Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven patients with unresectable or marginally resectable (stage III and IV) cancer of the head and neck were treated according to protocol with preoperative chemotherapy, surgical resection, and postoperative radiotherapy. Chemotherapy consisted of a combination of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cis-DDP), 120 mg/M2, and bleomycin, 15 mg/M2, given sequentially during a three week treatment period. Seven patients initially had unresectable lesions which became amenable to surgical resection after chemotherapy. All eleven patients had approximately a 25 to 100 per cent reduction in tumor size. Histopathologic examination after chemotherapy showed a marked tendency towards cellular differentiation and keratin formation. Tumor necrosis was conspicuous by its absence. These histologic changes appear to be different from those seen after the use of other chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. The histopathologic results closely resemble those found after the administration of bleomycin alone, although considerably accentuated.
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PMID:Histopathologic findings after cis-platinum bleomycin therapy in advanced previously untreated head and neck carcinoma. 8 17

Eleven patients with measurable, previously treated oat-cell carcinoma of the lung received DDP 80 mg/m2 once every three weeks. The drug was given as a 6-hour infusion. In 4 patients a partial remission was achieved: 2 others showed a minor tumor regression. The main toxicity was vomiting, whereas generally myelosuppression and nephrotoxicity were manageable. Based on these preliminary data, a further investigation of DDP in the treatment of oat-cell carcinoma of the lung is definitely warranted.
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PMID:[Preliminary results of a phase-II study with DDP (cis-diaminedichloro-platinum) in the small cell bronchogenic carcinoma]. 22 37

Alkylating anticancer drugs are varied in chemical structure, alkylating moieties, and likely mechanisms of cytotoxic activity for vital normal cells and sensitive tumor cells. This has been objectively documented by numerous examples illustrating: (1) different in vitro and in vivo reaction products; (2) greater than additive, additive, and less than additive cytotoxicity of drug combinations for vital normal cells in the mouse; (3) readily reproducible and often marked therapeutic synergism between a variety of 2-drug combinations of alkylating agents against a wide variety of histologic types of murine tumors, and (4) observed resistance and cross-resistance of a variety of murine tumors, selected for resistance to specific alkylating agents, compatible with recognized chemical and functional differences between these drugs. The most important observations on resistance and cross-resistance reported are: (a) L1210 cells selected for complete resistance to cyclophosphamide (CPA) retain full sensitivity to selected nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU, MeCCNU), chlorozotocin), dianhydrogalactitol, and cis-DDPt, while retaining marked but somewhat reduced sensitivity to L-PAM, piperazinedione, and thioTEPA. (B) L1210 cells selected for resistance to BCNU retain full sensitivity to CPA, L-PAM, and dianhydrogalactitol. They show complete cross-resistance to BIC and variable cross-resistance to other selected nitrosoureas and piperazinedione. (c) L1210/L-PAM has incomplete but marked resistance to L-PAM. It is similar to the parent drug-sensitive line (L1210/0) in response to BCNU, CCNU, MeCCNU, and BIC. It is variably (usually moderately) cross-resistant to CPA, chlorozotocin, dianhydrogalactitol, and thioTEPA, but is completely cross-resistant to cis-DDPt. These resistance and cross-resistance patterns, which are consistent with most other biological and chemical principles established with these alkylating agents, may be useful in selecting alkylating drug combinations for inclusion in chemotherapy protocols in man which, on the basis of diverse observations in animal tumor systems, appear to be clearly indicated.
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PMID:Patterns of resistance and therapeutic synergism among alkylating agents. 34 78

Nineteen patients with advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma were treated with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP), 50 mg/m2 as an iv bolus once every 3 weeks. Prior treatment had exhausted other chemotherapeutic options or damaged the bone marrow sufficiently to contra-indicate treatment with standard drugs. All patients had evaluable tumors and evidence of failure of prior therapy. DDP produced objective responses, relieved symptoms due to tumor, and improved the patients' quality of survival. There were no serious hematologic complications due to therapy except anemia.
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PMID:Treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with cis=dichlorodiammineplatinum(II): poor-risk patients with intensive prior therapy. 35 Mar 92

An attempt to introduce combined therapy for patients with testicular seminoma in the II degree of clinical advancement was undertaken at the Centre of Oncology. Combined therapy consisted of 3 courses of PVB in the following daily doses: DDP 100 mg/m2 i.v. on the first day; VLB 10 mg i.v. on the first and second day; bleomycin 30 mg i.v. on the second, ninth and sixteenth day every 21 days, and 60Co on lymphatic glands area in which metastases were diagnosed prior to chemotherapy. Twenty three patients were treated that way between January 1985 and June 1989. Mean follow-up period after the treatment was 14 months. One patient died for the tumor, metastases to the lungs were diagnosed in one patient 9 months after completion of the treatment which ameliorated after "second" chemotherapy, and 22 patients (96%) are still free from the symptoms of active disease.
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PMID:[Evaluation of the results of combined treatment of patients with testicular seminoma in the II stage of clinical advancement]. 128 12

This paper refers to some of the chemical and biological properties of a new platinum (II) complex where the aromatic amino group of procaine is involved in the coordination with platinum and whose structure was defined by UV, IR, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis. This new cationic platinum-triamine complex (DPR) displays excellent solubility (> 50 mg/ml) and stability in water. DPR has significant in vitro cytotoxicity against murine P388 leukemic cell line, human K562 erythroleukemic cell line and human Jurkat T cell line. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of DPR on P388 and Jurkat leukemic cells were comparable to those of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), while its activity on K562 cells was significantly better than that of DDP [IC50 = 1.07 +/- 0.36 (SD) microM vs 2.62 +/- 0.23 (SD) microM, P < 0.01]. The in vitro Pt accumulation rate for P388 cells was twice as rapid after DPR than after DDP exposure, while no difference in cellular platinum efflux was observed. The antitumor activity of DPR was tested in vivo against P388 leukemic cells in BDF1 mice and gave a % ILS value (75%) similar to that of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of DDP (8 mg/Kg). A comparative study of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) levels and kidney morphological analysis in tumor-bearing mice receiving the LD50 dose of both drugs (39.3 mg/Kg and 16.5 mg/Kg for DPR and DDP, respectively), showed DPR to be less nephrotoxic than DDP. These results indicate that this new cationic platinum-triamine complex containing primary amine ligand is surprisingly active both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, the good characteristics of DPR in terms of high solubility, encouraging anticancer activity and absence of nephrotoxic effects make DPR a promising new platinum anticancer agent for preclinical development.
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PMID:Synthesis and antitumor activity of a new cis-diammineplatinum (II) complex containing procaine hydrochloride. 129 76

The effects of bismuth nitrate pretreatment on the toxicity and antitumor activity of repeatedly administered cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (Cisplatin; CDDP) were examined using nude mice inoculated with human bladder tumor tissues. Lethal and renal toxicities exerted by the repeated administration of CDDP were effectively prevented by pretreatment with bismuth (Bi) without affecting its antitumor activity against transplanted human bladder tumor as in the case of single dose of the drug reported previously. The renal Bi level was gradually increased with the frequency of Bi administration, and metallothionein (MT) induced by Bi in the kidneys maintained its substantially high level during the treatment. It was confirmed that MT was not induced in the tumors even by the 5 cycles of repeated Bi administration. This specific protection shown by the Bi preadministration against the toxicity of repeatedly injected CDDP can be explained by the fact that Bi markedly induces MT in the kidney, a major target organ of CDDP toxicity, but not in the tumor tissues inoculated in the nude mice, probably because Bi is efficiently taken up by the kidney but hardly incorporated into the tumor tissues as reported previously. These data obtained by repeated doses of CDDP as described above strongly suggest a promising protocol for chemotherapy using CDDP with Bi compounds, a tissue specific MT inducer, against advanced bladder tumor in human.
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PMID:Tissue-specific induction of metallothionein by bismuth as a promising protocol for chemotherapy with repeated administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) against bladder tumor. 129 77

Using tumor-bearing mice as experimental animals, the survival rate, hematopoietic, heart, liver, kidney and immunological functions as indexes, Liu Wei Rehmannia Oral Liquid against the side-effect of drugs of anti-tumor chemotherapy (ADM, CTX, DDP, VCR and 5FU) were observed. The results showed that the survival rate in the treated group was significantly higher than that in control, the survival days were highly different (P < 0.01); the hemopoietic functions (HB, WBC, PL) in the treated group were higher also (P < 0.05 & P < 0.01); in the functions of heart, liver and kidney the treated group could protect the above-mentioned three organs (P < 0.01); in immune functions, the oral liquid could protect the NK and T-, B-Lymphocyte transformation, being inhibited by drugs of chemotherapy. In comparing with control group NK and T lymphocyte transformation were all significantly different (P < 0.01 & P < 0.05), while only 3 chemotherapy drugs were markedly different in B lymphocyte transformation (P < 0.05 & P < 0.01). The discussion indicated that Liu Wei Rehmannia Oral Liquid is effective in protecting the functions of hematopoiesis, immunity, heart, liver and kidney during chemotherapy, which provides an objective data for the clinical application.
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PMID:[Research on liu wei Rehmannia oral liquid against side-effect of drugs of anti-tumor chemotherapy]. 130 43

A case of malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma) arising from the right lacrimal gland is reported. A 63-year-old man was referred to our clinic because of visual disturbance and protrusion of the right eye in January, 1989. His past history revealed that he had had a benign mixed tumor of the right lacrimal gland resected 19 years ago. On CT scan, an iso-density lesion homogeneously enhanced with contrast medium was found in the right orbit. This tumor was partially cystic and invaded the cranial cavity. On T1 and T2 weighted MRI, the tumor appeared as an iso-intensity area. At surgery, the tumor was subtotally resected via the combined fronto-orbital approach on February 3, 1990. Histological diagnosis of the tumor was squamous cell carcinoma, and it was construed to be a malignant transformation of mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland. Postoperatively he was placed on a course of external radiation therapy (63 Gy in total) in combination with intra-carotid Cisplatin injection therapy. The first sign of the recurrence was seen as multiple metastatic lesions in both lungs about 4 months after the surgery. In December, 1990, protrusion of the left eye and disturbance of ocular movement became progressively worse. On CT scan, recurrent metastatic tumor was seen in the left orbit and paranasal sinuses. Although additional chemotherapy and irradiation brought about a short period of symptomatic relief he succumbed to pneumonia in April 18, 1990. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed in the lung at autopsy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor of lacrimal gland to squamous cell carcinoma 19 years after initial surgery: report of a case]. 131 Aug 2

We describe a case of hCG-producing large cell carcinoma of the lung in a 73-year-old man who had gynecomastia associated with high serum concentration of hCG. Serum hCG levels fluctuated in parallel with the response of the cancer to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The patient was admitted to our hospital with a huge mass shadow in the right lung filed on chest X-ray film on July 31, 1989. Physical examination revealed bilateral gynecomastia. Serum hCG and beta-hCG were 1108.0 mIU/ml (Normal less than 2.0) and 31.9 ng/ml (Normal less than 1.0), respectively. Clinical staging was T2N1M0, determined by radioisotope scanning of bone, and CT scans of the chest, brain and upper abdomen. Right upper and middle lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed on August 18, 1989. The tumor, 6 x 6 x 8 cm in size, was located in the middle lobe and was histologically confirmed to be large cell carcinoma of the lung. A few of small nodules found on the surface of the middle lobe at thoracotomy were histologically proved to be pleural dissemination. Metastatic involvement was present in the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. The pathological stage was concluded to be T4N2M0. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining reaction for hCG within some of the tumor cells. Three weeks after the operation, serum hCG had decreased rapidly but did not reach the normal range. Two courses of DDP, VDS, and MMC were given at four week intervals. Following chemotherapy, serum hCG decreased to the normal range. He was discharged from our hospital on November 29, 1989.2+ useful parameter for the evaluation of treatment and the prediction of prognosis.
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PMID:[A case of hCG-producing large cell carcinoma of the lung--clinical utility of serum hCG levels]. 132 6


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