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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of surgery and chemotherapy in osteosarcoma are based on a retrospective investigation of 122 patients from 1930 till 1978 treated at the Orthopaedic Department of Vienna University and documented at the Viennese Bone Tumour Registry. Adequate surgery is considered to be the radical elimination of the tumour in an oncological sense, e.g. amputation or resection. Our own patients were examined in this light and different forms of chemotherapy are compared and their efficacy as adjuvant treatment is evaluated. The turning point in the prognosis of osteosarcoma came with the introduction of high-dose methotrexate therapy (HDMTX) in 1972 and which has been employed at the Orthopaedic Department of Vienna University since 1975. So far, HDMTX has been used in the management of 18 patients and the short-term results confirm the excellent results reported in the literature. The consequent change in policy with regard to the current surgical approach to osteosarcoma is discussed in detail.
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PMID:[Osteosarcoma 1978 a turning point in prognosis through adjuvant chemotherapy following adequate surgery (author's transl)]. 28 Oct 55

A case of osteosarcoma arising in the soft tissue of the larynx in an elderly man is presented with light and electron microscopic documentation. The patient developed chronic hoarseness and a recurring polypoid laryngeal tumor, causing acute airway obstruction. He was treated by total laryngectomy, but he died with multiple pulmonary metastases within three months of laryngectomy. This is the third (or possibly fourth) recorded case of osteosarcoma arising in the soft tissues of the larynx, and the previous cases were clinically and pathologically similar to this one. The prognosis of sarcoma of the larynx is poor but may be improved with early recognition and adequate surgical excision.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma of the soft tissue of the larynx: report of a case with light and electron microscopic studies. 28 Dec 60

A multifactorial analysis was performed on all 153 unequivocal cases of genuine osteosarcoma recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968. Cases of so-called parosteal osteosarcoma, soft-tissue osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma secondary to Paget's disease of bone were not included. The osteosarcomas were subclassified as follows: osteoblastic (69 per cent), chondroblastic (19 per cent) and fibroblastic (12 per cent). The overall 5-year survival rate was 22 per cent; 55 per cent for those who had undergone amputation above the joint proximal to the involved skeletal part, 22 per cent for those amputated on the involved skeletal part, 11 per cent for those treated with local extirpation of the tumor, and 1 per cent in cases in which the lesion was not radically removed. Tumors of the femur, humerus and scapula were as malignant as axial tumors. The former carried a 5-year survival rate of 13 per cent, regardless of whether the patients had been treated with exarticulation or amputation on the involved skeletal part. Patients with axial tumors showed a 5-year survival rate of 15 per cent. These survival data suggest that proximal amputation alone might suffice for lesions situated distally to the knee and elbow joints, while tumors in the humerus and femur should be treated with amputation combined with multicytostatic treatment or immunotherapy and axial tumors with local resection and multicytostatic or immunologic treatment.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma. A multifactorial clinical and histopathological study with special regard to therapy and survival. 28 71

Naturally occurring skeletal osteosarcomas in a series of 144 untreated dogs were found especially to involve the ends of the long bones of the forelimbs and affected predominantly older male dogs of giant and large breeds. Most tumors were large and partially necrotic and had extended into soft tissues. Of 12 host and tumor characteristics tested in the first part of the study, tumor diameter and volume were significantly associated with the presence of pulmonary metastases at autopsy. The second part of the study revealed that extension of the tumor into the soft tissues and localization of the tumor in the hind legs were associated with a poor prognosis, whereas the fibrosarcomatous type of tumor was associated, as in man, with a favorable prognosis. An association between the 12 characteristics tested was found in 11 of 78 combinations at the 5% level and in 5 combinations at the 1% level. Affected giant dogs were generally younger than affected small and medium-sized dogs. Especially in giant dogs, the osteosarcomas involved the long bones and were of relatively large diameters. The sarcomas in female dogs were larger in volume than those in males. Pure osteoblastic osteosarcomas were generally smaller than combined (chondroblastic and fibroblastic) osteosarcomas. Peritumorous lymphocytes and plasma cells were present in 50% of the dogs, especially in small and young dogs. When compared with a reference population, great Danes, rottweilers, German shepherds, and boxers were found to be overrepresented in the osteosarcoma group.
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PMID:Some prognostic and epidemiologic factors in canine osteosarcoma. 28 83

An apparently normal, healthy 3-year-old boy developed redness of the left eye. An ophthalmologist discovered an intraocular tumor which he believed arose from the choroid. The child's 17-year-old mother developed osteosarcoma of the right femur during pregnancy and died a short while after his birth. Because of the rarity of malignant melanoma of the choroid in this age group, an exhaustive study was made resulting in firm evidence that this was probably a melanoma. The eye was enucleated. Pathologic study demonstrated a malignant melanoma with unusually pleomorphic cells.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma of choroid developing in the eye of a three-year-old boy. 28 30

Twenty-four patients who had osseous lesions with histological features of both Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma were studied. Because of their appearance, these lesions have been labeled small-cell osteosarcomas. They appear to represent a definite histological entity and the prognosis may be worse for these lesions than for conventional osteosarcomas. It is most important not to misdiagnose this tumor as Ewing's sarcoma because it appears not to be radiosensitive. Radical surgery and modern adjuvant chemotherapy seem to offer the best chance of cure.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma with small cells simulating Ewing's tumor. 28 9

Sera from 8 patients with osteosarcoma and 64 normal individuals were examined by C1q and Raji cell radioimmunoassays for the presence of circulating immune complexes. Of the 8 patients with osteosarcoma, 6 had elevated levels of immune complexes in their sera. The elevated levels of immune complexes were demonstrated by both the C1q radioimmunoassay and the Raji cell radioimmunoassay. The amount of immune complexes was quantitated by Raji cell radioimmunoassay; the mean plus or minus the standard error of the amount of aggregated human IgG equivalent per milliliter of serum was 80.12+/-72.64 micrograms for patients with osteosarcoma and 23.07+/-6.2 micrograms for normal individuals. The blocking effect of sera from patients with osteosarcoma on lymphocyte cytotoxicity against cultured osteosarcoma cells (TE-85) was examined. The result indicated that sera with elevated amounts of immune complexes also had increased levels of blocking activity. Sera were fractionated to separate immune complexes from gamma-globulins. No free tumor-specific antibody could be detected in fractionated gamma-globulin fractions from 2 patients with osteosarcoma. The sera of these patients had high amounts of immune complexes and high blocking activities.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in human osteosarcoma. 28 87

Necropsy of a six year old female German Shepherd revealed the presence of a large oval mass in the thoracic cavity originating from the thickened proximal portion of the right fourth rib. Osteolytic osteosarcoma was diagnosed on the basis of gross appearance, presence of many pleomorphic spindle cells, containing pink stained intracytoplasmic granules in cytological preparations of impression smears of the tumor and histopathology. The tumor was considered highly malignant and was characterized by an abundant osteoblastic and connective tissue stroma with extreme cellular pleomorphism including giant cells, atypical mitoses and occasional trabeculae of tumor bone and osteoid. Metastases were found in the lung and spleen. Electron microscopy was carried out to support the diagnosis.
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PMID:Case report: osteolytic osteosarcoma in a German Shepherd bitch. 28 48

A recent case of primary osteosarcoma of the kidney prompted a review of the literature for this rare malignancy. Six cases have been recorded, and this case represents the seventh. The clinical and pathologic features of this lethal tumor are discussed. The presentation of flank pain, gross hematuria, a palpable mass, and a localized parenchymal calcification on x-ray film should alert the clinician to the possibility of renal osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Primary renal osteosarcoma. 28 84

Primary osteosarcoma of the fifth sternebra is reported in a 6-year-old male Great Dane. Presenting signs were suggestive of myocarditis and pulmonary congestion. Electrocardiography revealed R waves of low and variable amplitude and the plasma alpha-hydroxibutyrate dehydrogenase level was elevated. Radiography revealed neoplasia of the fifth sternebra with extensive bilaterial pulmonary metastases. Histologically the neoplasm showed typical osteosarcoma with plentiful osteoid production.
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PMID:Primary osteosarcoma of the sternum of a dog. 28 60


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