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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The amount of mannose 6-phosphate/IGF II receptors in fibroblasts from five I-cell patients was about 2-fold higher than in control fibroblasts. The elevated receptor concentration, which led to a higher binding and uptake of mannose 6-phosphate containing ligands and to a higher binding of IGF II resulted from an increased rate of synthesis, while the stability of the receptor was comparable to that in control fibroblasts. Control fibroblasts respond to mannose 6-phosphate, IGF I, IGF II and tumor promoting phorbol esters with a rapid redistribution of mannose 6-phosphate/IGF II receptors from internal membranes to the cell surface. In I-cell fibroblasts only a moderate increase in cell surface receptors was seen after exposure to these effectors. In contrast to control fibroblasts the treatment of I-cell fibroblasts with lysosomotropic amines failed to affect the mannose 6-phosphate containing ligand binding to the receptor. These data provide evidence for multiple potential regulatory sites in intracellular mannose 6-phosphate/IGF II receptor pathway which differ in control and I-cell fibroblasts.
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PMID:Mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor in I-cell disease fibroblasts: increased synthesis and defective regulation of cell surface expression. 131 98

Tumor glucose use in patients with non-islet-cell tumors has been difficult to measure, particularly in hepatoma, because of hepatic involvement by neoplasm. We studied a patient with nonhepatic recurrence of hepatoma after successful liver transplantation. Tumor tissue contained messenger RNA for insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II), and circulating high molecular weight components and E-peptide of IGF-II were increased. Glucose use measured by isotope dilution with [3-3H]glucose was 7.94 mg/kg fat-free mass per min, and splanchnic glucose production was 0.93 mg/kg fat-free mass per min. Glucose uptake and glucose model parameters were independently measured in tissues by positron emission tomography with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. Glucose uptake by heart muscle, liver, skeletal muscle, and neoplasm accounted for 0.8, 14, 44, and 15% of total glucose use, respectively. Model parameters in liver and neoplasm were not significantly different, and glucose transport and phosphorylation were twofold and fourfold greater than in muscle. This suggests that circulating IGF-II-like proteins are partial insulin agonists, and that hypoglycemia in hepatoma with IGF-II production is predominantly due to glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and suppression of glucose production.
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PMID:Glucose utilization in a patient with hepatoma and hypoglycemia. Assessment by a positron emission tomography. 131 26

A fluorine-18 labeled analogue of D-talose, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-talose ([18F]FDT), was synthesized via nucleophilic fluorination with [18F]fluoride ion and its biodistributions in animals were examined. Radiofluorination of benzyl 3,5,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-O-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)-alpha-D-galac tof uranoside (5) with aminopolyether supported potassium [18F]fluoride (K18F/Kry222) in acetonitrile followed by deprotection of the [18F]fluorinated intermediate (6) with boron tribromide in CH2Cl2 gave [18F]FDT in an average radiochemical yield of 29% with a radiochemical purity greater than 98%. Biodistribution studies of [18F]FDT in mice bearing fibrosarcoma showed the highest uptake of radioactivity in the liver (34.9% dose/g), followed by the kidney (15.9%dose/g), the small intestine (12.9%dose/g) and fibrosarcoma (5.7%dose/g), at 30 min after i.v. administration. Although the radioactivity in the kidney and small intestine decreased with time, the uptake in the liver and the tumor slightly increased until 120 min. The high liver uptake of [18F]FDT was also observed in normal rats and this uptake was strongly inhibited by co-administration of D-galactose. These preliminary results suggest that [18F]FDT might be metabolized through the galactose metabolic pathway as analogously observed with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-galactose which is an isomer with respect to carbon-2 of [18F]FDT, and that it may be another candidate for studying liver function by positron emission tomography.
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PMID:Synthesis and biodistribution of a fluorine-18 labeled analogue of D-talose: 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-talose. 132 21

The enzyme D-galactose oxidase (GO) oxidizes the carbon-6 position of the hydroxyl groups of galactose-N-acetyl galactosamine, which are commonly present in colon cancer cells and in rectal mucin of patients with colon cancer. We have studied the marker disaccharide galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine on tissue sections by the GO-Schiff reagent in normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic human colorectal epithelial and compared it with peanut agglutinin reactivity. Fifty-seven (81.4%) of 70 carcinomas, 83.3% (10/12) of precancerous lesions, 50% (10/20) of the mucosa remote from cancer, and 58.1% (25/43) of the mucosa immediately adjacent to cancer showed a positive reaction with GO-Schiff, but the normal control mucosa was nonreactive. The GO-Schiff reagent showed an intense reactivity with mucinous adenocarcinomas and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. An intense reactivity was also seen in the intracellular mucus of abnormal dilated crypts (polyps, five of five cases; colitis, four of seven cases; and remote mucosa, 10 of 20 cases). Comparison of peanut agglutinin and GO-Schiff reactivity showed that the nonmucinous (glandular) adenocarcinomas less frequently reacted with the GO-Schiff sequence. Our results showed that the carbohydrate moiety detected by the two techniques may not necessarily be the same, warranting further biochemical analysis. Meanwhile, the data suggested that, like peanut agglutinin, the GO-Schiff sequence has the potential to identify the tumor marker either at the tissue level or by a mucin test for screening colorectal cancer or precancer.
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PMID:Detection of the tumor marker D-galactose-beta-(1-->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine in colonic cancer and precancer. 133 46

Insulin-secreting cells (RINm5F) have successfully been grown on a large scale on poly-L-lysine coated-polystyrene microcarriers, providing a high cell number in a restricted volume under conditions that respect the metabolic integrity of these anchorage-dependent cells. The energetic metabolism of the perfused cells has been followed non-invasively by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Glucose starvation induced a rapid decrease in nucleoside triphosphates (mainly ATP) pools, correlated with an increase in Pi level. The initial ATP level was rapidly recovered when the cells were refed with glucose or with mannose, but not with galactose, even after 2 h of perfusion. These differential effects of hexoses on energetic metabolism might be related to their various insulin-release actions on tumor islet cells.
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PMID:Energetic metabolism of glucose, mannose and galactose in glucose-starved rat insulinoma cells anchored on microcarrier beads. A phosphorus-31 NMR study. 133 3

Glycosides of aranciamycinone were prepared by glycosylation with sugar acetates and trimethylsilyl triflate in dichloromethane. Glycosides of the following sugars were prepared: alpha-L-rhamnopyranose, beta-D-glucopyranose, beta-D-ribopyranose, beta-D-xylopyranose, alpha-L-fucopyranose, 2-azido-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranose, 2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranose, 3,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranose, and 4,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranose. The new glycosides were tested for inhibition of Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and Yoshida Sarcoma tumor cells.
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PMID:Synthesis and collagenase inhibition of new glycosides of aranciamycinone: the aglycon of the naturally occurring antibiotic aranciamycin. 133 59

A D-galactose-specific agglutinin, named sinularian, has been isolated from the soft coral Sinularia sp. by affinity chromatography on acid-treated Sepharose 4B and by gel filtration on HPLC. Sinularian was a glycoprotein containing 11% sugar. It gave a single band corresponding to 78 kDa in SDS-PAGE, irrespective of a treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol. Sinularian agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes and murine leukemia cells but not sheep or human ABO erythrocytes. Its hemagglutinating activity was Ca(++)-independent. Sinularian promoted binding of macrophages to tumor cells.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of an agglutinin of the soft coral Sinularia species. 135 64

Lectin binding patterns in ten mouse malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)-like sarcomas containing eosinophilic globule (EG) cells and in granular metrial gland (GMG) cells of mouse placenta were stained with nine lectins (Con A, LCA, WGA, DBA, SBA, e-PHA, PNA, RCA-I and UEA-I) by an avidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex method. EG cells stained strongly with DBA, SBA and PNA which are specific for N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and/or D-galactose. DBA and SBA bound throughout the cytoplasm including the globules; PNA reacted preferentially at the cell surface. There was no evidence that these three lectins were reactive for immature EG cells. WGA, RCA-I and e-PHA also gave a slightly to moderately positive reaction to globules of EG cells. The results indicate that the globules contain abundant O-linked sequences of sugars, but also a few N-linked residues. MFH tumor cells showed a variable degree of binding with Con A, RCA-I, and WGA, but did not react with DBA, SBA and PNA. On the other hand, GMG cells exhibited specific affinities for DBA, SBA and PNA with staining patterns similar to those of EG cells. These findings suggest that EG and GMG cells may be of the same cellular lineage.
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PMID:Eosinophilic globule cells in mouse MFH-like sarcomas: lectin histochemistry. 135 25

The use of synthetic trisaccharides as acceptors led to the definition of five main (1----3)-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase activity patterns in human adult tissues: (I). Myeliod cells, granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphoblasts, transfer an alpha-L-fucopyranosyl group to O-3 of a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucosyl residue of H blood-group Type 2 oligosaccharide [alpha-L-Fucp-(1----2)-beta-D-Galp-(1----4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc----R] with Mn2+ as activator. (II) Brain has the same acceptor specificity pattern as myeloid cells, but can also use Co2+ as activator. (III) Plasma and liver transfer an alpha-L-furopyranosyl group to H blood-group Type 2 and to sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine [alpha-NeuAc-(2----3)-beta-D-Galp-(1----4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc----R]. (IV) Intestine, gall bladder, kidney, and milk have the same activity as (III), but also transfer an alpha-L-fucopyranosyl group to O-4 of a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose residue of H blood-group Type 1 [alpha-L-Fucp-(1----2)-beta-D-Galp-(1----3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc----R] and sialyl Type 1 [alpha-NeuAc-(1----3)-beta-D-Galp-(1----3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc----R]. (V) Stomach mucosa is not able to use sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine, but can transfer an alpha-L-fucopyranosyl group to the other Type 1 and Type 2 acceptors. Unlike in adult tissue, a single myeloid-like pattern of (1----3)-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase activity was found at early stages of development in all tissues tested. This embryonic enzyme is later progressively replaced by enzymes or mixtures of enzymes having the corresponding adult patterns of enzyme expression. All lymphoblastoid cell lines and half of the tumor epithelial cell lines tested expressed the myeloid-like pattern of enzyme found in normal embryonic tissues. The remaining tumor epithelial cell lines expressed different forms of (1----3/4)-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase acceptor specificity patterns.
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PMID:Five specificity patterns of (1----3)-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase activity defined by use of synthetic oligosaccharide acceptors. Differential expression of the enzymes during human embryonic development and in adult tissues. 136 57

E-selectin is the inducible adhesion protein on the surface of endothelial cells which has a crucial role in the initial stages of recruitment of leucocytes to sites of inflammation. In addition, it is almost certainly involved in tumor cell adhesion and metastasis. This report is concerned with identification of a new class of oligosaccharide ligand--sulfate-containing--for the human E-selectin molecule from among oligosaccharides on an ovarian cystadenoma glycoprotein. This has been achieved by application of the neoglycolipid technology to oligosaccharides released from the glycoprotein by mild alkaline beta-elimination. Oligosaccharides were conjugated to lipid, resolved by thin-layer chromatography, and tested for binding by Chinese hamster ovary cells which had been transfected to express the full-length E-selectin molecule. Several components with strong E-selectin binding activity were revealed among acidic oligosaccharides. The smallest among these was identified by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometric analysis of the neoglycolipid, in conjunction with methylation analysis of the purified oligosaccharide preparation as an equimolar mixture of the Le(a)- and Le(x)/SSEA-1-type fucotetrasaccharides sulfated at position 3 of outer galactose: [formula: see text] To our knowledge this is the first report of a sulfofucooligosaccharide ligand for E-selectin. The binding activity is substantially greater than those of lipid-linked Le(a) and Le(x)/SSEA-1 sequences and is at least equal to that of the 3'-sialyl-Le(x)/SSEA-1 glycolipid analogue.
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PMID:Novel sulfated ligands for the cell adhesion molecule E-selectin revealed by the neoglycolipid technology among O-linked oligosaccharides on an ovarian cystadenoma glycoprotein. 138 86


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