Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
 ...
PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31

Transcatheter arterial chemo-embolization with lipiodol and anticancer agents (LP-TACE) is a highly effective therapeutic method for treating liver cancer. It has been difficult, however, to evaluate how lipiodol, an oil, and anticancer agents dissolved in an aqueous contrast medium are retained in tumors. This paper reports the study on the dynamics of anticancer agents administered in LP-TACE both in vitro and in tumor-bearing animals using emulsions produced by mixing lipiodol and adriamycin (ADM) dissolved in Gd-DTPA. The results were as follows. 1) ADM was dissolved in contrast mediums (60% Urografin and Gd-DTPA) and each solution was emulsified by mixing with lipiodol. The emulsion separated into two distinct layers 5 min. after mixing. From this observation it is guessed that lipiodol and anticancer agents also separate in tumors after administration in LP-TACE. 2) Rabbits with VX2 carcinoma implanted in their lower limbs were treated by chemo-embolization and subjected to serial observations for changes in signals on MRI. The signal intensity markedly increased, persisting until one week after administration, when the tumor was resected. This change may have been owing to Gd-DTPA retained in the tumor, indicating that the anticancer agent is not washed out, even after separating from lipiodol, but is retained in the tumor. 3) When ADM was dissolved in Gd-DTPA and intraarterially infused without being mixed with lipiodol, the intensity of the signal on MRI was the same as that in LP-TACE immediately after the administration, and gradually decreased thereafter. This result indicates earlier washout of the anticancer agent when administered without being combined with lipiodol. Quantitative analysis of the tumor resected one week after the treatment also revealed ADM levels with less than 10% of those in LP-TACE, suggesting the possibility of estimating intratumoral concentration of anticancer agents. This was evaluated on the basis of the signal intensity in the tumor using MRI. 4) A comparison of lipiodol accumulation on CT and signal changes induced by Gd-DTPA on MRI suggested that even after separation from lipiodol, the anticancer agent extends to microvessels in the interior part of the tumor.
 ...
PMID:[Experimental studies on the dynamics of anticancer agents in transcatheter arterial chemo-embolization. Magnetic resonance imaging using emulsions containing lipiodol and Gd-DTPA]. 165 93

A cooperative group study was carried out on the effect of Lipiodol transcatheter arterial chemo-embolization (L-TACE) for non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thirty-seven hospitals in Japan participated in this study and a total of 157 eligible patients included 138 males and 19 females with an average age of 60.3 y.o. In the chemo-embolization, Lipiodol mixed with 20-50 mg/m2 of doxorubicin (adriamycin) was given through a catheter, and this was followed by embolization with gelatin sponge. Effect of additional oral 5-FU (150-200 mg/day) was also studied as an open trial. Levels of serum alpha-feto protein decreased at 10 days after L-TACE, and this decrease lasted for 5 weeks. CR was observed in one patient, PR in 33, MR in 24, NC in 66 and PD in 16. The response rate was 24.3%. Cumulative one-year, two-year and three-year survival rates were 56.0%, 30.8% and 26.4%, respectively. It was concluded that higher survival rates after L-TACE were observed when (1) patients had better functional reserves of the liver, (2) HCC was in the less advanced stage and (3) L-TACE was carried out more than twice. A reduction of the tumor size after L-TACE did not necessarily mean a good prognosis for the patients. There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the patients taking or not taking 5-FU.
 ...
PMID:[Lipiodol transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma--multicenter cooperative study]. 215 60

An investigation was carried out into the effects of lipiodol-transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (L-TACE) therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic liver cancer, as well as the effects of oral 5-fluorouracil administration after L-TACE. For L-TACE, lipiodol mixed with adriamycin (doxorubicin) was injected through a catheter inserted into the tumor feeding artery and this was followed by embolization with a gelatin sponge. Twenty national hospitals throughout Japan participated in this multicenter co-operative open trial. A total of 102 patients became the subjects of study, including 75 HCC patients, 12 metastatic liver cancer patients treated with L-TACE, and 15 HCC patients who had hepatectomy after L-TACE. In 22% of the HCC patients and in 42% of the metastatic liver cancer patients, the tumor size was reduced by more than 50% after L-TACE. 73% of the 63 HCC patients showed a more than 50% reduction of the levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein. Although the survival rates of the HCC patients who had a hepatic resection were better than those who had not, there was no statistically significant difference between the survival rates of the HCC patients and those of the metastatic liver cancer patients treated with L-TACE. The survival rates of the HCC patients after L-TACE did not change as a result of oral 5-fluorouracil administration. It was therefore concluded that L-TACE is an effective way of treating both HCC patients and metastatic liver cancer patients, and that repeated L-TACE should be considered for some patients whose serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein rose again after L-TACE. Further follow-up studies will be needed to discover the effects of oral chemotherapy after L-TACE.
 ...
PMID:Effects of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with oral chemotherapy on hepatic neoplasms. 246 82

Transarterial chemoembolization was done for 6 cases with metastatic liver tumor after curative resection of pancreatic cancer. Three cases underwent pancreatoduodenectomy and another 3 caudal pancreatectomy. Anticancer effect, which was determined from the survival period and the changes in tumor size and tumor markers (CEA and NSE), was remarkable in a case of adenosquamous carcinoma and one of islet cell carcinoma. However, in another 4 cases with adenocarcinoma, it was not sufficient. With regard to the adverse effect, liver abscess was seen in two cases after pancreatoduodenectomy. Laboratory data before TACE showed that both of these 4 cases had cholangitis. This is in contrast to the fact 2 of the 3 caudal pancreatectomies had cholangitis, too. Therefore, it is concluded that careful selection is necessary, especially for the case after pancreatic head resection.
 ...
PMID:[Transarterial chemoembolization in metastatic liver tumor after curative resection of pancreatic cancer]. 284 13

The transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (LPD-CDDP Sandwich Therapy) developed by us was applied to 15 patients with unresectable liver metastases (H2-H3) of colorectal cancer. Computed tomography or ultra-sonography revealed an overall response rate of 27%. Serum CEA values decreased to lower than the pre-TACE value in 11 (78%) of 14 patients excluding one showing the normal range before TACE. The post-TACE CEA values were completely normalized in 2 of the 11 patients. One-year cumulative survival rate was 72% and median survival was 18 months, showing a prolongation compared with intraarterial or systemic chemo-immunotherapy. The histological antitumor effect of LPD-CDDP Sandwich Therapy was examined in the hepatic specimens from 6 patients who underwent hepatectomy after this therapy for liver metastases (H1-H2) of colo-rectal cancer. The necrotic area in the main tumor was 95-100% in 3 patients, 75-94% in 2 patients and 50-74% in one patient. LPD-CDDP sandwich therapy was considered an effective treatment without any serious side effects for liver metastases of colo-rectal cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in liver metastases of colorectal cancer (lipiodol cisplatin sandwich therapy]. 284 14

Two hundred and eight cirrhotic patients with HCC underwent TACE with a standardized technique. Kaplan-Meier survival rates and 12, 24 at 36 months were 62%, 44% and 25%, respectively. Compared with 407 untreated patients, our series had a longer life expectancy, i.e., from 15 months after treatment on. Life experience was statistically different with the L-R test between the groups selected by Child-Pugh cirrhosis staging (p = 0.00000); all 8 Child-Pugh C patients died within 7 months; a high statistical difference was found between Child-Pugh A and B groups (p = 0.00012). Life experience was statistically different with the L-R test between the four groups selected by tumor size and spread (p = 0.012); statistical significance was not reached between contiguous groups in group vs. group comparisons. The patients with monofocal tumors, regardless of size, survive longer than those with multifocal and infiltrative (p = 0.0010) and those with multifocal (p = 0.0029) lesions. Hazard analysis, according to the stratified Cox model, proved tumor-size and Child-Pugh staging to be prognostic factors (p = 0.00027; p = 0.00000) which exhibit a highly significant correlation with each other (p = 0.00000). With the proportional hazard Cox model, tumor characteristics and Child-Pugh stage resulted to be highly significant independent prognostic factors (p = 0.013 and p = 0.000, respectively). Patient survival rates were graphically plotted against literature rates in 407 untreated patients classified by tumor size and by the Child-Pugh method: the two-year survival rates were higher in the subgroups of patients submitted to TACE. To conclude, TACE is an effective treatment not only for multifocal HCCs, but also for large monofocal and infiltrative HCCs. In contrast, TACE is quite useless in the patients with Child-Pugh C cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:[Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization technique in cirrhotic patients with hepatocarcinoma. Considerations on the procedure and evaluation of survival]. 787 44

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a cytokine that induces protective inflammatory reactions and kills tumor cells but also causes severe damage when produced in excess, as in rheumatoid arthritis and septic shock. Soluble TNFalpha is released from its membrane-bound precursor by a membrane-anchored proteinase, recently identified as a multidomain metalloproteinase called TNFalpha-converting enzyme or TACE. We have cocrystallized the catalytic domain of TACE with a hydroxamic acid inhibitor and have solved its 2.0 A crystal structure. This structure reveals a polypeptide fold and a catalytic zinc environment resembling that of the snake venom metalloproteinases, identifying TACE as a member of the adamalysin/ADAM family. However, a number of large insertion loops generate unique surface features. The pro-TNFalpha cleavage site fits to the active site of TACE but seems also to be determined by its position relative to the base of the compact trimeric TNFalpha cone. The active-site cleft of TACE shares properties with the matrix metalloproteinases but exhibits unique features such as a deep S3' pocket merging with the S1' specificity pocket below the surface. The structure thus opens a different approach toward the design of specific synthetic TACE inhibitors, which could act as effective therapeutic agents in vivo to modulate TNFalpha-induced pathophysiological effects, and might also help to control related shedding processes.
 ...
PMID:Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme. 952 Mar 79

Between January 1989 and June 1997, 533 patients (423 male, 110 female, mean age 61 years, range 22-89 years) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were observed at our center. We report on 419 patients retrospectively compared for different treatments: liver transplantation (LT; 55 patients), resective surgery (RS; 41 patients), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE; 171 patients) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI; 152 patients). The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates were, respectively, 72% and 68% for LT, 64 and 44% for RS, 54 and 36% for PEI, and 32 and 22% for TACE. Survival curves were compared for sex, age, tumor characteristics, alphafetoprotein level, Child class, and etiology of cirrhosis. All patient-related characteristics examined (sex, age) are not significantly related to patient survival. Tumor-related variables and associated liver disease variables significantly conditioned survival in relation to different treatments. LT seems to be the treatment of choice for monofocal HCC less then 5 cm in diameter and in selected cases of plurifocal HCC.
 ...
PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison between liver transplantation, resective surgery, ethanol injection, and chemoembolization. 966 77

Despite remarkable progress of diagnostic imaging and operative procedures radiological interventions play a major role in diagnostic and therapeutic liver tumor interventions. Percutaneous biopsies should be taken by 16-20 g needles. CT control is indicated in cases when sonographically guidance is impossible or of risk. MR guidance is still seldom. Accuracy rates of percutaneous biopsies are high (>90%), and safe with complications (e.g. bleeding) of less than 1%. Palliative percutaneous therapeutic interventions of primary or secondary liver malignancies are thermoablative procedures of laser (LITT), cryoablation or radio-frequency, percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and intraarterial chemotherapy via port system or repetitive catheterisation with perfusion or embolization (TACE). For metastatic disease with less than five tumors of less than 4 cm LITT and PEI are recommended, more advanced cases should be treated by intra-arterial port system chemotherapy. For HCC best results are shown for PEI, in cases of UICC stage IIIB and IV only TACE is adequate.
 ...
PMID:[Image-guided interventions in liver tumors]. 1052 32


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>