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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Undiluted, fivefold-diluted, and 25-fold-diluted doses of a stock of Moloney murine sarcoma virus were injected directly, in a volume of 0.025 ml, into the backs of fetal Sprague-Dawley rats by laparotomy through the uterine wall at 18 days of gestation. During the first 8 weeks after birth the young responded to the virus with remarkably high but dose-dependent incidences of neoplasms. When a one-fifth dilution of the virus preparation was inoculated at fetal ages 16, 18, and 20 days, the incidences of lesions decreased with advancing fetal age. The tumors developed preferentially at the virus inoculation site and/or in the proximal parts of the extremeties; all were considered to be of mesenchymal derivation, i.e., malignant mesenchymoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma or fibromyxosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, plasmacytoma, and a giant cell tumor. This injection procedure provided us with a valuable experimental tool for the rapid screening or testing of potential chemical carcinogens and other biologic studies.
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PMID:Enhancement of tumor induction in rats with Moloney murine sarcoma virus by a "new" method based on direct injection into fetuses. 26 91

An 11-year-old Caucasian girl who had been cured of bilateral retinoblastoma developed non-radiation-induced osteosarcoma in multiple sites of the extremities. Investigation of the medical histories of 36 of her family members through six generations revealed that 8 relatives on the maternal side (22%) had malignant tumors, predominately genitourinary carcinomas, 2(6%) had benign tumors only, and 2(6%) had both benign and malignant neoplasms. The histologic variety of these tumors, the predominance of genitourinary carcinoma, the higher than expected frequency of tumor appearance over six generations, and the occurrence of malignant tumors in direct lineage suggest that the case of retinoblastoma followed by osteosarcoma is part of a familial cancer syndrome.
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PMID:A new familial cancer syndrome? A spectrum of malignant and benign tumors including retinoblastoma, carcinoma of the bladder and other genitourinary tumors, thyroid adenoma, and a probable case of multifocal osteosarcoma. 26 92

Osteosarcomas formed in antilymphocyte serum (ALS)-treated hamsters when 2x10(6) TE-85 human osteosarcoma cells (maintained in tissue culture) infected with M-MSV (RD-114) virus were injected adjacent to the femur or the scapula; undifferentiated sarcomas formed when 1 x 10(6) cells were injected subcutaneously. Tumors were palpable 10 to 14 days after the cells were injected and grew progressively until the animals died (mean survival time was 30 days). All animals had pulmonary metastases. Neither the subcutaneous sarcomas nor the metastases contained bone or osteoid; however, the osteosarcomas adjacent ot the femur and scapula contained collagen, osteoid and calcified bone when observed by light and electron microscopy. These results indicate that the TE-85-M-MSV cell-ALS hamster system is an animal model for the study of osteosarcomas of human cell origin.
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PMID:An animal model for human osteosarcoma. 26 8

Osteosarcoma cells (BFO cell line) were successfully maintained in tissue culture for 3 years. BFO cells showed 100 per cent tumorigenicity by the isologous implantation, and almost the same histological features as the original BF osteosarcoma. BFO cells synthesize and secrete large quantities of alkaline phosphatase both in vitro (cell culture) and in vivo (tumor bearing mice). BFO cells showed a suppression in synthesizing the osteoinductive factor in vitro, but regained the capacity to synthesize it when implanted back into an isologous host. The cells showed rapid growth, a serum requirement, and no contact inhibition. Doubling time was 8.6 hours in a logarithmic growth phase. Cell cycle analyses by pulse labeling of 3H-thymidine was performed after synchronization of the cells by double treatment with an excess thymidine.
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PMID:Characteristics of osteosarcoma cells in culture. 26 6

New Zealand White rabbits were immunized with whole-cell suspensions of TE-85 cells (from a human osteosarcoma) maintained in tissue culture. RNA was extracted from the lymphoid tissues of the immunized animals. Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were pretreated with both the whole-cell immune RNA (IRNA) and the Sephadex column-eluted fractions of the whole-cell IRNA. Significant stimulation of the cytotoxic effect of the lymphocytes was observed following whole-cell IRNA pretreatment and pretreatment with peak III fractions eluted from the column. This increase in inhibition was observed whether the target cells were TE-85 (the immunizing cells), L.M. and M.Mc. (two unrelated osteosarcoma primary cell cultures), or TE-85-M-MSV cells (a cell line capable of producing a human osteosarcoma in immunosuppressed hamsters). No inhibition was observed when cells from other types of human tumors were used as target cells. The results suggested that the transferred immunity was directed against tumor-specific osteosarcoma antigens.
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PMID:Effect of xenogeneic immune RNA on normal human lymphocytes against human osteosarcoma cells in vitro. 26 78

Human osteosarcoma (HOS) clonal cells transformed in vitro by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were characterized, and compared to non-producer HOS cells transformed by Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (Ki-MSV). The MNNG- and virus-transformed cells grew in the aggregate form above an agar base, grew in soft agar, and had a high fibrinolytic activity. When inoculated into nude mice, all the chemically or virally altered cells produced tumors or tumor nodules. When transplanted into ATS-treated hamsters, the cells transformed by MNNG (0.01 mug/ml) and Ki-MSV produced tumors but MNNG (0.1 mug/ml) transformed cells did not produce tumors. The control HOS cells did not grow in the aggregate form but formed colonies in soft agar, and had low fibrinolytic activity and no capacity to form tumors in nude mice and ATS-treated hamsters. However, one of the control clonal lines had a high level of fibrinolytic activity. Cellular aggregation properties of human transformed cells did appear to correlate with tumorigenicity in nude mice.
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PMID:Characterization of human cells transformed in vitro by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 26 98

Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MSV) was injected directly into the fetuses of Sprague-Dawley rats during the late stage of gestation and into the neonates within 24 hours after birth. Ninety rats developed 188 neoplastic lesions during the 8-week period of observation. Nearly all of the neoplasms were of mesenchymal derivation. Sixty percent of these neoplasms revealed more complex histologic features than those previously reported for neoplasms induced in rodents with M-MSV and were designated "malignant mesenchymoma" which developed preferentially in the proximal parts of the extremities, distant from the inoculation site. Rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma which developed in a pure form at the various sites were the next most common tumor type. Osteosarcoma developing in a pure form and as a component of malignant mesenchymoma in the humerus and femur was comparable to that of juxtacortical osteosarcoma of man; The development of excessive bones were observed in the forelimb and/or hind leg, suggesting a type of skeletal malformation. The reaction to M-MSV merits attention as a model for the study of an osteosarcoma and malignant mesenchymoma as well as rhabdomyosarcoma and also for the study of viral teratogenesis in man, as "rubella syndrome".
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PMID:Pathology of neoplasms and other lesions induced in rats with Moloney murine sarcoma virus. 26 56

Two hundred forty-three patients who had pathologically verified primary osteosarcomas of bone, treated at The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute over a 24-year period, form the basis of this study. These cases provide a basis for comparison of those patients currently receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with those who did not receive such treatment. Anatomic findings in 54 cases subjected to complete postmortem examinations were analyzed. Three significant findings emerged: pulmonary metastases were observed in all but one case, lymph-node metastases were found in only four cases, and in all metastases the histologic pattern reproduced that of the primary lesion. In addition, patients less than 26 years old had a significantly earlier appearance of pulmonary metastases than patients past this age. Patients with osteoblastic tumors had the poorest survival rate, followed by those with chondroblastic lesions. Those with fibroblastic tumors survived longest. In the overall study of 243 cases, tumors in the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia accounted for 147 cases, representing 60.5% of the cases. The highest incidence of the tumor was in the second decade of life, with 76.5% of the cases occurring in patients less than 25 years old. Three-year survival for the series was 21.7%, with only 12.6% surviving five years. Persons with primary lesions in the facial bones had the highest survival rate. Those with lesions in the humerus, tibia, and distal end of the femur had decreasingly lower survival rates. The lowest survival rates were for patients with lesions of the torso. In the femoral cases, size was a factor in survival; no patient with a tumor larger than 10 cm survived longer than five years. The surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy employed--individually or in combination--did not alter appreciably the mortality rate for this tumor; only 12.6% of the patients survived five years or longer. Survivals were directly attributable to surgical procedures, including resection of pulmonary metastases. The data analyzed in this study provide a firm baseline of experience in analyzing results of treatment for osteosarcoma prior to the use of adjuvant chemotherapy, which is currently producing a vastly improved therapeuttic response.
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PMID:Primary osteosarcoma of bone. Clinicopathologic investigation of 243 cases, with necropsy studies in 54. 26 60

The eradication of microfoci of metastatic osteosarcoma by adjuvant chemotherapy permits the surgeon to take a more conservative approach to amputation and to more aggressively resect metastases. In a series of 59 children with osteosarcoma of an extremity, transmedullary amputation carried no greater risk of stump recurrence than either disarticulation or amputation above the joint. We attribute this to careful selection of the level of amputation by use of preoperative bone scans, intraoperative frozen sections of bone stump and intensive postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Immediate application of a prosthetic limb has enhanced the physical and emotional rehabilitation of these patients. Resections of pulmonary metastases in 12 patients who were receiving adjuvant chemotherapy has resulted in a median tumor-free survival of 17 mo, with 3 patients still alive without disease for 13, 25, and 72 mo. A more aggressive approach to the resection of pulmonary metastases may substantially improve current rates of tumor-free survival.
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PMID:Transmedullary amputation and resection of metastases in combined therapy of osteosarcoma. 26 97

Xeroradiography, a method of X-ray imaging based upon selenium photoconductivity, was used for the study of experimental osteosarcoma induced by MSV-M virus in rats. Due to the peculiar features of xeroradiographic image (enhancement of details and lowering of the overall contrast) good pictures of osseous structures together with soft tissues were obtained even in very young animals. Serially perfomred xeroradiographies gave a permanent representation of tumor evolution with time. Advantages and drawbacks of this method are discussed, particularly with respect to radiation dosage. Xeroradiography is proposed for the study of the response to antiblastic chemotherapy of experimental bone tumors.
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PMID:Xeroradiographic evaluation of murine osteosarcoma. 27 Aug 62


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