 39 patients with fixed cords revealed a determinante five-year survival of 41% and an absolute of 23%. These statistics support the validity of the 1972 classification. Careful evaluation of vocal cord mobility prior to selection of therapy is stressed.
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PMID:Vocal cord fixation in laryngeal carcinoma. 126 20

A retrospective study was undertaken in 1990 of 188 patients with the diagnosis of non small cell carcinoma of the lung referred to the Department of Radiation Oncology in 1984. Most patients (178/188) received a course of radiotherapy. This was definitive in 23, palliative in 148 (primary site in 113, metastases in 16, primary plus metastases in 19) and postoperative in 7. This report is a 5 year followup of the 171 patients treated by radiation alone, to assess factors that influence survival. Tumour histology was 50% squamous, 23% adenocarcinoma, 16% large cell and 4% unspecified, non small cell carcinoma. In 8% no histological diagnosis was obtained. The most common symptoms were cough (44%), dyspnoea (43%), chest pain (37%), haemoptysis (33%) and systemic symptoms (36%). Tumour stage (TNM) was assessed retrospectively as I(5%), II(8%), IIIA(18%), IIIB(22%) and IV(28%). A subgroup of 31 cases (18%) of uncertain staging (I-III) was analysed separately and in 2 cases (1%) no staging information was available. Palliative intent of treatment and poorer performance status were related significantly to increasing stage of disease. The effects of palliative treatment were recorded in 79 cases; in 71 there was a reduction in symptoms. The median survival from diagnosis was 8 months (range < 1-72). Using univariate and multivariate analyses, significant and independent prognostic factors for improved survival were good performance status, absence of systemic symptoms, lower tumour stage and curative intent of treatment (higher radiation dose). However the 5-year survival was only 2%. Long-term survival was associated predominantly with early stage disease but not with the type or intent of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Non small cell carcinoma of the lung. A retrospective study. Presented at the 41st annual meeting of the Royal Australasian College of Radiologists, September 1990, Perth. 128 99

Studies of 169 cases of breast carcinoma showed that lymphatic metastasis was closely related to biological behavior of the cancer. Modified radical operation or modified extended radical operation were performed in cases of TNM stage I and II by pre- and intraoperative estimation of the tumor less than or about 5 cm in diameter, limited within mammary gland, and of expansion type. Histological typing and grading, degree of infiltration, condition of ER and lymphatic metastasis were used to plan postoperative adjuvant therapy. The importance of investigation of ER status of the lesions lies in proper arrangement of combined therapy and prediction of prognosis.
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PMID:[Lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer and selection of operation]. 128 6


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