Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The term ''iatrogenic disease'' means disease caused by therapy prescribed by doctors. Most such diseases are drug induced. Adverse effects of drugs have been more common in seriously ill patients who have received many drugs. Drug interaction has often been the cause. Most have been dose-related from cumulative pharmacologic effects. Reported data have been incomplete. Individual variability due to a genetic basis has been a factor. Environmental influences, such as smoking, atmospheric pollution, and hardness of the water supply may be involved. Sometimes the patient's metabolism has been impaired by concomitant liver or kidney malfunction. In such cases the drug, or its metabolites, may build up to a toxic level. A lowered threshold to the normal action of a drug is frequent among the very old and the very young. Geriatric patients have a considerable reduction in the reserve capacity of many organs. Hypersensitivity to a drug may be present. Skin rashes and eruptions are most common in this type of allergic reaction although jaundice and hemolytic anemia have followed. Polypharmacy increases the risk. Some patients make errors in taking prescribed drugs. Also, additional self-medication is common. Drug-food interactions may occur. Needed vitamins may be absorbed and eliminated by the use of liquid paraffin as a laxative. Intestinal flora-destroying antibiotics permit other organisms to grow. Alcohol is an additional hazard. Oral contraceptive use may be followed by anemia, and may react with other drugs. A list of such known reactions is given. Delayed iatrogenic neoplasia is being considered. Effects on the progeny have been shown with several drugs. Forewarning creates awareness and caution.
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PMID:Iatrogenic disease: a hazard of multiple drug therapy. 79 37

Geriatric patients with affective illness often present with unusual or atypical symptom patterns that make diagnosis difficult. Depression may be masked as pseudodementia, somatization, or anxiety/irritability, or it may be an underlying factor in pain syndromes and alcohol abuse. In the elderly, depression may be a primary or secondary symptom of a concomitant medical condition, including thyroid disease and occult neoplasm. Common medications, including some antihypertensive agents, may also have etiologic significance.
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PMID:Geriatric depression: atypical presentations, hidden meanings. 191 4

Modified nucleosides are components of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA). 1-methyladenosine and pseudouridine are members of those modified nucleosides. The urinary concentration of 1-methyladenosine and pseudouridine of cancer patients are higher than that of healthy controls, and those compounds were reduced after effective chemotherapy. Thus those compounds might be expected to use as tumor markers. In this study cellular origin of 1-methyladenosine and pseudouridine were analysed about two tumor cell lines (HUT-102, THP-1), peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from healthy adult and PBL under the phytohemagglutinin stimulation, by flow cytometric analysis and immunofluorescent staining of cellular RNA using monoclonal antibodies specific for 1-methyladenosine (AMA) and pseudouridine (APU). Both 1-methyladenosine and pseudouridine were detected in more than 90% of tumor cells above the thresholds of flow cytometric detection (Spectrum III, Ortho). The PBL under the PHA stimulation also tended to take the same way of the tumor cell lines, whereas few of the PBL contained 1-methyladenosine above the thresholds. According to the DNA analysis of those cell lines, high contents of the modified nucleosides in the cell might follow DNA synthesis, this leads to one reason for high levels of the urinary excretion of the modified nucleosides in cancer patient.
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PMID:[Molecular and immunological approach to hematological disease: detection and analysis of intracellular modified nucleosides by flow cytometry]. 240 80

Multilocular Renal Cyst is a variety contained within the Spectrum of Renal Embryonic Tumors, presenting much confusion relating to its terminology, histology, clinical aspects, etc. We have carried out a review of this subject through bibliographical compilation of the cases published between 1976-86, and close analysis of the series thus far published. The diagnostic criteria described by Boggs and Kimmeslstiels in 1956, which classify this entity separate from other varieties of R.E.T. and similar ones. This pathological state can be seen in both children and adults, and it is characterized by its unusual appearance, clinical silent in the adults and in the child it appears as an abdominal mass. This pathology lacks specific diagnostic tests as well as the assistance rendered by clinical, radiological or ultrasound studies, it will depend on a correct preoperative diagnosis, an extremely difficult task to achieve, or on a diagnostic approximation geared to avoid in the child population the implementation of coadjuvant measures to surgery that will no doubt give rise to unwanted situations in the long run. The treatment of this pathology is strictly surgical and must be preceded by an extremely conservative approach. Tumorectomy or Partial Nephrectomy is curative and sufficient. From the anatomopathological study of the surgical sample, the correct diagnosis may be inferred.
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PMID:[Multilocular cyst of the kidney: clinico-pathologic considerations]. 254 Jun 29

B700 and B50 are melanoma-specific antigens originally isolated from B16 murine melanoma. B700, which elicits a strong tumor rejection response, is present on all murine melanomas tested to date. We now demonstrate the presence of B50 in the other murine melanomas and find that the 2 molecules are non-covalently complexed with each other within the cells. We also show that hosts immunized with intact, irradiated melanoma cells produce antibodies that specifically recognize the B700 and B50 tumor antigens. These results suggest that B50 may also participate in the host response to melanoma growth.
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PMID:The intracellular association of B700 and B50 murine melanoma antigens and their role in tumor rejection. 292 80

Correlation between antitumor activity and effects on some biological properties, such as phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system, the third component of complement (C3) activation, hepatic drug-metabolizing activities and pentobarbital-induced narcosis, of antitumor agents from various natural sources such as B B (Broncasma Berna), GU-P (Grifora umbellata polysaccharide), OK-432, PS-K (Polysaccharide Kureha), and RA-P (Rumex acetosa polysaccharide) were studied with female ICR mice implanted with Sarcoma 180 solid tumor. All of these agents depressed aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine demethylase activities, prolonged the duration of pentobarbital-induced narcosis, and significantly enhanced the phagocytic activity and C3 activity. Especially, RA-P which has the strongest antitumor activity was the most effective in changing these activities. The biological activities of GU-P at a dose of 10 mg/kg reached the same level as that found with PS-K at a dose of 100 mg/kg. a possible mechanism of inhibition of Sarcoma 180 solid tumor growth by the treatment with the antitumor agents could be interpreted as due to the C3 activation, the stimulation of phagocytic activity and depression of the hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing system in tumor-bearing mice.
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PMID:Effects of the antitumor agents from various natural sources on drug-metabolizing system, phagocytic activity and complement system in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. 371 70

Hybridomas have been prepared that secrete monoclonal antibodies against three different surface antigens of normal human mammary epithelial cells by fusion of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from mice and rats immunized with delipidated human milk fat globules. Using a novel method for molecular weight determination, the three different monoclonal antibodies, BLMRL-HMFG-Mc3, BLMRL-HMFG-McR2, and BLMRL-HMFG-Mc5, were found to identify molecules with apparent molecular weights of 46,000, 70,000, and 400,000 daltons, respectively. The latter is a mucin-like glycoprotein with a high sugar content and has not previously been described as a component of the human milk fat globule or of human mammary epithelial cell membranes. Single-cell quantitation of binding of monoclonal BLMRL-HMFG-Mc5 to three breast tumor cell lines using a Microscope Spectrum Analyzer and indirect immunofluorescence revealed a heterogeneous expression. Further, using a competitive radioimmunoassay, it was found that breast tumor cell lines differed by at least 10-fold in the 400,000-molecular-weight antigen content. None of the three antigens are detectable on several nonbreast cell lines, including normal breast fibroblasts.
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PMID:Characterization of cell surface antigens of human mammary epithelial cells with monoclonal antibodies prepared against human milk fat globule. 635 26

Prostaglandins (PGs) are bioregulatory substances and are widely distributed in a variety of tissues. Numerous facts have been described in relation to cancer biology with PGs. The purpose of our study lies in the creation of anti-tumor PGs. We have described that PGD2 has strong cell growth inhibitory activity; furthermore, we discovered that PGJ2, 9-deoxy-delta 9-PGD2, has 3 times stronger activity than the mother compound, PGD2. In vivo experiments showed that only PGA2 and PGJ2 exert antitumor activity. Thus, cyclopentenone ring structure in PG seems to be an essential moiety for cytotoxicity of PG. On the basis of the above facts, we propose tha name of antineoplastic PGs for PGA and PGJ derivatives which have cyclopentenone ring. Recently, we developed several antineoplastic PGs which showed IC50 value less than 0.3 microgram/ml against L1210 leukemia cells, and these compounds also showed antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites tumor in vivo comparable to that of cyclophosphamide. The action mechanism seems to be in its alkylation activity of the cyclopentenone structure and not in receptor-cAMP route. Spectrum of anti-tumor activity and its toxicity in vivo are now under investigation. In this brief review, mainly our recent approaches in this field are discussed.
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PMID:[Development of antineoplastic prostaglandins]. 657 12

A number of neural and nonneural tumor cell lines of rat and human origin were assayed for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) by radioimmunoassay. Most neural tumor cell lines had appreciably higher levels of NSE than did the nonneural tumor cell lines, the highest levels being found in two anaplastic rat glioma lines ( F98 and T24). These two lines contained more than twice the amount of NSE found in a rat pheochromocytoma line (PC12) and in neuroblastoma lines derived from rats ( B35 and B50 ) or humans (IMR-32 and SHSY - 5Y ). Several of the rat glioma and schwannoma lines were inoculated intracerebrally into syngeneic rats. In the resulting tumors, NSE was demonstrable by immunohistochemistry only in those from the F98 and T24 cell lines. A number of ethylnitrosourea-induced rat tumors were also examined immunohistochemically for NSE: NSE was demonstrated in three anaplastic gliomas; three astrocytomas; and two mixed gliomas. Reactive astrocytes were also positive. Fibroadenomas of apocrine and mammary glands in rats were weakly positive, but other extraneural tumors tested were negative. Since normal neuronal elements, axonal swellings, and amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells are strongly positive for NSE, whereas glia and most other normal cells are negative, we hypothesize that the elevated metabolic demands imposed on neoplastic and reactive glial cells and on some extraneural tumors necessitate the opening up of metabolic pathways that are normally operative only in neurons and neuroendocrine cells, therefore resulting in the synthesis of the more stable neuron-specific form of enolase.
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PMID:Immunoradiometric and immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in experimental rat gliomas. 672 96

Geriatric patients committed to mental institutions often die from infections, neoplasia, drug-related disorders, or cardiopulmonary failure. Myocardial infarction is not usually implicated as the cause of death in these patients. In comparison, infarct-related deaths are quite common in normal patients of comparable age. This observation may, in part, be due to the fact that physicians treating psychiatric patients may become preoccupied with the patients' mental state, and pay less attention, inadvertently, to other medical disorders. Also, ischemic heart disease may present in an atypical manner in such patients, thus masking detection by the physician. Careful evaluation and observation of these patients for evidence of ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction are essential to their care, because early detection of such disorder and prompt therapy may save the patient's life.
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PMID:Fatal myocardial infarction in a state geriatric mental facility. 737 59


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