Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mechanism of the terminal steps in the lysis of antibody-sensitized tumor cells by complement (TAC) was studied. It was shown that once complement has reacted, lysis proceeded even in the absence of fluid-phase complement. Transformation of TAC to dead cells was found to be at least a two-step process: one of the steps was temperature dependent whereas the other was reversibly inhibited by EDTA. In analogy to the hemolytic system, TAC has been designated T.
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PMID:Studies on the terminal stages of antibody-complement-mediated killing of a tumor cell. I. Evidence for the existence of an intermediate, T. 17 93

CEA, GICA, TPA, Fibrinopeptide-A (FpA) and Gamma-GT serum levels were evaluated in 312 patients affected by gastric cancer, to assess their effectiveness in diagnosis, evaluation of disease extension and follow-up of gastric cancer. In 204 patients neoplasia was limited to the stomach, in 108 liver metastases, ascertained by ultrasonography and/or TAC, were present. CEA was increased in 224 cases (71.8%); mean values were significantly higher in metastatic patients than in metastasis-free group (p less than 0.001), but overlap of values between the two groups was observed in about one third of cases. GICA was increased in 268 patients (86%) and TPA in 306 (98%), without significant differences between metastatic and metastasis-free group. FpA was increased in all patients; when metastases were present it was significantly higher than in metastasis-free patients (p less than 0.001), with negligible overlap of values between the two groups. Gamma-GT was normal in 202 metastasis-free patients (99%) and increased in 105 patients with liver metastases (97%). On the basis of these data CEA does not seem to have striking diagnostic sensibility nor reliability in differentiating presence from absence of liver metastases in patients with gastric cancer. Combined assay of TPA, FpA and Gamma-GT seems to be the most reliable serological approach in diagnosis, staging and follow-up of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[CEA, GICA, TPA, fibrinopeptide-A, gamma-GT and gastric cancer. A contribution to the rationalization of a combined assay]. 168 76

Antitumor activity of the thermosensitive liposome, TAC-1043, was examined. The TAC-1043, produced by Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., contained entrapped cisplatin in a large unilamellar vesicle (LUV). LUV is composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline (DPPC) and distearoylphosphatidyl choline (DSPC) in the ratio of 9:1. The in vitro sensitivity of TAC-1043 was examined by SDI assay with MTT, using human esophageal cancer cell lines (TE-2, KY). TAC-1043 was effective at the concentration of 10 micrograms/ml, 41 degrees C and 43 degrees C. The in vivo effect of TAC-1043 together with hyperthermia was examined using mouse tumor MM 48. TAC-1043 combined with hyperthermia significantly suppressed the tumor proliferation.
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PMID:[Hyper-thermo chemotherapy of esophageal cancer with thermosensitive liposome, TAC-1043]. 187 16

Aggressive fibromatosis is an unfrequent and little known entity, which in spite of being a histologically benign tumoration with scarce mitosis and without metastasis at distance, frequently presents with a high degree of local malignancy that can cause serious functional and aesthetical disturbance for the patient and even lead to death if infiltration of vital organs is presented, above all in cases of abdominal or maxillo-facial mass localization. The authors present their experience with 17 cases of aggressive fibromatosis observed in our centre: four of abdominal localization, six in extremities, five in the maxillo-facial mass, one in the torax and one in the lumbo-sacral region. Histological diagnosis, either by puncture or biopsy, is complemented by studies of extension of the tumour based on ecography and TAC. All cases were treated according to the classical criteria of ample resection of the lesion, always when practicable, except in one infant case and in the torax, in which only a biopsy was effected. Of the 15 cases resected, nine cases had local relapses, six of which remained free of disease with a second operation, another two required a third operation and the remaining case needed five interventions. In six children chemotherapy was applied with vincristina, cyclophosphamide and adriamicina. A follow up was carried out in 14 patients, one of which died and the remaining 13 are free of disease. In spite of the fact that progestagene receptors were not evidenced in two of our cases, one presented complete remission of the tumor after treatment with medroxyprogesterone. In this case the coincidence of Gardner's syndrome arises in the family history.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A little known entity: aggressive fibromatosis]. 204 34

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 24 patients with prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) were isolated using a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient and stained by indirect immunofluorescence using a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies against B cell restricted and associated antigens, including HLA DR (Ia), CD19, CD21 (C3dR) surface membrane immunoglobulin (Slg), CD10 (CALLA), C3b, B5, CD25 (TAC), PCA1, T9, and T10. The cells were also tested for the FMC7, defined previously on PLL cells and the RAB1, a newly described hairy cell leukemia antigen. Thirteen out of the 24 samples expressed with variable intensity all the above antigens. While Ia, CD19, CD20, FMC7, and RAB1 were strongly or moderately expressed in all, the complement receptors (CD21 and C3b) were only weakly expressed in 12 cases; and the activation antigens B5, TAC, T9, T10, and PCA1 were found with variable intensity in two-thirds of the cases. In 50% of the cases tested, the CD5 antigen (usually strongly expressed on B CLL cells) was weakly to moderately expressed. These findings (absence or weak expression of complement receptors with variable expression of activation antigens) suggest that the PLL cells are activated B cells. When stimulated in vitro by anti-mu and TPA, (phorbol ester) tumor cells showed a decrease in CD21 and Slg and a stronger expression of CD25, T9, T10, and PCA1, with evidence of Ig secretion in four out of the seven cases studied. This confirms that the PLL cells arrested at an advanced stage of differentiation progressed narrowly to more differentiated cells. In view of our findings, we believe that the term prolymphocytic leukemia is inaccurate to define the stage of cell differentiation, and we suggest calling the disease preplasmacytic leukemia.
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PMID:Further characterization of prolymphocytic leukemia cells as a tumor of activated B cells. 984 Sep 14

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were isolated from six cancer patients and cultured in the presence of 100 units/ml of recombinant interleukin 2 (IL2). Both IL2-stimulated PBL (IL2-PBL) and IL2-stimulated TIL (IL2-TIL) lysed fresh and short-term cultured autologous tumor cells in four and six cases, respectively. In four out of six patients IL2-TIL showed a slightly higher tumor cytotoxicity than IL2-PBL without lysing autologous normal PBL or TIL. Like IL2-PBL, IL2-TIL also killed allogeneic fresh and cultured targets of different histotypes, suggesting a lack of autologous tumor cytotoxic specificity. TIL cultured for 3 weeks in IL2 maintained their killing activity against autologous and allogeneic tumor targets. Phenotypic analysis of uncultured TIL showed a predominance of CD3+ T cells (approximately 70%) with CD4+ (approximately 60%) and CD8+ (20%) lymphocyte subsets, whereas less than or equal to 3% of CD16+ natural killer cells were present. TIL but not PBL contained 12%-19% of lymphocytes which expressed activation markers such as DR and TAC. The culture of both TIL and PBL in IL2 for 2-3 weeks induced an increase in the percentage of CD8+ and a decrease in CD4+ and augmentation of Leu 19+, DR+, and TAC+ cells. These results indicate that IL2-TIL can lyse autologous tumor cells slightly better than IL2-PBL, although such an effect was also evident against allogeneic neoplastic targets.
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PMID:Lysis by interleukin 2-stimulated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of autologous and allogeneic tumor target cells. 246 69

We are studying the transport of C-11 and N-13 labeled amino acids in tumor-bearing rabbits to determine the role of amino acid transport in the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in cancer. To validate a new, in vivo, method for measuring transport in skeletal muscle with these compounds, an isolated hindlimb model was developed in rabbits. The limb was perfused with a non-recirculating, normothermic, constant pressure system and a cell-free perfusate. Hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were measured during the first 75 min. of perfusion and found to remain normal and stable. Flow varied directly with perfusion pressure over the normal range of resting flows in the intact rabbit hindlimb. Time-activity curves (TAC's) were recorded from the medial thigh following bolus co-injection of L-[amide N-13] glutamine or N-13 L-glutamate with Tc-99m human serum albumin (HSA) into the femoral artery. Regional plasma flow was determined from the Tc-99m data. The N-13 TAC's consistently manifested a three-phased washout with half times of approximately 30 sec., 5 min. and 2 hr. Capillary and cellular transport parameters were computed from the N-13 data using a double barrier, single capillary model of capillary and cellular transport and assuming that the three washout components result, respectively, from tracer throughput, extraction into the interstitial space and extraction into the intracellular space. This interpretation was validated and the sensitivity of the technique to transport processes demonstrated by examining the effects on the N-13 TAC's and computed transport parameters of several factors known to influence cellular transport of amino acids, viz., the insulin concentration, amino acid concentration and pH of the perfusate. Time-activity curves and transport parameters for N-13 L-glutamine in the isolated limb were very similar to those observed in the intact rabbit hindlimb, suggesting that studies in the perfused model are indicative of amino acid transport in vivo. The methodology described here is especially well suited for studying the specific effects on transport of factors which influence amino acid metabolism in skeletal muscle (e.g., hormones and monokines).
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PMID:Validation of transport measurements in skeletal muscle with N-13 amino acids using a rabbit isolated hindlimb model. 256 12

Tumor associated carbohydrate antigen TAC-41 identified by the monoclonal antibody against a gastric adenocarcinoma cell line. We evaluated the serum levels of TAC-41 in 55 patients with various malignancies and 44 patients with benign diseases, and compared them with the serum levels of other tumor markers including CA 19-9 and CA-50. When the normal range of serum TAC-41 level was less than 40 dilution titer, the positive rate for malignancies of TAC-41 was 100% in pancreas cancer, 80% in biliary tract cancer and 87% in hepatocellular carcinoma. On the other hand, specificity (64%) of TAC-41 in all patients was less than that of other tumor markers. However, efficiency (68%) of TAC-41 was no less than those of other tumor markers. Comparison of the serum levels of TAC-41 with CA 19-9 or CA-50 in the same samples revealed a highly positive correlation (r = 0.891) in patients with various cancers. These results indicate that TAC-41 is clinically no less useful than CA 19-9 or CA-50 as a tumor marker. The usefulness of this method is characterized by its short turnaround time and lower cost than other tumor markers. Eventually, TAC-41 is one of the most useful tumor marker in mass screening for digestive malignant diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of serum TAC-41 in various digestive cancers]. 260 Oct 83

Expression of the low-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor molecule (TAC) has been associated with lymphocyte activation, in vitro and in vivo [Greene WC (1987) Clin Res 35:439]. We have used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify the role of released and cell-bound IL-2 receptor following in vitro or in vivo activation of human lymphocytes with IL-2. In vitro experiments, culturing fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes in 30 U/ml IL-2 (corresponding to the steady-state IL-2 concentration achieved in patients receiving IL-2 in our clinical trials), showed that the levels of IL-2 receptor released into the culture media exceeded the levels of cell-associated receptor, with both rising in parallel to the cytotoxic activity of the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) against cultured tumor cells. In 12 patients receiving high-dose IL-2 for the treatment of various malignant neoplasms, the levels of IL-2 receptor released into the serum rose dramatically during the IL-2 infusion, and then fell following cessation of the IL-2 infusion. This heightened release of IL-2 receptor into the serum occurred during the episodes of profound lymphopenia that developed within hours after patients began an IL-2 infusion. Following each 4-day infusion of IL-2, a rebound lymphocytosis was observed, as has been previously reported. Serum IL-2 receptor levels do not rebound in parallel; rather, they reach a plateau near the end of the 4-day infusion and then decrease upon cessation of IL-2. These changes in serum IL-2 receptor levels accompany changes in lytic activity of circulating PBL on Daudi target cells. These results suggest that lymphocyte populations exposed to IL-2 in vivo are activated to become cytotoxic, release TAC, and relocate in non-peripheral blood compartments. Following cessation of the IL-2 infusion these activated lymphocytes return to the peripheral circulation and do not secrete TAC as vigorously as while influenced directly by the IL-2 infusion.
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PMID:Serum levels of the low-affinity interleukin-2 receptor molecule (TAC) during IL-2 therapy reflect systemic lymphoid mass activation. 278 94

Tumors were eradicated following adoptive immunotherapy of (C57BL/6J X DBA/2J) F1 (B6D2F1) hybrid mice bearing the C57B1/6J (B6) sarcoma, MCA/76-9, by treatment with cyclophosphamide (CY) and adoptively transferred tumor-sensitized B6D2F1 T cells. Identical treatment of B6----B6D2F1 or DBA----B6D2F1 chimeric tumor-bearing mice resulted in temporary tumor regression only. Immunotherapy in both systems resulted in the appearance at the tumor site of large numbers of T lymphocytes and macrophages, which were shown to be derived from the adoptively transferred donor immune B6D2F1 cells or from the original reconstituting bone marrow respectively. The TAC and TAL isolated from either B6D2F1 or chimeric mice expressed potent toxicity in vitro towards tumor target cells. In addition, TAC from both systems inhibited tumor growth in a Winn assay in an immunologically specific manner. Suppressor cells detected in spleens 8 days after CY injection of normal B6, DBA, B6D2F1 hybrid and chimeric mice and also after adoptive immunotherapy of tumor-bearing B6, B6D2F1 and chimeric mice and were shown to persist in the spleens of chimeric mice for at least 31 days after adoptive immunotherapy. In contrast, spleen cells taken 31 days after therapy of B6D2F1 mice did not contain detectable suppressor cells and were able to induce tumor eradication when adoptively transferred to CY-treated tumor-bearing B6D2F1 mice. The possibility is discussed that two forms of suppressor mechanisms are induced after adoptive immunotherapy of chimeric mice and that they may down-regulate donor T cell responses at the tumor site.
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PMID:The inability of adoptive immunotherapy to eradicate tumor cells in radiation-induced chimeric mice: the possible down-regulation of intratumor immune amplification. 294 23


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