Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carcinoma of the bronchus can produce several polypeptide hormones and therefore has the capacity to cause most syndromes of endocrine hyperfunction. All pituitary hormones can be synthesized ectopically; furthermore, the production of hormones from the hypothalamus (CRF), the placenta (HCG, HPL) and the C-cells of the thyroid (calcitonin), as well as parathormone and prostaglandins has been described. The paraneoplastic syndrome may often be more dangerous for the patient than the tumor growth itself, and can lead to early death. On the other hand, it may allow the early detection of an unsuspected tumor. The ectopic hormones and other nonendocrine proteins and peptides can be used as tumor markers, and can demonstrate the effect of treatment and early recurrence or metastases. An ideal tumor marker should have the following characteristics: 1. production exclusively by neoplastic tissue, 2. direct correlation with tumor size, 3. substances common to all tumor types ("large spectrum tumor marker") although specific tumor markers for special tumors should be available, 4. the assays must be easy and automation should be possible. At present no tumor marker satisfies all these conditions. The measurement of several tumor markers and the use of discriminant analysis may extend their diagnostic value and open the way for biochemical detection of cancer in the future.
 ...
PMID:[Ectopic hormone formation and tumor markers in bronchial neoplasms]. 22 36

A 31 years old man with an adrenocortical carcinoma was studied. Clinically he had a bilateral and recidiving gynecomastia and showed high urinary oestrogens, 17 cetosteroids, tetra-hydro-desoxy-cortisol and pregnandiol excretion with normal cortisol production. A partial increase on ACTH, no suppression on dexamethasone and no variation on HCG administration were observed. The surgical resection of the tumor normalized this urinary excretion. The serum dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) and sulfate (DHEAS), oestrone, oestradiol, androstenedione (A) levels were greatly elevated. No variations of the cortisol, A, DHEA and DHEAS was noted after ACTH injection. In vitro the lack of ACTH's action was related to an anomaly of ACTH receptor with normal protein kinase activity.
 ...
PMID:[A feminizing adrenal carcinoma in man: in vivo and in vitro study (author's transl)]. 23 37

50 patients with primary breast cancer were studied to determine the CEA and HCG contents in their tumor cells before any treatment was initiated. Tumor cells were obtained by needle biopsy and each tumor cell population was stained by immunofluorescence. In 21 of the 50 patients, CEA containing cells were found in a frequency ranging from 5 to 80% of the tumor cell population. The results were confirmed by radioimmunoassay of tumor extracts. No apparent relation was seen to cytologic type or grade of differentiation. HCG was detected by IF in 4 tumors with an apocrine cytologic cell type. The level of CEA in plasma was determined before treatment and followed for 2-6 months in 72 patients. CEA was the only measured serum parameter that correlated initially with size and extent of the localized tumor. It was too low to be of use for monitoring primary disease, but should be of value in early detection of metastasis. Posttreatment a low or decreased plasma CEA was seen more often in patients who had had curative treatment than in those given palliative radiation. No raised serum HCG levels were found. Raised serum liver enzymes did not predict the extent of the primary tumor but may be an indication of distant spread. Tumor CEA content and CEA plasma concentration were correlated, although not very strongly. This means that CEA, although present in the tumor, is not always released in measurable amounts.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen and other tumor markers in tissue and serum or plasma of patients with primary mammary carcinoma. 36 Dec 13

Amniotic fluid was found to cause significant leukocyte migration enhancement during the second and third trimester of pregnancy and in the early postpartum period when compared to the migration area obtained with an ovarian tumor homogenate antigen (p less than 0.01), choriocarcinoma spent medium (p less than 0.01), and placental pool homogenate (p less than 0.01). Only borderline significance (p less than 0.1) was obtained when migration enhancement with AF was compared between pregnant and nonpregnant female control patients, indicating minimal unspecific activity of AF. Migration enhancement with autologous amniotic fluid was slightly larger than with homologous amniotic fluid, but the difference did not reach significance (p less than 0.4). None of the control antigens caused migration enhancement; placental pool homogenate in concentrations above 4 mg. per cent caused migration inhibition but did not in lower concentrations. The enhancing effect of AF could be abolished by dilution but not by addition of excessive antibody to estrogen of HCG. It is suggested that a blocking factor is present in AF preventing recognition of fetoplacental antigen by the maternal immune system. Thus in vitro leukocyte migration enhancement may correlate to in vivo graft enhancement.
 ...
PMID:A blocking factor in amniotic fluid causing leukocyte migration enhancement. 43 1

Extragenital choriocarcinoma in the male is known to occur in retroperitoneum, mediastinum and pineal body in a high proportion, and there have been no certain reports of lung origin. We studied two cases of choriocarcinoma arising from the lung in the male by histological, electronmicroscopical, immunofluorescent, and immunoenzyme methods. Histologically, characteristic changes of choriocarcinoma, composed of irregular complex of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts with massive necrosis and hemorrhage were demonstrated. These two cell patterns, characteristic of choriocarcinoma, were also demonstrated electronmicroscopically and differed from giant cell carcinoma of the lung. By immunofluorescent and immunoenzyme methods, anti-HCG reactive particles were seen in the cytoplasm mainly of syncytiotrophoblasts and proved HCG production function of the tumor.
 ...
PMID:Primary choriocarcinoma of the lung: case report of two male subjects. 55 68

HCG-producing ectopic pinealoma of two cell pattern type was demonstrated in a 5-year old girl who presented precocious puberty and bilateral choked discs. The tumor was localized at the anterior third ventricle and suprasellar region. Endocrinological findings are as following: Plasma basal LH was markedly elevated to 306 mIU/ml and HCG was elevated to 1,192 ng/ml. Provocative test of hypophyseal function revealed low response. Plasma estrogen was not detectable. HCG content of resected tumor tissue was elevated to 400 ng/mg. FSH, however, was not detectable. Histological findings of this tumor showed atypical teratoma, so-called two cell pattern pinealoma. Electron microscopic findings revealed two types of cells, dark and clear cells. Many secreting granules were found in the dark cells. In this case, HCG in plasma, CSF and tumor tissue was remarkably elevated. In addition, plasma FSH was also elevated to 8.9 mIU/ml. Precocious puberty associated with tumor in the pineal-suprasellar region has been seen only in boys. There has been no case report of precocious puberty in girls. This case is the first female case is which HCG-producing ectopic penealoma is caused in precocious puberty.
 ...
PMID:[A case of HCG-producing ectopic pinealoma in a girl with precocious puberty (author's transl)]. 55 38

Two human choriocarcinomas serially transplanted to athymic nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu) were treated with intraperitoneal injections of methotrexate (MTX), actinomycin D (ACTD), and vinblastine (VLB) with doses per injection slightly smaller than LD10 in mice. Both ACTD and VLB significantly suppressed the growth of one tumor strain (SCH) but MTX did not. The growth of another tumor strain (CC-1) was not inhibited by either ACTD or VLB. In strain SCH, plasma HCG of tumor-bearing animals increased approximately in parallel with the growth of tumors in control and MTX-, ACTD-, and VLB-treated groups but the suppression of the hormone release was more marked in the ACTD-treated group. The results indicate that these two transplantable human tumors are useful models for the study of choriocarcinoma, particularly for therapeutic experiments.
 ...
PMID:Chemotherapy of human choriocarcinoma transplanted to nude mice. 56 12

A study of the incidence and clinical course of testicular germ-cell tumor metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract is presented. Gastrointestinal tract metastasis occurred in 25 cases, 5% of all patients evaluated with germ-cell tumor of the testis. Although embryonal carcinoma was the dominant component in all cases, element of choriocarcinoma were found in 20 cases and HCG was positive in 22 cases. Metastasis occurred most commonly by direct invasion from adjacent tumor. The most frequent site of gastrointestinal involvment was the proximal small intestine. Ivolvement of the duodenum was noted in seven cases. The most common gastrointestinal tract manifestations were intestinal obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding. Although a variety of therapeutic modalities were tried, the average length of survival from the time of diagnosis of gastrointestinal metastasis to death was six months.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal tract metastasis in patients with germ-cell tumor of the testis. 56 78

Report on three cases of choriocarcinoma which showed interesting features. In the first case a living male infant was delivered two years following chemotherapy for choriocarcinoma and the infant showed no chromosomal abnormalities. In the second case a choriocarcinoma developed three years following a post-partum tubal ligation and the localized tumor was successfully treated by hysterectomy without chemotherapy. In the third case the uterine tumour was refractory to chemotherapy with Actinomycin D and methotrexate and required a hysterectomy. The value of HCG and HPL titres in the differential diagnosis and the value of the microscopic results of the currettings are discussed. The possibility of chromosomal damage to infants born following chemotherapy of the mother is mentioned.
 ...
PMID:Three cases of choriocarcinoma (author's transl). 64 Mar 65

3000 IgE serum concentrations were determine d radioimmunologically in a large group of 1616 tumor patients and a group of 308 controls. Because of a wide scattering the individual IgE levels do not give a diagnostic indication. On the other hand we have found a highly significant difference (p less than 0.001) between the IgE levels of male and female tumor patient-groups, which does not exist among the controls. Female patients tend to lower, male patients to higher levels. In patients with carcinoma of the testis three times higher IgE levels were found. Their relation to a coincidence with high HCG levels is discussed. Furthermore IgE follow up-studies are described. They correlate close by with the clinical picture. Consequently IgE follow up-studies are applicable to tumor prognosis and possibly to tumor therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Radioimmunologic determination of immunoglobulin E in neoplasms]. 83 46


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>