Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the effect on tumor volumes and host survival of twenty-four chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic regimens in rats bearing the Furth/Columbia murine Wilms' tumor. After 5 years and some 100 transfers, this tumor retained its sensitivity to suitable combinations of actinomycin D, vincristine, and X-ray, regimens in current use in the treatment of human Wilms' tumor. Cytoxan alone was highly inhibitory; adriamycin was modestly inhibitory; and lethal doses of methotrexate followed by leucovorin "rescue" were slightly inhibitory to the growth of the rat tumor. No other chemotherapeutic agent tested was effective by our criteria. Cytoxan, with or without adriamycin, and X-irradiation, were the most useful combinations studied. The chemotherapeutic agents given 3 days before irradiation were significantly more carcinostatic than they were when given after radiotherapy.
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PMID:A murine Wilms' tumor as a model for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 17 75

Alteration of growth of dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors was caused by removal of estrogen (ovariectomy), or insulin (diabetes), or by inhibition of prolactin secretin (treatment with an ergoline derivative). The levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cGMP were measured in carcinomas classified as growing, static, and regressing. The amount of cAMP, expressed as pmoles/mg tumor weight or pmoles/mg protein, was lowest in growing tumors, intermediate in static tumors, and highest in those regressing. No correlation was seen between tumor growth and cGMP levels. Cyclophosphamide-induced tumor stasis did not elevate cAMP levels. The data suggest a role of cAMP in arrest of hormone-induced tumor growth.
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PMID:Relationship of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate to growth of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors in rats. 17 3

Twenty-eight patients with lung cancer, 26 with extensive disease, were treated with the drugs Cytoxan (Cyt) and methotrexate (MTX). The schedule was based on cellular kinetics concepts. Initial therapy was with Cyt 1.1 g/m2 (intravenously) followed by MTX 20 mg/m2 orally, twice weekly, started 9 days later, when the tumor was considered to be most susceptible to an S-phase-specific drug. The course was repeated at three-week intervals. Based on dose response curves, Cyt and MTX dose modifications were individually adjusted to the whit blood cell counts and platelet counts over a 3-week period. Twenty of 28 patients (five of seven large cell, five of eight adenocarcinoma, 10 or 11 small cell, none of two epidermoid) responded with greater than or equal 50% tumor reduction. Ten patients had complete responses, seven of whom had small cell carcinoma. Two of the nonresponders were nonevaluable. Five patients were alive and the extimated median survival time of the patients is almost 1 year, which compares quite favorably to previous reports. On this schedule of therapy, very high doses of Cyt and MTX were maintained with less than 3% incidence per course of a WBC less than 1,500/mm3 or a platelet count less than 50,000/mm3.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy in advanced lung cancer with increased survival. 18 14

A 60-year-old white female with oat-cell carcinoma of the lung presents with a recurrent pulmonary nodule and Cushing syndrome. The tumor is uncontrollable with MeCCNU and cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), consequently the symptoms of Cushing disease become severe. Cushing syndrome is documented by laboratory examinations. Aminoglutethimide, an anticonvulsant, is used to reverse the symptomatology and also the laboratory values. When aminoglutethimide is discontinued, the laboratory findings return to pretreatment levels.
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PMID:The treatment of ACTH Paraneoplastic syndrome with aminoglutethimide. 21 27

The course of sarcoma development was studied in cyclophosphamide treated and control chickens injected with avian sarcoma virus B77 (B77V). It was found that the incidence of sarcomas was the same for both groups of birds. Progressive growth of sarcomas as well as high tumor mortality was observed in drug treated birds, whereas frequent regressions occurred in controls. The drug treatment after B77V infection did not change the response patterns and no cytostatic effect of the drug was observed. Cyclophosphamide treatment improved the rescuability of B77V genome from the transformed virogenic mouse and rat cells in vivo.
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PMID:Increased pathogenicity of avian sarcoma virus B77 in cyclophosphamide treated chickens. 22 47

The Burkitt-like lymphoma is extremely rare. It shows a predominance of presentation in abdominal and pelvic sites and an older median age as compared to the endemic Burkitt's lymphoma. Both are independent prognostic determinants and reflect a poor prognosis. This might be the reason for the low response rate to cytotoxic treatment. Cyclophosphamide is a substantial part of any chemotherapeutic regimen used. Serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels are closely correlated with the extent of tumor mass and the response to therapy. Chemotherapy might be associated with serious metabolic complications including hyperkalemia, lactic acidosis, anuria, and sudden death from lethal embolization of the lung. In contrast to Burkitt's lymphoma, the Burkitt-like tumor has no association with the Epstein-Barr-virus. In both lymphomas a translocation from the 8q onto 14q chromosome occurs being a characteristic marker for these malignancies.
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PMID:[Burkitt-like lymphoma: diagnosis, clinical features, and response to chemotherapy (author's transl)]. 22 8

During the years, 1962 through 1975, 27 children with sacrococcygeal teratomas were seen at the Oncological Department of the National Research Institute for Mother and Child in Warsaw. 13 teratomas were benign and 14 were malignant. Surgical removal through a sacral approach was the basis of the treatment. In the presacral tumors with great diameter two-phase method was performed (the first phase--trans-abdominal excision of the tumor and the second phase--excision of remnant tumor's pedicle with coccygeal bone resection). Monodrug chemotherapy (Cyclophosphamide, Actinomycin D) in malignant tumors was without effect. In the group of benign teratomas are alive 11 children, in the group of malignant teratomas only one child survived. Some profits are expected from the multidrug chemotherapy ( Methotrexate , Cyclophosphamide, Actinomycin D) associated with radiotherapy, this can make operable primarily inoperable tumors.
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PMID:[Sacrococcygeal teratomas in children treated at the Oncological Clinic of the Mother and Child Institute in Warsaw]. 26 19

In a prospectively randomized cooperative study patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with or without Corynebacterium parvum (C.p.)5 mg/sc/m2 on day 1 in addition to CAO/CMF (Cyclophosphamid (C) 150 mg/m2/d per os X 5 d and Adriamycine (A) 50 mg/m2 i.v. d 1 and Oncovin (O) 1.0 mg/m2 i.v. d 1. 6 CAO-cycles q 28 days later were followed by monthly CMF cycles q 28 d with Cyclophosphamide (same dose), Methotrexate 30 mg/m2 i.v. 1 and 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 i.v. d 1). 76 patients entered the study until January 1, 1977. The patients' characteristics (age, cytostatic pretreatment, tumor free interval, metastatic sites and mean doses of CA) were well balanced in the two groups. The lowest values of WBC and platelets on d 14 of the monthly CAO-cycles show a mean nadir of 1,630/mm2 and 122'850/mm3 respectively in the C.p.-group and of 1,890/mm2 and 141'760/mm3 in the group without C.p. GI-toxicity was seen more frequently in the C.p. group. An improvement of symptoms was observed in 88% of the C.p.-CAO/CMF treated group and in 77% of the group without C.p. Complete and good partial remissions (greater than 50% tumor size reduction) were seen in 53% of the CAO-C.p. treated patients and in 34% of the patients in the control group without C.p. Survival data presently show a trend of improvement by the addition of C.p. to the CAO-CMF-chemotherapy regimen.
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PMID:Randomized trial in advanced breast cancer using combination chemotherapy with or without C. parvum; preliminary results. 34 8

Thymectomized, lethally irradiated mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells (TIR mice) from normal donors succumbed after i.p. challenge with xenogeneic (rat) Yoshida ascites sarcoma (YAS) given 1 month after irradiation and reconstitution. YAS rejection and production of YAS-antibodies was induced in TIR mice by a single i.v. injection of normal syngeneic spleen cells given 1 day after the tumor. Purified splenic T lymphocytes also induced YAS rejection in TIR mice, but splenic B lymphocytes did not affect progressive tumor growth. Tumor was also rejected in TIR mice that had been reconstituted with bone marrow cells from YAS-immune donors. The sera of these TIR mice did not contain tumor antibodies between reconstitution and YAS challenge, but a high YAS-antibody titer was present after YAS challenge and rejection. Immunofluorescence did not reveal any dramatic differences in the spleen and bone marrow content of T and B lymphocytes of TIR mice reconstituted with cells from normal donors and those reconstituted with cells from the YAS-immunized donors. Transfer of YAS-resistance was abolished when the bone marrow cells from immunized donors were treated with Thy 1.2 antiserum and complement, or when bone marrow donors were injected with cyclophosphamide 1 day after immunization. Cyclophosphamide was also shown to induce strong and specific suppression of YAS-antibody production in normal mice.
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PMID:Transfer of immunity by transfer of bone marrow cells: a requirement for T lymphocytes and sensitivity to cyclophosphamide. 36 29

A renal cell endocarcinoma that arose spontaneously in a Wistar-Lewis rat has been used to screen various chemotherapeutic agents for effectiveness against this tumor. Of the agents so far tested, cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and vinblastine have displayed very considerable anti-tumor activity. Adriamycin was marginal, and fluorouracil (5-FU) and Cis-dichlorodiammine Platinum (II) were ineffective.
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PMID:A new animal model for testing the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents on renal adenocarcinoma. 40 Dec 84


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