Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Animal models are useful in the evaluation of adjuvant or palliative treatment modalities of human colonic adenocarcinoma. In the present paper, the efficacy of 22 usual chemotherapeutic agents was evaluated in a model of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colonic origin in the BD IX rat. Mitomycin, cisplatine, carboplatine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and thiotepa were very effective agents on microscopic carcinomatosis (treatment given 3 days after an intraperitoneal inoculation of 1 x 10(6) DHD/K12/PROb cells). Intravenous administration was as effective as the intraperitoneal route, except for anthracyclines and 5-fluorouracil. Rats treated at early stages by thiotepa or cisplatin survived up to 4 months after cell injection and did not display tumor at autopsy. Administered late (15 days after cell injection), none of the drugs were able to cure the rats with carcinomatosis.
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PMID:[Experimental chemotherapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colonic origin in rats]. 158 36

At the Institute of Urology, University of Padova, 125 patients with multifocal superficial bladder cancer underwent treatment with intravesical Mitomycin C (MMC; 1 weekly instillation of 40 mg for 8 consecutive weeks) between January 1982 and December 1988. Eighty-four patients had multifocal papillary tumors (stages Ta-T1) and 41 patients had carcinoma in situ of the bladder. At 6 and 36 months the tumor free percentage in the group with papillary tumors was 69 and 36%, respectively; for carcinoma in situ the complete response percentage at the same intervals was 80 and 36%. Thirty-one patients previously unsuccessfully treated with adriamycin did not show any difference compared to untreated ones. The authors emphasize the efficacy and low toxicity of intravesical MMC in multiple superficial bladder cancer. The possibility of long-term relapse suggests maintenance therapy.
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PMID:Mitomycin C in multiple superficial bladder tumors: short-term therapy, long-term results. 158 10

An advanced gastric cancer with liver metastasis was treated with the combination MMC, Etoposide and UFT. Etoposide was administered orally at 25-50 mg/day to the gastric cancer patient with liver metastasis. In operative findings, there was no liver and lymphoid node metastasis. The gastric tumor diminished in size and changed its characteristics due to the chemotherapy. In 19 months, no liver nor LN metastasis was observed by CT scan. Presently, the patient feels well and receives outpatient treatment.
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PMID:[A resected case of advanced gastric cancer with complete remission of liver metastasis by chronic daily administration of oral etoposide and UFT]. 162 43

Twenty-six cases of hepatocellular carcinoma were divided randomly into 3 groups, treated by transcatheter hepatic arterial chemo-embolizations with agents of MMC 20 mg, MMC 20 mg plus lipiodol 10 ml, and MMC 20 mg plus MTXmc 150 mg, respectively, 2 to 3 weeks before surgery. Pathologically, all main tumors in the resected specimens were necrosed to a certain extent, with extensive necrosis in the MMC-MTXmc group, whereas there was no necrosis of cancer cells in tumor capsules, daughter nodules, and intraportal vein emboli. We consider that the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is effective in reducing tumor burden, but not enough in eradicating all cancer cells, so surgical resection should be carried out whenever resection is possible. For preventing tumor recurrence, direct puncture of the main trunk of the portal vein to infuse 500 mg of 5-FU during operation and injection of MMC 20 mg through a catheter inserted into the hepatic artery 4 weeks after operation is suggested.
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PMID:[Histologic assessment on resected hepatocellular carcinoma specimens with preoperative transcatheter hepatic arterial chemo-embolizations]. 165 Jun 85

We treated a patient with advanced cholangiocarcinoma with a new combination chemotherapy (modified MQF). The regimen consisted of intra-arterial administration of MMC (20 mg/body) and CQ (4 mg/body), protracted continuous infusion of 5-FU (500 mg/body) and intravenous administration of low-dose leucovorin (30 mg/body). More than 50% reduction in the liver tumor for over 4 weeks was obtained by the therapy. As for toxicity, diarrhea and stomatitis were observed.
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PMID:[Cases of advanced cholangiocarcinoma showing partial response by the combination chemotherapy including protracted continuous infusion of 5-FU combined with intravenous administration of low-dose leucovorin and intra-arterial administration of MMC and CQ]. 166 Jul 2

Discussed is the case of a 71-year-old man with multiple large hepatocellular carcinomas. His serum AFP level had markedly increased to 115 X 10(4) ng/ml. His AFP level also elevated and multiple lung metastatic tumors appeared after the second TAE therapy of 30 mg ADM, 10 mg MMC. To arrest these rises 100 mg of CDDP was given intravenously, followed by 3.0 g/day of PSK given orally. Five months later, shadows of the metastatic tumor disappeared and AFP to 540 ng/dl. As the mechanism responsible this improvement, it is felt that the CDDP attacked the metastatic tumors directly, and that this was aided by the follow-up immunotherapy with PSK. The abscopal effect of TAE also may have played a role.
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PMID:[A case of remission in metastatic lung tumor from hepatocellular carcinoma after combined CDDP and PSK therapy]. 169 Aug 25

The effect of intravesical combination chemotherapy on superficial bladder tumors was analyzed. Seventy-two patients were treated with intravesical instillation of the following anticancer drugs. MMC group: Mitomycin C (MMC) 10 mg and cytosine arabinoside (CA) 300 mg. ADM group: Adriamycin (ADM) 30 mg and CA 300 mg. PEP group: Peplomycin (PEP) 30 mg and CA 300 mg. MAC group: MMC 10 mg, ADM 30 mg and CA 300 mg. Antitumor effects in the MMC, ADM, PEP and MAC groups were evaluated in 16, 18, 17 and 21 patients and objective response (CR + PR) of tumor was observed in 87.5%, 50.0%, 35.3% and 28.6% of these patients. The papillary tumors, small tumors and low grade tumors responded better to these intravesical chemotherapies than the non-papillary tumors, the middle grade tumors and the high grade tumors. The recurrence rate in 72 patients was 6.9, 14.6 and 26.8% within 1, 2 and 3 years. No significant difference in the recurrence rate was observed between the MMC, ADM, PEP and MAC group, but the MMC group tended to have a lower recurrence rate than the other groups. The recurrence rate for the low grade tumors and the middle grade tumors was significantly lower than that for the high grade tumors and the small tumors. The major side effect of instillation therapy with these drugs was bladder irritation which appeared in 16.7% of all the patients (78 cases). In conclusion, intravesical chemotherapy is a useful approach for controlling superficial urinary bladder tumors, especially the combination of MMC and CA.
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PMID:[Clinical study of intravesical instillation therapy of superficial bladder tumor--combination therapy of mitomycin C, adriamycin, peplomycin and cytosine arabinoside]. 169 7

An analysis of the results of 90 patients with esophageal cancer treated prospectively with combined chemotherapy and radiation without surgery and with a median follow-up of 45 months is presented. Fifty-seven patients with Stage I or II disease received definitive treatment consisting of 6,000 cGy in 6 to 7 weeks and 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2/24 hr) as a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion for 96 hours, starting on days 2 and 29. Mitomycin C (10 mg/m2) was administered as a bolus injection on day 2. Thirty-three patients received palliative treatment (5,000 cGy plus above chemotherapy) for Stage III, IV, or otherwise advanced disease (extraesophageal spread, distant metastases, multiple primary tumors). Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 96 months. Overall median survival of Stage I and II patients was 18 months with 3- and 5-year actuarial survival of 29% and 18%, respectively, while the median disease specific survival was 20 months with an actuarial disease specific survival of 41% and 30% at 3 and 5 years, respectively. A multivariate analysis of sex, histology, tumor location, and tumor size on survival revealed that the effect of stage was highly significant (Stage I versus II, 73% versus 33% at 3 years, p = .01), whereas the effect of sex approached significance (females versus males, 57% versus 34% at 3 years, p = less than .1). The actuarially determined local relapse-free rate for Stage I and II patients at both 3 and 5 years was 70%. Multivariate analysis again indicated stage to be highly significant (Stage I versus II, 100% versus 60% at 3 years, p = less than .01), whereas sex approached significance (female versus male, 75% versus 66% at 3 years, p = .07). The pattern of failure may be altered with this treatment regimen from local to one dominated by distant metastases. Of 29 patients who have failed, 14 (48%) had any component of local failure, whereas 21 (72%) had a distant failure as a component of failure. The median survival of patients with Stage III or IV disease was 9 months and 7 months, respectively. Palliation in this group of patients with advanced disease was good as 77% were rendered free of dysphagia post-treatment, and 60% were without dysphagia until death with a median dysphagia-free duration of 5 months. Severe toxicities were uncommon and nearly all were transient. Eleven of 90 patients (12.2%) had severe acute toxicities, whereas only 3 patients (3.3%) developed significant late treatment-related complications requiring hospitalization for management.
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PMID:Long-term results of infusional 5-FU, mitomycin-C and radiation as primary management of esophageal carcinoma. 170 62

The tissue distribution and in vivo antitumor activity of a novel monoclonal antibody-mitomycin C conjugate (A7-MMCD) composed of anti-human MAb A7 and MMC-dextran conjugate were investigated using tumor-bearing mice. A7-MMCD was prepared via an anionic dextran intermediate for the purpose of keeping the non-specific uptake by the reticuloendothelial system to a minimum. 111In-labeled A7-MMCD showed about a 5-times-greater accumulation in SW1116 (targeted tumor) than in S180 (non-targeted tumor) 48 h after injection, and produced a tumor-to-blood ratio which was 3 times higher in SW1116-bearing mice than in S180-bearing mice 96 h after injection. Accumulations in the liver, spleen, and kidney were also observed to some extent. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that A7-MMCD had nearly the same properties in the body as MMCDan (MMCD with an anionic charge), i.e., those of a negatively charged macromolecule. Both A7-MMCD and MMCDan had relatively similar tissue uptake rate indices for the liver and spleen. The tumor uptake rate index for SW1116 was about 2.5 times greater than that for S180, and the total amount of 111In-A7-MMCD accumulated in SW1116 was calculated to be approximately 5 times greater than the amount in S180. These results indicated that A7-MMCD could achieve site-specific targeting in the body. Furthermore, in the therapeutic experiment using SW1116 implanted subcutaneously, A7-MMCD suppressed tumor growth significantly, compared to free MMC and MMCDan. These results suggest that in designing an monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate via an intermediary, the physicochemical properties of intermediate macromolecules must also be taken into consideration to obtain a high degree of efficacy in vivo.
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PMID:Tumor localization and in vivo antitumor activity of the immunoconjugate composed of anti-human colon cancer monoclonal antibody and mitomycin C-dextran conjugate. 170 29

The endourological approach for utothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract (UUT) is a controversial issue of which there is little experience to date. However, the data reported in the series of other authors as well as our own series support its utilization. Of a total of 137 patients suspected of having UUT tumor, 66 patients underwent endourological management: 56 by ureteroscopy (URS) and 10 by percutaneous nephroscopy (PN). The presence of tumor was discarded in 26 patients, 10 underwent open surgery to treat the tumor, and the remaining 30 patients were primarily treated by URS (20), PN (9), or combined treatment (1). Overall, 30 of 111 patients (27%) were treated by endoscopy; 28 attempted cure and 2 were palliative procedures. Twenty-six of these 30 patients had a previous history of urothelial tumor, 7 had a single kidney, and in 5 patients the tumor had presented following cystectomy. Except for the T2 tumor submitted to palliative treatment and one case with diffuse carcinoma in situ, all tumors were TA-1, 20 were G1, 8 were G2, and were G3. Seven of the 30 patients had died after a mean follow-up of 28.4 months (range 3-117 months: 2 immediately postoperatively from pathological conditions unrelated to the operation (acute CVA, biliary sepsis), 1 from conditions unrelated to the urinary tract or tumor, 2 from disseminated bladder urothelial tumor, and 1 from disseminated primary adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. Currently, 23 patients (76.6%) are alive; of these, 7 (23.3%) have had tumor recurrence: 2 required treatment by nephroureterectomy but the remaining 5 patients were also treated endourologically with success. The progression index was 7% (2/28). Analysis of prognostic factors revealed a close correlation between the histologic grade of malignancy, malignant urinary cytology, and the frequency of tumor recurrence. Tumor recurrence was observed to be 60% in those with a positive cytology and only 17.6% in those with a negative cytology. G3 tumors recurred 50% of the time, G2 37.5%, and Go-1 22%. The frequency of tumor recurrence was also different in patients who had received adjuvant topical BCG or MMC therapy (20%) in comparison to those who received no adjuvant therapy (40% recurrence). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed relative to the technique utilized to treat the tumor: 3/12 (25%) of those who underwent electroresection or electrocoagulation and 6/16 (37.5%) of those submitted to Nd:YAG laser.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Endo-urologic surgery of urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract]. 172 82


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