Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty six patients with metastatic cancer of the breast (stage IV) were treated with Cyclophosphamide, 5-Fluorouracil and Cyclophosphamide + 5-Fluorouracil. Tests for delayed hypersensitivity to homologous tumor antigen before treatment were positive in 83.9% and negative in 16.1%. Response to DNCB was positive before treatment in 51.8% and negative in 48.2%. Following chemotherapy the skin reaction, to homologous tumor antigen remained positive, only in 12.6% and negative in 87.4%. The reaction of DNCB remained positive after treatment only in 17.8%. In the remaining 82.2% suppression of the reaction occurred. These data show that chemotherapy may suppress, to a certain excent, immune responses. It is established that among patients who have shown a positive reaction to homologous tumor antigen 55.3% of all cases have displayed objective response to the treatment, and among these with negative skin reactions objective responses were observed in 22.22% of all cases. In patients with positive DNCB reactions objective responses were observed in 79.3% and among the negative ones--in 37.4%.
 ...
PMID:Delayed hypersensitivity reactions in patients with breast cancer. 75 18

High doses of methotrexate (HDMTX), given in pulse infusions of 3 to 30 mg/kg body weight, were studied in 22 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Sixteen complete and five partial remissions were observed in 21 patients evaluable for remission induction. The dose of MTX was increased stepwise on consecutive treatments until objective tumor response occured. Citrovorum factor rescue (CFR) was used "on demand" when toxicity started to develop, and routinely after 30 mg/kg of MTX. Twelve patients who had no previous chemotherapy were entered in a Phase II study consisting of remission induction with HDMTX and remission maintenance with monthly HDMTX supplemented with one monthly injection of vincristine and Cytoxan and five days of oral 6-mercaptopurine and prednisone. Eleven patients achieved remissions (eight complete and three partial) with HDMTX and one with surgery and radiation followed by HDMTX. The three partial remissions improved to complete remission during remission maintenance. All 12 were given the maintenance cyclic combination chemotherapy. Seven of the 12 patients entered the unmaintained phase of the study. One patient relapsed 6 months after cessation of therapy and died 4 years after diagnosis. Six patients are alive and free of disease 2 1/2 to 5 1/2 years after discountinuing treatment and 4 1/2 to 8 1/3 years after diagnosis. Five of these six patients had advanced (Stage IV) disease.
 ...
PMID:Methotrexate and citrovorum factor rescue in the management of childhood lymphosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma (non-Hodgkin's lymphomas): parolonged unmaintained remissions. 78 84

Sprague-Dawley rats received in 10 mg/kg body weight (group I) or 30 mg/kg body weight (group II) ethylnitrosourea (ENU) orally on the 19th day of pregnancy. Their offspring were treated with Bacille Calmette-Guerin, human albumin, hydrocortisone, cyclophosphamide or nicotine starting on the 6th day of life. The ENU treatment significantly reduced the life expectancy of all offspring. Treatment of the offspring did not influence tumor frequency, induction time or localization of neurogenic malignant tumors. Cyclophosphamide treatment of group II offspring increased the number of females bearing mammary carcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Influence of five different postnatal lifelong treatments on the transplacental carcinogenicity of ethylnitrosourea in Sprague-Dawley rats. 79 45

Plasmocytoma and Waldenstroem's disease together with some other very rare diseases form the group of paraproteinaemic haemoblastoses. In these cases the plasmocytoma as a neoplasia of the plasma cells is quite likely to define by the sum of the cytomorphological, radiological and immunological findings in form of the plasmocytosis of the bone-marrow, the destructions of the skeleton and the formation of monoclonal immunoglobulins as cardinal symptoms. Waldenstroem's disease, however, becomes more and more a special form of the IgM-forming malignant lymphomas. In its classical expression apart from the formation of lymphomas, hepato-splenomegaly and haemorhages it above all exhibits the excessive formation of a monoclonal, macromolecular immunoglobulin. In this disease the prognosis is in many cases by far more favourable than that one of the plasmocytoma which, apart from its solitary-multiple form of the course, is a disease with high malignity. Cyclophosphamide and sarcolysin are the remedies of choice in the plasmocytoma, procarbazine in waldenstroem's disease. Nowadays, the inclusion of the two diseases into the large spectre of neoplasias of all cells of the immuno-competent system which finally are structurally derived from the immunocyte and are functionally differentiated renders a special way of description unnecessary.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of plasmacytoma and Waldenstrom's disease]. 82 13

Clinical chemotherapy in the treatment of neuroblastoma is undergoing further evaluation. Chemotherapeutic agents, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and hexamethylmelamine, were investigated in a murine neuroblastoma model that, in part, histologically and morphologically resembles the human tumor. The tumor was inoculated subcutaneously (SC), intramuscularly (IM), intraperitoneally (IP), intrarenally (IR). Growth of tumor was observed at all sites, as well as the appearance of metastases. Maximal survival of 32 +/- 1 days was seen (SC) and the minimum was 15 +/- 1 days (IR) (p less than 0.05). Corresponding survival rate for IM was 26 +/- 1 days and IP 21 +/- 1 days. For this reason SC was selected for drug testing. Cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg/week showed the most favorable results, as determined by autopsy status with fewer tumors and a greater tumor weight decrease over time. This agent also showed a significantly longer survival in comparison to all other drugs (p less than 0.0001). The results with vincristine and hexamethylmelamine in the dose ranges employed differed little from the placebo, except for the finding of a slight decrease in body weight at autopsy.
 ...
PMID:Studies and characterization of a murine neuroblastoma model. 82 82

This is a prelimianry report of an effort to treat women with advanced (Stage III and IV) ovarian cancer who had progressive disease in spite of previous surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation by a program of reductive surgery, intensive immune stimulation and combination chemotherapy. An initial laparotomy was done where possible to reduce tumor burden, and then all patients were given intravenous corynebacterium parvum (C.P.) in escalating doses over a 10- to 14-day period. Cyclic chemotherapy with Cytoxan, adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil (CAF) was started and repeated monthly. Maintenance subcutaneous C.P. was given weekly. All patients had frequent follow-up clinical and laboratory examination. Immune function was measured by skin tests and in vitro tests prior to treatment and periodically during therapy. Two-thirds of the patients had depressed DNCB and PHA stimulation responses prior to treatment, and almost all had severely depressed lymphocyte counts. Thirty-nine patients entered the program. Exploratory laparotomy was done in 16 patients and in eight, successful tumor reduction was accomplished. Eleven patients received intravenous C. Parvum and all expired before receiving chemotherapy. Four patients received C. Parvum and less than three cycles of CAF; all expired within 2 months. Twenty-four patients received C. Parvum and less than or equal to three cycles of CAF. Four patients had complete regression of measurable disease and were living free of disease 9-12 months after starting CAF. Eight patients had more than 50% regression for a minimum of 3 months, and five were living with disease (LWD) 5-11 months. Five patients had 25% to 50% regression and three were LWD 4-8 months. Seven patients had no regression and all expired within 4 months. Of eight patients who had successful reductive surgery prior to treatment, three were free of disease, median of 10 months, and five had partial responses and were living with disease, a median of 9 months. Although pre-treatment immune function was better in the patients who had a good response to CP and CAF (10 of 12 were DNCB+) vs that in patients with a poor response (4 of 12 were DNCB+) immune function was not significantly improved during therapy. The initial treatment results in this program are encouraging and suggest that this approach may be useful in patients with earlier disease.
 ...
PMID:Intravenous Corynebacterium parvum: an adjunct to chemotherapy for resistant advanced ovarian cancer. 83 34

A prospective study of 25 cases of primary carcinoma of the breast was established. The patients were treated by radical mastectomy and lymphadenectomy followed by chemotherapy with Vincristin, Adriblastin and Endoxan. No radiotherapy was employed. During a 12 month follow-up, no patient, had recurrence or progression of the tumor. It is too early to evaluate the treatment definitively regarding survival and definite value of the method. The theoretical and experimental considerations for ancillary chemotherapy are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Ancillary chemotherapy in the primary treatment of carcinoma of the breast. On the growth pattern of carcinoma of the breast and the establishment of a new concept in treatment (author's transl)]. 83 58

The authors treated the apigmented melanoma IC-Sofia in hamster with various doses of the following cytostatics: Cyclophosphamide, 6-Mercaptopurine, Vinblastine and Actinomycin D for 7 consecutive days. Determination of the tumor growth inhibition on the 8th day (early test) on the basis of tumor weight in the animals treated and untreated with cytostatics indicates that the tumor used is more sensitive to the effect of Cyclophosphamide and 6-MP and less to Vinblastine and Actinomycin D. Nevertheless sensitivity to cytostatic action is high enough for each of the cytostatic agents, depending upon the applied dose. This gives grounds to the authors to assume that hamster apigmented melanoma IC-Sofia is an adequate model for testing and evaluation of antitumor drugs.
 ...
PMID:Hamster apigmented melanoma as a model for screening of potential antineoplastic drugs. 86 46

The series comprises 57 consecutive patients with Ewing's sarcoma admitted to the National Cancer Institute of Milan from 1965 to 1976. In 75% the diseas was confined to one bone, while in 25% multiple bone and/or visceral lesions were present. Patients with clinically localized tumor treated before 1971 with local therapy, showed a median disease-free survival of 5 months. After 1971, radiotherapy and/or surgery to local tumor was combined with multiple drug chemotherapy (ADM, VCR, CTX) and the projected median disease-free survival increased to 24+ months. In previously untreated patients with advanced tumor adriamycin, used as single drug, achieved an overall response rate of 73%. This is comparable to that achieved by a new combination including ADM, VCR, CTX, CCNU (75%). This multiple drug regimen is, however, expected to prolong the duration of response.
 ...
PMID:Ten years experience with Ewing's sarcoma. 87 24

The extent of tumour, cell kill, produced by treating B16 melanomas with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil and gamma-rays, alone and in combination, was determined using an in vitro colony assay. Cell kill by vincristine was revealed as a reduction in the yield of cells obtained by trypsinization, and as a decrease in the colony-forming ability of the extracted cells. The reduction in cell yield was interpreted as evidence of rapid cell lysis. Cyclophosphamide and gamma-rays also reduced both cell yield and surviving fraction, but in this case the small decrease in cell yield was due to an increase in cell volume. FU had no effect on cell yield, but surviving fraction was reduced. Tumour weight was also measured, and used in conjunction with cell yield and surviving fraction data to calculate the fraction of surviving cells per tumour following treatment with the agents. In combination studies, single doses of two different cytotoxic agents were given either simultaneously, or up to 24 h apart in either sequence, and assays were performed 24 h after the second drug was given. Combinations of vincristine + cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil + gamma-rays were chosen because they had been shown by other workers to exhibit marked schedule dependency, including considerabl potentiation, against leukaemic cell lines. However, in the B16 melanoma there was no evidence of schedule-dependent cell killing with either of these combinations. For all sequences studied, the fraction of surviving cells per tumour was slightly greater than the predicted additive response calculated from single-drug controls.
 ...
PMID:Cell survival in B16 melanoma after treatment with combinations of cytotoxic agents: lack of potentiation. 88 85


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>