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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Corynebacterium parvum, an anaerobic diptheroid, has been demonstrated to be therapeutic in several tumor models by stimulating immunologic defenses. Formalin-killed C. parvum was investigated in the present study as an immunotherapeutic agent in the treatment of murine ovarian cancer, a model that closely simulates the activity of clinical disease. C. parvum successfully prolonged survival in murine ovarian cancer and its effectiveness improved with increasing dosage. The efficacy of C. parvum was further enhanced by a multiple-dose regimen. A previous report demonstrated the efficacy of heterologous tumor antisera in the serologic treatment of murine ovarian cancer. At the dosages investigated, the combination of C. parvum and heterologous tumor antisera (SG-200) provided longer survival than either modality independently. C. parvum is an effective anti-cancer agent in murine ovarian cancer and may find utility in a clinical setting.
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PMID:Corynebacterium parvum as an immunotherapeutic agent in an ovarian cancer model. 56 Jan 24

Esthesioneuroblastoma is a nasal tumor which arises from cells of neural crest origin. It is a difficult tumor to diagnose clinically and histopathologically. First described in 1924, approximately 160 cases have been reported with over 125 of these in the last 15 years. This reflects an increased awareness of the tumor by physicians rather than an icreased incidence. In the past 17 years, 12 cases of esthesioneuroblastoma have been treated at the Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University of Virginia Medical Center. Reviewing these cases and the literature leads us to make the following recommendations for diagnosis and treatment: The diagnosis of esthesioneuroblastoma can be made by 1) the clinician who suspects it in any patient with a nasal mass causing unilateral obstruction; 2) the finding of plexiform intercellular fibrils by light microscopy (rosettes and pseudorosettes are not as common as reported); 3) the finding of secretory granules and neurites by electron microscopy of the highly undifferentiated tumors; and 4) formaldehyde-fume-induced fluorescence. Combined therapy with preoperative irradiation followed by craniofacial resection of the tumor to include the cribriform plate is recommended. This treatment should result in a five-year survival in excess of 50% of patients.
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PMID:Esthesioneuroblastoma: diagnosis and treatment. 59 73

An ultrastructural dopa reaction, with glutaraldehyde--formaldehyde prefixation, was carried out on ten specimens of malignant melanoma showing a wide variation in melanosomal morphology. All tumours, but only a minority of tumour cells, contained reaction product. In all tumours the reaction product was distributed similarly in the Golgi apparatus and Golgi associated endoplasmic reticulum (GERL). However, differences were noted in its deposition in melanosomes. Whereas vacuolar and lamellar profiles sometimes contained reaction product, it was not seen in normal, granular and abortive melanosomes. Tumour cells without melanosomes were also seen to contain reaction product.
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PMID:Human malignant melanoma. Melanosomal polymorphism and the ultrastructural dopa reaction. 63 44

Noninfectious virus particles were produced in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells infected intraperitoneally with fowl plague virus. The PFU yield of virus per cell was less than 0.1 and the ratio PFU/HA units in the progeny virus was less than 10(3). The virus particles had the same morphology and size as egg-grown virus but were more fragile. They were disrupted by centrifugation through sucrose and caesium chloride gradients, but this disruption was avoided by fixing the particles with formaldehyde before centrifugation. Analysis of polypeptides by SDS-PAGE showed that ascites-grown virus particles contained reduced amounts of matrix protein compared with egg-grown virus.
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PMID:Abortive infection of influenza virus in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Unusual fragility of virus particles. 64 30

The PC12 pheochromocytoma line is a clonal line derived from a rat adrenal medullary tumor. PC12 cells grown in vitro have morphologic and cytochemical features in common with normal chromaffin cells in varying stages of development, and with human pheochromocytomas. These features include catecholamine stores demonstrable by formaldehyde-induced fluorescence and argentaffinic secretory granules, measuring 30 to 350 nm. Dark "norepinephrine"- and light "epinephrine"-type granules are both present, despite the absence of epinephrine and of its synthesizing enzyme, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. Addition of nerve growth factor to the culture medium causes the cells to stop dividing and to develop neurite-like processes. Nerve growth factor-treated cells also develop clusters of 30- to 120-nm. granules and of 30- to 70-nm. granular and agranular vesicles, which resemble the granules and vesicles in adrenergic and cholinergic neurons and in neuroblastomas. In the early stages of process formation, formaldehyde-induced fluorescence can be demonstrated both in cell bodies and in processes. In later stages there is a marked diminution of formaldehyde-induced fluorescence in cell bodies and processes and a decreased number of granules in cell bodies, except in occasional cells within large clumps. These residual, fluorescent, granule-containing cells also remain argentaffinic. Alterations of the cell surface and of cytoplasmic filament arrangements also occur in cells treated with nerve growth factor. Further studies of the PC12 line may help to clarify relationships between morphology and function in the developing and mature autonomic nervous system, and the influence of nerve growth factor on these relationships.
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PMID:Morphologic and cytochemical properties of a clonal line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells which respond to nerve growth factor. 68 2

A short-term fixation of macrophage monolayers by 0.002-0.25% glutaraldehyde solutions gives rise to inhibition of the specific adherence of allogeneic immune cytotoxic lymphocytes to treated monolayers, but does not prevent the absorption of anti-H-2 antibodies. Sarcoma cells fixed by a 0.25% glutaraldehyde or a 3% formaldehyde lost their capacity to induce cytotoxic lymphocytes, rosette forming cells or antibodies in allogeneic mice. The induction of the secondary response by fixed tumor cells was significantly reduced. The results fit well a conception on non-identity of determinants recognized by T cell receptors and serologically defined H-2 specificities.
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PMID:[Effect of macrophage and tumor cell fixation on their immunogenicity and antigenicity in an H-2 system]. 68 43

Embolization therapy is reported in three patients bleeding from metastatic carcinoma of the breast. Two had life threatening hemorrhage from sternal erosion; internal mammary arteriography indicated encasement, false aneurysm formation or tumor blush. The third patient had intermittent bleeding of extensive fungating axillary and anterior chest wall metastases. Autologous clot alone was used in the first case with immediate cessation of bleeding and transient neurological symptoms secondary to back flow of thrombus into the vertebral artery were noted. The second and third patients received Oxycel-Ivalon and Gel-foam respectively; bleeding ceased and no complications were noted.
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PMID:Therapeutic embolization for hemorrhage from locally recurrent cancer of the breast. 70 42

A triple-bridge, indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase method for demonstrating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in frozen, ethanol-fixed or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens was evaluated. Examination of 359 tissue specimens--234 malignant tumors, 37 benign neoplasms, 41 nonneoplastic diseased tissues, and 47 normal specimens--showed that CEA could usually be demonstrated in a group of cancers. We could detect CEA in carcinomas of the stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, and cervix. However, malignant tumors of the breast, prostate, kidney, larynx, brain, lymphoreticular system, soft tissues, and skin proved negative for CEA by the immunoperoxidase test. CEA could be detected in ethanol- or formalin-fixed sections. The only nonmalignant specimens showing CEA staining were a few benign tumors, the mucosae of some cases of colitis, and the resection margins of 2 cases of colon cancer; however, these were commonly very weak reactions. Measurement of tumor CEA content by radioimmunoassay revealed two causes for this relative specificity of the immunoperoxidase test for CEA:1) a quantitative difference existed in tissue CEA among the various specimens, and 2) the threshold for CEA staining in malignant specimens was usually above that in nonmalignant specimens. An analysis of the formalin-paraffin-treated sections showed that immunoperoxidase-tested CEA positivity reflected CEA levels in tissue of at least 3.0-5.0 mug/g; this permitted retrospective estimates of minimal tissue CEA concentrations in older histopathologic specimens by the immunoperoxidase reaction method. Formalin-paraffin-treated sections as old as 10 years still had demonstrable CEA. Although tumor CEA concentration correlated well with immunoperoxidase staining for CEA, plasma CEA titer did not necessarily reflect tumor CEA content. CEA positivity in primary and secondary tumors was strongly correlated; it was less strongly correlated with level of tumor differentiation.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in histopathology: immunoperoxidase staining of conventional tissue sections. 79 93

Spleen cells of mice primed by injection of normal or formaldehyde-treated allogeneic or xenogeneic tumor cells show a dramatically enhanced capacity to generate cytotoxic cells in vitro. This effect appears to be due to priming of a relatively anti-Thy-1 resistant T cell, which does not display immunologic specificity.
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PMID:Stimulator T cells: involvement in the induction of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. 80 19

The effects of fixation with glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA), glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde (GA-FA), flutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide (GA-Os04) and osmium tetroxide (OsO4) on cel volume were studied in control, p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid (PCMBS)-treated and hypotonically-treated Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Among the variables investigated were concentration of the tixative agent, osmolity of the buffer, total osmolaity of the fixation solution, osmolaltity of the postfixation buffer and the time of fixation and postfixation treatment; in addition, the effects of adding calcium and high molecular weight compounds to the fixative solution were studied. When the effects of standard fixatives on control, PCMBS- and hypotonically-treated cells were compared, marked differences were apparent in the behavior of control and injured cells. Control cells retained near prefixation volume in 3% GA and 3% GA-1% OsO4, swelled in 4% FA or 1% OsO4 and phosphate buffer (tkrp), whereas tpcmbs (310 mosM KRP)- and hypotonically-treated cells (103 mos M KRP) shrank in all aldehyde fixatives but swelled in 1% OsO4. Reducing the buffer osmolality had similar effects on control and injured cells although, there were variations in degree...
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PMID:Effects of fixation and postfixation treatments on volume of injured cells;. 80 69


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