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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective multicenter study we compared the value of various protocols of mitomycin C and doxorubicin instillation for the prevention of recurrent tumors in patients whose superficial bladder tumors (stages TA and T1) had been removed by transurethral resection. The 3-year and short-term instillation protocols were compared to each other and to a combination of 2 protocols. Evaluation after a mean followup of 28 months confirmed the value of cytostatic bladder instillation in preventing recurrence and progression of tumor in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. There was no significant difference between the results of long-term and short-term prophylaxis; their combination achieved the best results. Doxorubicin and mitomycin yielded similar results; mitomycin was better tolerated.
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PMID:Comparison of different schedules of cytostatic intravesical instillations in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma: final evaluation of a prospective multicenter study with 419 patients. 211 90

A total of 10 uterine cervical cancer patients (stage IIb 2, stage IIIb 6, stage IVb 2) were treated two times with selective intra-arterial injection of combined drugs of CDDP, ADR, 5-FU, MMC before operation or radiation therapy. In all patients, the tumor size was reduced macroscopically as well as on MR images. The tumor marker SCC was decreased after TAI. In 7 cases (IIb 2, IIIb 4, IVb 1) surgical treatment was made about 1 month after TAI. Histological examinations revealed that the cancer invasion markedly reduced and no malignant cells found in 3 patients.
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PMID:[Transcatheter intra-arterial injection of combination drugs in case of advanced uterine cervical cancer]. 211 63

This investigation was conducted to provide preclinical in vivo tumor response data collected under standardized conditions with a range of clinically useful drugs combined with type I (alpha/beta) or type II (gamma) interferon. Murine tumor models used were P388 leukemia, Meth A sarcoma, and B16 melanoma. Eleven cytotoxic drugs were studied. Interferon combinations with cytosine arabinoside provided consistent indications of activity greater than that of the respective single agents. Doxorubicin and cisplatin each prolonged the time to treatment failure, relative to single-agent results, when they were combined with gamma-interferon in the Meth A and B16 models. Interferon combinations with methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, ampligen, suramin, 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and vinblastine yielded no evidence of any positive therapeutic interactions under the conditions of this study.
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PMID:Evaluation of combinations of interferons and cytotoxic drugs in murine tumor models in vivo. 211 61

Sensitivities to anti-tumor drugs, mitomycin C (MMC), aclarubicin hydrochloride (ACR), doxorubicin hydrochloride (ADR), cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (5FU), were examined using PK-1, -8, -9, -12, -14, and -16 cell lines derived from human pancreatic cancer. These cell lines showed different sensitivities to each of the above anti-tumor drugs. The concentrations required for 50% growth-inhibition (IC50) after 2 hours of exposure were 0.096 to 0.35 micrograms/ml for MMC, 0.0074 to 0.0076 micrograms/ml for ACR, 0.033 to 0.23 micrograms/ml for ADR, 0.35 to 1.9 micrograms/ml for cisplatin, and 21 to 42 micrograms/ml for 5FU, IC50 of each anti-tumor drug decreased significantly after 48 hours of exposure. The combination of any two out of MMC, ACR, and 5FU showed synergistic inhibition of the growth of PK-1 and PK-8 cell lines. These results show that MMC, ACR, ADR, cisplatin, and 5FU have sufficient anti-tumor effect against six human pancreatic cancer cell lines even at clinically achievable concentrations and exposure times, and chemotherapy for pancreatic cancers requires naturally effective drug delivery into cancer tissues.
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PMID:Growth-inhibitory effect of combination chemotherapy for human pancreatic cancer cell lines. 212 26

The clinical efficacy and indications for Angiotensin II (AT II)-induced hypertension chemotherapy were evaluated as a drug delivery system in 101 patients with advanced carcinoma. The sites of primary tumor studied included stomach (44), pancreas (18), colon (16), esophagus (6), bile duct (4), liver (3), breast (7) and 3 other single organs. Seventy four cases had distant metastases (lymph node (25), liver (29), peritoneum (16), and lung (4)). Additionally, the protocol was used 12 cases as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and 15 cases following exploratory laparotomy. The blood pressure was elevated to a level 1.5 times base-line. The regimens used consisted of MMC + ADR (55), FAM (38) and CDDP (8). The dosages administered were MMC 7 mg/m2, ADR 14 mg/m2 and 5-FU 350 mg/m2. The cancer chemotherapy protocol with AT II was repeated for an average of 2.6 cycles with a 2-3 week interval. The drug concentration in tumor tissues was increased 1.7 fold by AT II treatment. The response rate was 15.8% (CR 7 and PR 9), and in those patients with lymph node, liver and peritoneal metastases was 48.0, 6.9 and 6.3%, respectively. The serum levels of tumor markers decreased in 9 patients. Subjective symptoms, such as hoarseness, edema and pain, were improved. The mean survival in patients with distant metastasis who responded was 343 days, and in nonresponders was only 168 days (p less than 0.05). The side effects of this therapy were slight, typically being grade 1 and 2. Thus, the chemotherapeutic agents studied in conjunction with AT II were effective in patients with lymph node metastasis. Additionally, this regimen could be performed safely with minimal side effects.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of chemotherapy under angiotensin II-induced hypertension in patients with advanced cancer. 213 Jul 94

Adults with Wilms' tumor (WT) have had a poor prognosis. More recently, therapies used in children, who have a better outlook, are also being employed for adults. This study was undertaken to see whether adults with WT have benefited. The results of treatment of 27 adults with WT were reported to the National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS) from 1979 to 1987. The ages of the 27 adults ranged from 16 to 74 years (median, 24 years). Four had anaplastic WT, and 23 had favorable histology (FH) WT. All but one patient underwent nephrectomy, 21 were given postoperative radiation therapy, and 25 received chemotherapy. The agents used most often included actinomycin D (AMD), vincristine (VCR), and doxorubicin (Adriamycin; ADR). There were six Stage I, five Stage II, four Stage III, 11 Stage IV, and one Stage V patients. The 3-year survival rate is 67%. These results are better than the 24% reported by the NWTS in the past for adults with WT. Analyses of the therapies given to the 27 adults lead to the following recommendations: for Stage I/FH patients, 6 months of postoperative chemotherapy using AMD + VCR without postoperative radiation therapy; and for Stage II, III, and IV/FH, VCR + AMD + ADR for 15 months + 2000 cGy to the tumor bed, 1200 to 1500 cGy to the lungs, 2000 cGy to the liver, and 3000 cGy to other sites as appropriate in patients with metastases at diagnosis.
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PMID:Better survival after combined modality care for adults with Wilms' tumor. A report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study. 216 46

Antitumor effect of TNF has been demonstrated to be increased with some kinds of anticancer agents. We reported antitumor effect of hepatic endogenous TNF induced with gamma-IFN and OK-432 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To increase antitumor effect of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), hepatic arterial chemoembolization was performed with a mixture of gamma-IFN, OK-432 and gelatin sponge following a mixture of Doxorubicin and iodized oil (LPO) on the first time. Serum alpha-fetoprotein decreased from 18,903 ng/ml to 470 ng/ml but elevated three months after these procedures. Following the above procedure, hepatic arterial embolization with a mixture of gelatin sponge and Actinomycin D as an inhibitor of RNA was given the second time. Serum alpha-fetoprotein decreased under 5 ng/ml and computed tomography revealed decreased tumor size and low density area following this second procedure. Hepatic arterial chemoembolization with a mixture of hepatic induction of endogenous TNF and anticancer agents may well be beneficial for survival of patient with HCC.
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PMID:[Chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial induction of endogenous TNF and anticancer agents for hepatocellular carcinoma--a case report]. 216 47

The property of selective deposition of oily contrast medium, Lipiodol (LPD), in tumor tissue was utilized for targetting intraarterial infusion chemotherapy for hepatic cancers. For this therapy anti-cancer agents need to be suspended in LPD. In this report the new suspension device using ultrasonificator attached with Cuphorn was studied. Doxorubicin (Dx) was stable to ultrasonification for 1 hour. Ten mg/ml of Dx was mixed with LPD and this mixture was treated 2 times for 5 minutes with the ultrasonification method. This procedure was simple and sterile, as the commercially used Dx vials into which LPD was injected were set in the Cuphorn and ultrasonificated just as sealed. Microscopic examination of the suspension showed uniform dispersion of Dx particles without formation of aggregates. Dx particles were finely and regularly fragmented. In vitro the suspensions showed a gradual release of Dx from LPD to water phase. In one case with hepatocellular carcinoma received intraarterial infusion of this suspension, the size of the tumor and serum level of alpha-fetoprotein was prominently decreased. This ultrasonification method was simple and convenient to prepare Dx-in-oil suspension.
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PMID:[A new method of preparation of doxorubicin-in-oil suspension using ultrasonificator attached with Cuphorn]. 217 76

The synthetic ether lipids ET-18-OCH3 and BM41.440 and a derivative, hexadecylphosphocholine, were tested for inhibition of [3H]-thymidine uptake into a Chinese hamster ovarian cell line (AUXBl) and its multidrug-resistant subline selected for colchicine resistance (CHRC5). The activity of all three compounds against the multidrug-resistant subline was equal to or higher than that against the parent line. The same result was found for their activity against a human leukemic lymphoblastic cell line (CEM/O) and its methotrexate-resistant subline (CEM/MTX). In contrast, two multidrug-resistant cell lines selected for resistance to Adriamycin, the mouse leukemia cell line P388/ADR and the murine sarcoma cell line S180/ADR, expressed modest cross-resistance to the lipids as measured by thymidine uptake. Experiments performed using the trypan-blue dye-exclusion assay yielded comparable results, although this system revealed a slightly different sensitivity in showing the cytotoxicity of the drugs. By this assay, modest cross-resistance for ET-18-OCH3 and BM41.440 to Adriamycin was found only after 24 h incubation and decreased after 48 h incubation, with almost equal sensitivity to both drugs being shown by the parental (P388/W) and resistant lines (P388/ADR). Furthermore, findings from a human tumor-cloning assay were in accordance with these data, although they did not indicate cross-resistance for the P388/ADR cell line. These results suggest that certain ether lipids and derivatives might represent valuable anticancer drugs warranting further study in the setting of resistant disease.
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PMID:Cross-resistance pattern of cell lines selected for resistance towards different cytotoxic drugs to membrane-toxic phospholipids in vitro. 222 15

Ninety-eight pediatric patients were treated with three separate protocols (Treatment and investigation of Osteosarcoma [TIOS] I, II, and III) and 47 developed recurrent disease (metastases and/or local recurrence). Actuarial overall disease-free survival (hereafter designated survival) was 43%. Over 90% of the patients were treated initially with preoperative intraarterial cisplatin (CDP). Postoperative chemotherapeutic regimens comprised high-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue (MTX-CF), Adriamycin [( ADR] doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cyclophosphamide. Primary definitive treatment comprised amputation or limb salvage (TIOS I and TIOS III). Patients treated with preoperative CDP and surgery (TIOS I and III) had a 62% survival. Patients in TIOS II refused surgical extirpation; they were treated exclusively with chemotherapy and had a 23% survival. Survival in patients treated with amputation was 55% and limb salvage 58%. Prognostic factors considered significant in relation to development of pulmonary metastases comprised tumor burden (P = .04) and the percentage of tumor necrosis induced by preoperative chemotherapy (P = .01). Histopathologic subtype was marginally significant: chondroblastic was more favorable as opposed to osteoblastic (P = .05). These findings are compared with results and prognostic factors published in the literature.
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PMID:Pediatric osteosarcoma: therapeutic strategies, results, and prognostic factors derived from a 10-year experience. 223 Aug 90


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