Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Topical bladder instillation of adriamycin was evaluated in FANET produced rat tumors produced by diets containing (N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-Furyl)-2-Thiazolyl] Formamide). The drug was ineffective in either preventing or eradicating tumors. The failure of response in this animal model may be related to drug schedule, biological potential of this tumor, or ineffectiveness of Adriamycin in this tumor.
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PMID:The effects of topical instillation of adriamycin in bladder tumors of rats fed with FANFT. 62 70

TO ACHIEVE THE HIGH DRUG CONCENTRATIONS IN A TARGET TISSUE (TUMOR) WITH MINIMAL DRUG LEVELS IN ORGANS NOT INVOLVED BY CANCER, THEREBY AVOIDING SERIOUS SYSTEMIC SIDE EFFECTS, THREE METHODS OF ADRIAMYCIN ADMINISTRATION: 1) Isolation perfusion, 2) Intra-arterial infusion, and 3) Intravenous infusion were studied in 22 dogs. Latter two methods were studied in several patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities. Isolation perfusion of the hind extremity was done through the femoral vessels; intra-arterial and intravenous infusions were done through the femoral artery and cephalic vein, respectively. Adriamycin levels in tissues of the hind extremity and blood were determined. The highest Adriamycin levels in tissues could safely be achieved by isolation perfusion. Drug concentrations in regional tissues were not significantly different after intra-arterial infusion as compared to those after intravenous infusion. Much of the drug went into systemic circulation after intra-arterial infusion and almost none after isolation perfusion. Hematologic and histologic evidence of lethal systemic toxicity was noted only in dogs receiving Adriamycin by infusions. Edema, patchy muscle necrosis, hemorrhages, and skin ulcerations were observed in the perfused extremities only. In human studies, drug levels in blood were comparable to those in animal study when Adriamycin was administered by the latter two methods.
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PMID:Comparison of regional versus systemic chemotherapy with adriamycin. 63 93

A murine model of immune responsiveness had been adapted to study anergic conditions associated with neoplasia. Marked anergy observed in mice bearing L1210 leukemia and P-388 lymphoma is contrasted to the minimal immune depression associated with B-16 melanotic melanoma and Sarcoma 180J. The ability of N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea chemotherapy to reduce tumor burden without prolonged suppression of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity is compared to the profound suppression of the cutaneous response observed with Adriamycin cytoreductive therapy. The applications of our model are discussed in relation to tumor-associated anergy, new approaches to the evaluation of pharmaceuticals, and studies of combined chemoimmunotherapy regimens.
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PMID:Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to oxazolone in mice with tumors. 63 44

Although metastatic pulmonary and pleural melanoma has previously been noted, primary pleural melanoma has not been reported. In addition, an extracutaneous response to Adriamycin chemotherapy for melanoma is documented. The patient demonstrated a continued objective response and remained in remission for 10 months. His death was not related to the tumor, and at autopsy there was no gross or microscopic evidence of other organ involvement or origin. Previously reported unusual primary sites associated with this tumor are reviewed, and the established criteria for determination of a primary site in the lung are reiterated. Possibilities of prior unrecognized presence of a primary site are discussed. After having reviewed pertinent literature regarding this intriguing case, we believe that all necessary criteria for proof of a first report have been met.
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PMID:Primary pleural melanoma. A first reported case and literature reivew. 66 51

Anthracyclines, such as daunorubicin (DNR), rubidazone (RBD) and adriamycin (ADR) are intercalating drugs used in cancer chemotherapy. They inhibit synthesis of DNA and RNA, break DNA and inhibit mitochondrial oxidative chain. Their antitumoral experimental activities depend upon type of drug, tumor and route of administration. After i.v. administration, the drug is present in all tissues except central nervous system. Its disappearance from the plasma is biphasic with a long terminal half life, justifying intermittent chemotherapy. Anthracyclines metabolism occurs mainly in liver micrososomes, and 90% metabolites are excreted in the bile. The main toxicity is cardiac, as a congestive heart failure which appears when a cumulated drug dose is overcome. In man only, a few derivatives have been studied, compounds with activity and no cardiotoxicity are still in research. Action of malignancies depends on type of derivative. We use DNR since 1967, it is a remarkable active drug in induction treatment of AML, it is the only active drug on acute promyelocytic leukemia, and it increases number of remissions in all of adult patients and severe forms of children ALL. Adriamycin (ADR) is active on solid tumors (osteosarcoma, breast and thyroid cancers) and lymphomas. With rubidazone (RBD) we obtain 2/3 of remissions in acute monoblastic leukemia, and it is easier to use than DNR and equally active on AML. RBD is also active on severe cases of lymphomas (lymphosarcomas and Hodgkin's disease). A new compound DEA 14 DNR seems interesting: experimental antitumor activity is high (compared to DNR, RBD and ADR) and it appears to possess activity on solid tumors in man.
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PMID:[Survey of anthracyclines derivatives in haematology (author's transl)]. 67 74

A mammary adenocarcinoma (16/C) was isolated and maintained in serial passage by transplantation of metastatic lung foci. This tumor originated as a spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma in a C3H/He female mouse. It was selected as a model from greater than 50 mammary tumors studied because it was highly metastatic and because it responded to most of the agents reported to be active against breast cancer in women. Sc implanted 16/C tumors (in the 300--1000-mg range) metastasized to the lungs in greater than 75% of the mice and to the axillary lymph nodes in greater than 30%. This tumor has been tested for sensitivity to greater than 40 clinically used agents. Adriamycin was the most active single agent. Other active agents included cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, melphalan, dibromodulcitol, maytansine, neocarzinostatin, palmO-ara-C, vinblastine, and VP-16-213. Agents most active against 40--1000-mg tumours were also most active against micrometastatic disease (eg, adriamycin). The converse was also true; agents inactive or marginally active against 40--1000-mg tumors were at best marginally active against micrometastatic disease (eg, BCNU). Tumors greater than 20 mg were not curable by chemotherapy alone, although adriamycin treatment caused complete regressions of 100--400-mg tumors in greater than 80% of the mice. Surgical removal of 300--1000-mg tumors plus therapy with adriamycin resulted in 40%--72% cures as compared to 0--26% cures with surgery only. Data resulting from treatment with other agents, singly and in combination, are presented.
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PMID:Biology and therapeutic response of a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma (16/C) and its potential as a model for surgical adjuvant chemotherapy. 70 50

The histology, ultrastructure, and nuclear RNA polymerase activity are described in a murine primitive neuroectodermal tumor derived by serial transplantation from a tumor originally induced with methylcholanthrene and classified as an ependymoblastoma. The light microscope and ultrastructural studies show that this tumor does not contain the distinguishing morphological features of differentiated ependymal cells which are also commonly seen in human ependymomas. One outstanding feature is the size and number of the nucleoli. The mean number of nucleoli/nucleus is 4 which is two to four times that of the normal neuroglial cell. The nucleolar diameter is about twice that found in normal neuroglial cells. The nucleolar diameter is about twice that found in normal neuroglial cells. The nuclear RNA synthesizing activity is the highest of the chemically induced animal tumors we have studied. The alpha amanitin inhibition is the lowest seen in any of these tumors which suggests that RNA polymerases inhibited by alpha amanitin contribute less to the total nuclear RNA synthesis. Adriamycin significantly inhibits the nuclear RNA polymerase activity of this tumor.
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PMID:Methylcholanthrene induced murine primitive neuroectodermal tumor: ultrastructure and nuclear RNA polymerase activity. 73 55

A treatment concept for the control of tumor growth utilized weekday radiotherapy and weekend chemotherapy. Mice were given sc injections of P815X2 mastocytoma cells on the lower back (day 0) and separated into the following treatment groups: 5-day/week X-irradiation, adriamycin alone at either 5 mg/kg body wt (days 6 and 13) or 2 mg/kg (days 5, 12, and 19), and combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Untreated controls had a mean tumor volume of 2.77 cm-3 and a mean survival time of 24 days. Adriamycin alone at 5 mg/kg resulted in an eventual tumor of 70 percent of the control value at death, whereas at 2mg/kg the tumor volume was 60 percent of control. After radiotherapy only, tumor size was 52 percent of control. Irradiation plus either 5 or 2 mg drug per kg body wt resulted in tumor volumes of 23 and 30 percent, respectively, of control values. Although no treatment regimen prolonged survival, the marked reduction in local tumor growth with combination therapy indicates that it may be a useful concept in future cancer therapy.
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PMID:Control of local tumor growth with combined fractionated radiotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic regimens. 80 53

Combination of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin, encompassing a wide range of dosages, were administered on five different schedules to C57BL/6J X DBA/2J F1 female mice inoculated i.p. with L1210 ascites tumor cells. Among the resulting 85 treatment groups, the mean postinoculation survival of mice that died with tumor was 11.4 to 51.3 days; this represented increases of 62 to 628% over the survival of untreated controls. In some groups, tumor cells were eradicated in 9 of 10 treated mice. By contrast, neither drug given alone cured leukemic mice or extended their survival beyond controls by more than 96%. Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide were most effective when administered simultaneously on Day 1; additional treatment with adriamycin on Days 4 and 7 produced a significant increase in the survival of mice that died with tumor, but this regimen did not increase the incidence of cures. Combination therapy with these agents reduced the cytotoxic response of the host to subsequently inoculated L1210 cells. The pronounced therapeutic effectiveness of this drug combination is attributed to a true potentiation of the independent oncolytic action of each agent.
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PMID:Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide in combination chemotherapy of L1210 leukemia. 83 68

This report describes a patient with a 15-year history of schwannoma (peripheral nerve sheath sarcoma) who developed extensive pulmonary metastases associated with hypoxemia. Treatment with chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin, and imidazole carboxamide resulted in a complete remission lasting 17+ months. Malignant schwannoma should probably be regarded as a drug sensitive neoplasm.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy of metastatic malignant schwannoma with vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and imidazole carboxamide: a case report. 85 25


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