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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malignant mesothelioma in infancy has rarely been reported in the literature. A 19-month-old female infant with massive malignant epithelial mesothelioma of the pleura underwent postmortem examination. Histochemical study confirmed the diagnosis by revealing acid mucosubstance in the tumor, which was removed by hyaluronidase. The tumor cell had clear cytoplasm that was positive for periodic acid-Schiff staining, which could be totally abolished by diastase. This correlated well with the electron microscopic finding that there had been massive accumulation of glycogen in the cytoplasm. There was no information about environmental exposure to asbestos.
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PMID:Malignant mesothelioma in infancy. 265 Jun 54

Colon cancer cells in culture synthesize and secrete mucin glycoproteins, which carry a number of cancer-associated antigens. However, the structures and mechanisms of biosynthetic processing are not well understood. Mucins synthesized and secreted by LS174T human colon cancer cells were compared to those in LS174T xenografts in athymic mice. Mucins radiolabeled with glucosamine or sulfate were purified by gel filtration and cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation. The mucins were of high molecular weight and were resistant to chondroitinase ABC, hyaluronidase and HNO2 treatment. They were, however, susceptible to pronase digestion and mild alkaline treatment. Using radiochemical precursors, the cellular mucin was shown to contain fucose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic acid, and sulfate. Oligosaccharides released by beta-elimination had N-acetylgalactosaminitol as the reduced amino sugar and also unreduced galactosamine, indicating that there is N-acetyl-galactosamine O-glycosidically attached to protein core and also peripheral N-acetyl-galactosamine not directly linked to protein. DEAE-cellulose chromatography of mucins showed two major peaks with both intracellular and secreted mucins, but xenograft mucins also had more acidic components. Sulfate-labeled mucins were shifted to less acidic peaks by neuraminidase digestion, which indicates that the same mucin molecules are both sialylated and sulfated. We conclude that the intracellular mucins of cultured colon cancer cells, those secreted into the medium, and those in nude mouse xenografts are chemically similar, but differ in sialic acid and sulfate content. This experimental model system, LS174T cells maintained in culture and as nude mouse xenografts, may be useful for further biosynthetic and structural studies of colon cancer mucin.
Tumour Biol 1989
PMID:Comparison of metabolically labeled mucins of LS174T human colon cancer cells in tissue culture and xenograft. 273 49

The transplantable pregnancy-dependent mouse mammary tumor line TPDMT-4 behaves like a preneoplastic lesion in virgin mice when implanted with tissue pieces. This study was conducted to elucidate whether enzymatic cell dissociation enhances the tumorigenic potential as in hyperplastic mammary nodules. When tissue pieces were implanted in virgin mice, there was an increase in tumor incidence from 0% at generation 14 (F14) to 40% at 38 (F38) during the 6-month observation; early (F8), middle (F16-18) and late (F39-40) transplant generation (ETG, MTG and LTG respectively) tumors were dissociated with collagenase and hyaluronidase. DDD strain females receiving an injection of 10(5) dissociated cells into the fat pad were observed as virgin or ovariectomized. ETG cells formed palpable tumors in 18 (43%) and 21 (50%) of 28 virgins at latent periods of 133 +/- 11 (mean +/- SE) and 142 +/- 10 days for 6 and 8 months respectively. MTG and LTG cells did so in 24 (60%) of 40 and 25 (89%) of 28 virgins at 77 +/- 5 and 68 +/- 5 days respectively for 6 months. In ovariectomized mice, however, no palpable tumors developed from any of these cells. Most ETG and MTG cell-derived tumors repeated palpable growth and total regression one or more times, and subsequently disappeared or grew slowly, whereas almost all LTG tumors grew progressively from the onset. MTG cells infiltrated into the fat pad more extensively than ETG and LTG cells: MTG cells occupied almost the whole fat pad at 6 weeks, whereas the outgrowths of the other cells were confined to one-eight of the fat pad. Southern blot analyses demonstrated the absence of certain extra MMTV DNA fragments in MTG tumors, although the distinct behaviors of MTG cells could not be ascribed to it alone. The results suggest that enzymatic cell dissociation may enhance tumorigenesis by hormone-dependent mammary tumor cells at lower hormone levels.
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PMID:Enhancement of tumorigenic potential in virgin mice of a pregnancy-dependent mouse mammary tumor (TPDMT-4) by enzymatic cell dissociation. 283 7

The immunohistochemical reactivity of 38 mesotheliomas and 44 adeno-carcinomas or large cell carcinomas of the lung with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) B72.3 and Leu M1 was compared with their reactivity with the routine histochemic stains periodic acid-Schiff with diastase digestion (PAS-D) and alcian blue +/- hyaluronidase. Both MAbs reacted selectively with carcinomas when a positive test was set at greater than or equal to 10% reactive tumor cells. However, MAb B72.3 reacted with significantly more of the carcinomas (86%, chi-square test, P less than 0.01) and bound to a greater percentage of tumor cells (47 +/- 28%; mean +/- SD, t-test, P less than 0.001) than Leu M1 (57% and 25 +/- 28%, respectively). The similar reactivities of surgically resected tumor specimens and post mortem tissues with both antibodies confirmed antigen stability and suggested broad clinical utility. PAS-D stained 61% of the carcinomas. Using the markers for carcinomas (PAS-D, B72.3, and Leu M1), the tumors were classified into the correct group in 80 of 82 (98%) cases (95% confidence level: greater than 92% accuracy). The alcian blue stain was useful to confirm a diagnosis of dimorphic or epithelial mesothelioma (48% were positive).
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PMID:Differentiation of adenocarcinoma of the lung from mesothelioma. Periodic acid-Schiff, monoclonal antibodies B72.3, and Leu M1. 284 90

Twenty seven bladder tumors, three ureteral tumors and one renal pelvic tumor were studied by means of light microscopic histochemical methods for demonstration and identification of acid mucopolysaccharides. Alcian blue (pH 1.0), alcian blue (pH 2.5), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and aldehyde-fuchusin stainings were performed. These stainings showed that all tumor specimens contained acid mucopolysaccharides. For identifying individual acid mucopolysaccharides, enzyme digestion procedures were performed prior to staining with alcian blue. (streptomyces hyaluronidase, testicular hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, chondroitinase AC, keratanase, heparinase, heparitinase.) According to these experiments, high-grade, and high-stage tumors contained large amounts of sulfated mucopolysaccharides. Squamous cell carcinomas of the bladder contained especially large amounts of chondroitin sulfate AC.
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PMID:[Histochemical studies of bladder tumors]. 294 17

An enzymatic method is described for disaggregation of viable tumor cells from human solid tumors. The enzymatic cocktail consists of 0.1% collagenase, 0.01% hyaluronidase, and 0.002% deoxyribonuclease. After mechanical mincing of the tumor tissue, tumor specimens are dissociated by incubation in the enzymatic cocktail for 12-18 hours at room temperature. In 17 cases of sarcoma, the mean yield was 5 X 10(6) viable cells per gram tumor tissue. Yield was 1 X 10(7) viable cells per gram tumor tissue in 23 cases of gastrointestinal carcinoma. The viabilities of tumor cell suspensions ranged from 50 to 98%, except for low viabilities in four specimens that were grossly composed almost entirely of necrotic tissue. The dissociation procedure is simple and the viable cell yield is sufficient for applications in studies of human cancer immunobiology.
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PMID:An enzymatic method for the consistent production of monodispersed viable cell suspensions from human solid tumors. 298 62

The transplantable hormone-responsive rat mammary adenocarcinoma 13762NF was dissociated with collagenase and hyaluronidase. Cells were cloned directly or lines were established from mass cultures and cells from these lines were cloned. Clones differed in cellular morphology, colony morphology on plastic or in collagen gel, growth rate, growth response to hormones, and hormone receptor levels. Growth response to prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined by culturing the cells within collagen gel and using a serum-free medium base of DME/F12 (1:1) with insulin, linoleic acid, and BSA. The clones varied in their hormone responses, with all 20 of the clones tested responding to cortisol in combination with EGF. Some clones would respond to EGF, cortisol, or progesterone when used alone. None of the clones tested could be stimulated by prolactin or estradiol. Receptor levels for estradiol, progesterone, glucocorticoids, and EGF were assessed in 3 selected clones differing in their hormone responsiveness. Receptor levels appeared to correlate with hormonal sensitivity. Selected clones transplanted into female F344 rats produced carcinomas with histopathologies similar to the original tumor.
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PMID:Heterogeneity in the hormonal responsiveness of clones derived from the 13762NF rat mammary tumor. 300 10

Acquired von Willebrand disease (AVWD) has been described in two cases of nephroblastoma. We studied a patient with nephroblastoma who presented with a coagulopathy suggestive of AVWD. The subject had undetectable levels of F.VIIIR:Ag, diminished F.VIIIR:WF (16.3%), F.VIII:C activity (37%), and lack of platelet aggregation to ADP, epinephrine, collagen, and arachidonic acid. These results were associated with abnormally high serum levels (850 mg/dl) of hyaluronic acid (HA), which made the patient's serum hyperviscous. Examination of the neoplasm revealed HA in the tumor matrix. All abnormalities of coagulation resolved after chemotherapy and extirpation of the neoplasm, which produced normal serum HA levels. To study the effects of HA on platelet function, we added HA to normal platelet-poor plasma (NPP), which rendered F.VIIIR:Ag undetectable; treatment of HA with hyaluronidase eliminated F.VIIIR:Ag assay interference caused by HA. F.VIII:C activity decreased in vitro when HA was mixed with normal platelet-poor plasma (NPP). HA reduced the initial slope of normal platelet aggregation. Partial correction of platelet aggregation occurred after hyaluronidase treatment of HA-spiked PRP. Experiments in rabbits exposed to HA (serum level 400 mg/dl) demonstrated abnormalities similar to those noted in the patient. Shear rate studies of whole blood containing HA (500 mg/dl) yielded high shear stress, 27-136 dynes/cm2 over shear rates of 10-216 sec-1. We conclude that the coagulopathy demonstrated in this case is secondary to hyperviscosity produced by elevated levels of HA, which interferes with the assay for F.VIIIR:Ag. Thus the acquired coagulopathy associated with other cases of nephroblastoma may present as spurious von Willebrand disease.
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PMID:Platelet dysfunction associated with Wilms tumor and hyaluronic acid. 303 95

Sodium deoxycholate extraction was used to isolate extracellular matrix from various cultured cells: human and murine embryonic fibroblasts, epithelial lines of mouse (MPTR), rat (IAR 2 and IAR 20), pig (SPEV) and cow (FBT). Protein composition of the matrix was studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence. The matrix morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. In cell lines FBT and MPTR the major component of the matrix was laminin, whereas in other lines and fibroblasts it was fibronectin. The matrix of the majority of lines had a fibrillar structure, and the fibrils usually formed networks. MPTR cells had a punctate matrix composed of laminin and collagen type IV, densely covering the substratum. The treatment of the matrix by hyaluronidase and/or DNAase I did not influence its protein composition. The isolated matrix of different structure and composition may serve a biological substratum in studies of normal tumor cell behavior in tissue culture.
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PMID:[Isolation and characteristics of the extracellular matrix of cultured cells]. 304 77

In 20 patients undergoing transurethral resection for bladder tumor or multiple transurethral biopsies for monitoring after transurethral resection, mitomycin C, 20 mg., was instilled into the bladder immediately after the procedure. Mitomycin C was associated with hyaluronidase, 200.000 U, in 10 patients. Serum levels of mitomycin were determined by column chromatography 30 and 60 minutes after instillation. Hyaluronidase was not found to make any difference in mitomycin absorption. Potential expansions of the therapeutic modalities for preventing recurrent bladder tumor by hyaluronidase are discussed.
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PMID:Mitomycin C plasma levels after intravesical instillation with and without hyaluronidase. 308 22


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