Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) levels were evaluated in two groups of cancerous patients to try to correlate CIC levels, tumor stage and chemotherapy received. There were 40 patients with Lung Cancer (LC) clinical stages III and IV; 60 patients with Breast Cancer (BC) stages II, III and IV and 38 normal controls. LC patients showed significant increase in CIC values before, during and after treatment as compared to controls, without any difference among groups under different treatment combinations and tumor stage. Stage II BC patients showed decreased CIC levels during treatment (p less than 0.01 vs initial value). This decrease was maintained after treatment (p less than 0.02). Stage III BC patients showed different behaviour according to treatment: those who only received chemotherapy (ADM + CTX) showed no significant differences during treatment, and those treated with ADM + CTX and megestol acetate (MA) displayed decreased CIC levels after treatment (p less than 0.05) reaching similar control values. Stage IV patients treated with ADM + CTX + MA returned to normal CIC values during treatment. These results proved that combined treatment of chemotherapy and hormone therapy diminished CIC levels in BC patients, while therapy given to LC patients did not present any modifications.
 ...
PMID:Circulating immune complexes in breast and lung cancer, before and after chemotherapy. 360 38

Fifty-two patients received one of two doxorubicin (DOX)-based admixtures; DOX plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) or DOX plus vinblastine (VBL) administered as a continuous 24-hour infusion for protracted periods. Compatibility and stability of the two-drug admixture was established for a minimum of 7 days. Twenty patients on the DOX/CTX admixture were infused for a median of 20 days (range, 7-56 days). DOX/VLB was infused in 32 patients for a median of 18 days (range, 5-48 days). Dose limiting toxicity was leukopenia observed in 14/52 patients; 4/20 on DOX/CTX and 10/32 on DOX/VLB. Additional toxicities observed included stomatitis (15%) and subclavian vein thrombosis (23%). Tumor responses were observed in 11 patients, including 6/13 breast cancer; 2/2 hepatoma; 2/4 sarcoma and 1/1 ovarian cancer. Responses were relatively short-lived and no responses were noted in known anthracycline resistant tumors. Admixtures of chemotherapeutic agents represents a novel, but feasible, mechanism for delivery of multiple drugs with an infusion schedule and can be considered for Phase III comparative clinical trials.
 ...
PMID:Doxorubicin/vinblastine and doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy by continuous infusion. 373 Oct 35

The combined effect of adjuvant Cyclophosphamide (CTX) and the hypoxic radiosensitizer, Nimorazole (NIM), on the radiation response was studied in a C3H mammary carcinoma in CDF1 mice. The effect of NIM and CTX alone or in combination without radiation was assessed by tumor growth delay measured by tumor growth time (TGT). Administration of CTX (100 mg/kg) increased the TGT from 5.2 days in untreated controls to 18.8 days. NIM (1000 mg/kg) had no effect on the TGT. The combined treatment with NIM given 4 hrs before CTX did not increase the TGT compared with CTX alone, which suggests that NIM does not potentiate CTX. The possible effect of an interaction between the therapeutic parameters was determined by administration of NIM, CTX, and radiation in different sequences to C3H mammary tumor bearing mice. The drugs were administered as single doses before or after graded single doses of irradiation. The end point was the radiation dose required to achieve local tumor control in 50% of the mice (TCD50). The enhancement ratio (ER)--defined as TCD50 for radiation alone relative to TCD50 for radiation combined with drug--was 1.2 for CTX given either 15 min before or 4 hrs after radiation. NIM given 30 min before radiation showed an ER of 1.6, but no enhancement was obtained when NIM was given after radiation. When NIM was given immediately after radiation, followed 4 hrs later by CTX, the ER was 1.2. However, applying NIM 30 min before radiation and CTX 3.5 hrs after radiation, the ER increased to 1.6. NIM given 30 min before, together with CTX given 15 min before radiation, showed an ER of 1.8. Our data suggest that: an improved tumor response may be expected when CTX is added to a radiation and hypoxic radiosensitizer treatment; this improvement is attributable to an additive effect based on the chemotherapy response alone rather than to chemopotentiation by the hypoxic radiosensitizer.
 ...
PMID:Interactions of radiation, cyclophosphamide and nimorazole in a C3H mammary carcinoma in vivo. 375 71

The effect of pretreating the C3H/He mouse MBT-2 tumor with diethyl maleate (DEM), buthionine-S R-sulfoximine (BSO), or misonidazole (MISO) before administration of cyclophosphamide (CTX) was studied with the use of tumor volume-doubling time delay as an endpoint. The kinetics of glutathione (GSH) depletion and regeneration in the tumor and in the host liver were determined after treatment with the thiol-depleting agents. CTX was administered at appropriate time points. MISO was the most effective chemosensitizer at a time point at which tumor GSH content was 80-85% of the control value. Both BSO and DEM were chemosensitizers in relation to the degree they had reduced tumor GSH levels. This chemosensitization was significant at 50% GSH reduction. By combining MISO and BSO at doses lower than previously used for each agent alone, highly effective sensitization of subsequent CTX was obtained.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between thiol depletion and chemosensitization in a transplantable murine bladder tumor. 385 95

We performed chemoimmune prophylaxis in 130 patients with superficial urothelial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Two weeks after complete TUR 700 mg Cyclophosphamide (CTX)/m2 were injected intravenously followed by 6 weekly intravesical instillations of 120 mg BCG/50 ml saline together with BCG skin scarifications two weeks later. After 5 years the calculated frequency of recurrence was 18% in the treated group compared with 54% in the untreated historical control group. In a sub-group of 48 patients with recurrent tumors the CTX/BCG treatment success was well documented by comparison of the tumor recurrences during the appropriate time intervals before and after chemoimmune prophylaxis. The progression rate of the disease was generally more favourable in patients treated by CTX/BCG. No significant side effects of this treatment were noticed.
 ...
PMID:[Chemo-immunoprevention in superficial bladder cancer]. 396 45

We carried out only high orchiectomy for a 1-year and 7-month-old boy with stage 1 yolk sac tumor of the testis, after 13-months a bulky retroperitoneal metastatic tumor was found. Following chemotherapy with CDDP, ACD, VBL, PLM and CTX two times after tumor resection, elevated serum AFP was normalized. He has been in continuous complete remission with no evidence of disease for 3 years and 2 months. Combination chemotherapy with CDDP has a dramatic effect on the yolk sac tumor of infantile testis. We believe that "watchful waiting" after high orchiectomy alone is the best modality for all cases of stage 1 yolk sac tumor of the infantile testis.
 ...
PMID:[A case of recurrent yolk sac tumor of the testis in childhood: bulky retroperitoneal metastatic tumors cured by tumor resection and chemotherapy]. 402 86

The subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) was used to study the sensitivity of breast cancer to cytostatic drug combinations. The results were compared with steroid receptor status. Forty-five of 46 SRCAs (98%) were macroscopically evaluable. However, a histological study implied that the transplants should also be evaluated histologically, because in only 14/21 (67%) of the control SRCAs examined were histologically viable tumor cells seen. An inflammatory cell reaction was noticed in half of the cases. In the groups treated with cytostatics only 3/21 (14%) had vital tumor cells, whereas inflammation was evident in 4/21 (19%) of the cases. The rate of resistance to A + CTX was 30%. By testing several drug combinations against each tumor the rate of chemoresistance was reduced to 10%. The differences between A + CTX and the best combination were statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Of the tumors 79% were ER-positive and 67% PR-positive. Receptor-negative tumors tended to be more sensitive to cytostatics than receptor-positive tumors (100 vs 85%). The difference was not, however, statistically significant. It can be concluded that the SRCA under standardized conditions is a good method for studying the response of individual breast cancers to chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Subrenal capsule assay in human breast cancer. Response to cytostatic drug combinations and correlation with receptor status. 407 80

The testicular carcinoma serially transplanted in nude mice with BALB/c genetic background was used for experimental chemotherapy. A stable growth and a high production of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were observed in this tumor line. The effect and side effect of Cis-platinum (CDDP) and other anticancer agents on this tumor line in nude mice were studied by the chemotherapy with single administration of CDDP 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg, and the combination chemotherapy with CDDP, Vinblastine (VBL) 0.1 mg/kg, Bleomycin (BLM) 0.5 mg/kg and Cyclophosphamide (CTX) 2 mg/kg. The body weight of the tumor bearing nude mice, the tumor size (length X breadth) and serum AFP level were measured every week up to 10 weeks after inoculation of the tumor mass. Six weeks after administration of these anticancer agents, the tumor mass was removed out and examined histologicaly. The effects of CDDP and other anticancer agents were observed as inhibition of the tumor growth and regression of the tumor mass. In the groups treated by the combination chemotherapy with either CDDP + VBL + BLM or CDDP + VBL + CTX, the most remarkable inhibition and regression were observed. The AFP levels were remarkably decreased in contrast with those of the control group. The changes of serum AFP levels were reflected in the tumor growth. The serum AFP levels fell down to normal level, however, the tumor mass was clearly recognized. The tumor tissue was damaged histologicaly by the single administration of CDDP. The most remarkable change was shown in the group treated by the combination chemotherapy CDDP 4mg/kg + VBL + BLM. The tumor cells were arranged one or two layers like the epithelium. This histological findings suggested that the malignant tumor could be differentiated to benign tumor. The side effect of CDDP and other anticancer agents was observed as a loss of weight. All of mice treated by the single administration at a dose of CDDP 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg died of the side effect of CDDP.
 ...
PMID:[Experimental chemotherapy of human testicular carcinoma transplanted in nude mice]. 619 80

Resistance of mouse M5076 (M5) ovarian reticular cell sarcoma to cyclophosphamide (CTX) was obtained in vivo by repeated drug treatment followed by transplantation of the regrowing tumor. After 16 passages, we obtained an M5 subline resistant to CTX (M5-CTX-16R). Median survival times were approximately 29 and 39 days for M5 and M5-CTX-16R, respectively. Survival of M5-bearing mice given a single i.p. dose of 200 or 300 mg/kg was 160 and 168% of controls, respectively, whereas in M5-CTX-16R it ws 103 and 123%, respectively. The resistance was not reversible after 14 additional passages with no further CTX treatment. M5 and M5-CTX-16R appear similar in histological features, pattern of metastasis formation, and DNA content, as assessed by flow cytometry (hypotetraploid). Metastases of M5-CTX-16R were also resistant to CTX. Flow cytometry studies 12 and 24 hr after CTX treatment revealed a block in S and G2-M phases in both tumors. After 48 hr and at subsequent times, no cytokinetic pertubation was evident in M5-CTX-16R, whereas in M5 marked accumulation of cells in G2-M was observed at 48, 72, 96, and 120 hr. Cross-resistance was found between CTX, L-phenylalanine mustard, chlorambucil, and hexamethylmelamine. M5-CTX-16R was sensitive, but less so than M5, to cis-platinum, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and imidazole-4-carboxamide,5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazene). Adriamycin was equally active on M5 and M5-CTX-16R, while 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-ethylidine-beta-D-glucopyranoside) was inactive. This model appears to be suitable for studies on the mechanism of resistance to CTX and alkylating agents and for screening new, non-cross-resistant drugs.
 ...
PMID:Ovarian reticular cell sarcoma of the mouse (M5076) made resistant to cyclophosphamide. 635 29

Since January 1978 we performed chemoimmune prophylaxis in 130 patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. After complete tumor resection and exclusion of an urinary tract infection as well as an impaired global immune competence treatment consisted of one intravenous application of 700 mg Cyclophosphamide (CTX)/m2 followed by 6 intravesical instillations of 120 mg BCG/50 ml saline together with BCG skin scarifications. In a total of 12.3% of the treated patients tumor recurrences were observed until the 18th month. These results compared favourably with the high recurrence rate in a group of 80 patients without CTX/BCG prophylaxis. In 48 patients with a history of recurrent tumors statistically significant treatment effects were noted after CTX/BCG (p less than 0.01) using the Wilcoxontest. In 10% of the cases, inflammatory tumor-like lesions developed. Side effects of the treatment were generally well tolerable. From the presented data it is concluded that chemoimmune prophylaxis effectively prevents recurrences in superficial bladder cancer.
 ...
PMID:Chemoimmune prophylaxis of superficial bladder tumors: results after treatment of 130 patients in 4 years. 636 61


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>