Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 3.5-year-old boy with a multifocal primary lymphoma of the brain was treated successfully without neurotoxicity with a treatment regimen that did not include radiation. The protocol of Dexacort (dexamethasone), methotrexate, Oncovin (vincristine), and BCNU (carmustine) (DEMOB), which was developed with the use of MTX pharmacokinetic studies, was given over 7.5 months, and resulted in tumor disappearance on computerized tomography scans and marked improvement in clinical status. The patient remains in good health 3 years after diagnosis (March 1985).
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PMID:Successful non-neurotoxic therapy (without radiation) of a multifocal primary brain lymphoma with a methotrexate, vincristine, and BCNU protocol (DEMOB). 394 Jun 23

Primary lymphoma of bone is an unusual extranodal presentation of pediatric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Treatment with radiotherapy alone has resulted in a disease-free survival rate of approximately 50% in most adult series. Between January 1973 and April 1985, 11 children with biopsy-proven NHL of bone were seen and treated at our institutions. The minimal clinical staging included chest and bone radiographs, a radionuclide bone scan, complete blood cell counts and serum chemistries, and a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. The age range was 9 to 17 years with a median age of 14 years. Histology included diffuse lymphoblastic lymphoma in four patients and diffuse histiocytic lymphoma in seven. Each patient was treated with the Adriamycin/prednisone/Oncovin (APO) protocol and ten patients received concomitant radiation to the whole bone when possible and a boost to the primary lesion(s). The median tumor dose was 5,000 rad (range, 3,600 to 5,600). The median follow-up was 8 years. There have been no relapses, but two patients have developed second bone tumors 5 and 7 1/2 years after beginning therapy. Each second tumor arose directly in the radiation field. The overall 8-year actuarial survival is 83%. We conclude that APO and local radiation results in excellent overall survival for children with primary NHL of bone. The occurrence of two second bone tumors, however, raises questions regarding dose and/or the role of radiation for this disease.
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PMID:Primary lymphoma of bone in children: analysis of treatment results with adriamycin, prednisone, Oncovin (APO), and local radiation therapy. 395 63

Echinosporin isolated from a Streptomyces culture showed antitumor activity against rodent tumor models such as leukemia P388, P388/VCR, and fibrosarcoma Meth 1. It was marginally active against melanoma B16 and sarcoma 180. It was not active against Lewis lung carcinoma and xenograft MX-1. It inhibited the colony formation of HeLa S3 cells with a wide shoulder at low dose ranges. DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis were inhibited by echinosporin. It depressed WBC with nadir on day 3, but the recovery to the normal level after echinosporin injection was more rapid than that after mitomycin C.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of echinosporin. 400 42

Treatment of 91 consecutive patients having metastatic, Stage IV melanoma who had not received any previous chemotherapy was begun between January 1977 and April 1978. The therapy included bleomycin (B) at 7.5 units subcutaneously in the first course and 15 units in subsequent courses on days 1 and 4; vincristine or Oncovin (O) at 1 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 5; CCNU or lomustine (L) at 80 mg/m2 p.o. on day 1 and DTIC (D) 200 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 through 5. Evaluable patients (72) were those who had measurable tumours in the viscera and on the skin. Seven patients (9%) responded with complete tumor regression (CR), 22 (31%) with partial regression (PR) (50% or more tumor regression), 12 (17%) with stabilization of disease, and 31 (43%) with progression of the disease. Patients who responded with CR, PR, and stable disease (41 patients) had a median survival of 67 weeks, while those who did not respond (31 patients) had a median survival of 20 weeks (P < .0001). Overall median survival was 31 weeks. The bleomycin-Oncovin-lomustine-DTIC (BOLD) regimen is an effective alternative treatment for metastatic melanoma; there is good tumor response and prolongation of survival in the responding patients. Its overall toxicity is mild to moderate.
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PMID:DTIC, CCNU, bleomycin and vincristine (BOLD) in metastatic melanoma. 615 60

It has been suggested that flow cytometric analysis may offer an ability to select drugs for chemotherapy of malignant neoplasms. For this purpose perturbation of cell cycle travers which induced by several anti-cancer drugs were studied to determine the fundamental factors to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy for individual tumors. From these results, we have made a presumption that for the majority drugs studied, the perturbation of cell cycle travers will be proportional to tumor cell kill. Primary cultured cells from the human brain tumor were used to determine the effectiveness of drugs for its treatment using Factor B (the accumulated cells in SG2M phases after anti-cancer drug treatment as the percentage of cells that was previously in SG2M phases) in comparison with the results (dose-response curves) obtained by glioma cell line. The clinical application was tried using these results. A case with malignant astrocytoma had shown 20.8% for ACNU treatment, however, 85.7% for VCR treatment in maximum range of Factor B on the samples of the removed tumor at the operation (cultured cells). This patient was already treated with radiation, ACNU and other anti-cancer drugs but subsequently failed and revealed constant growth in tumor size. Thereafter patient was treated with VCR according to flow cytometric indication, there was a response, that was the first time after the desperate trials of various drugs. It was only one case, nevertheless, this result illustrates the type of studies for our plan to pursue in order to determine if flow cytometric analysis aids in the brain tumor chemotherapy by individualizing patient's treatment in near future.
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PMID:[Application of flow cytometry to chemotherapy of malignant brain tumor]. 619 9

A total of 24 patients with urothelial cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine (1 mg, i.v., day 1), bleomycin (15 mg, or peplomycin, 10 mg, i.m. day 2), mitomycin-C (4 mg, i.v. day 3), tegafur (600-750 mg, p.o., every day) and OK-432 (2-4 KE, i.m., day 1, 3, 5). This one-week course was repeated for an average of 4.6 courses. Of these cases, 13 patients with early stage treated as adjuvant chemotherapy after radical operation showed strong suppressive effects against tumor recurrence or metastasis except 3 cases. However, in advanced cancer this regimen was less effective. Therefore, we modified this regimen: VCR 2mg and PEP, 10 mg on days 2, 4 and 6. This modified regimen was given to two patients and one showed partial response and I-A according to Karnofsky's criteria. Mild side effects such as slight leukopenia, fever up, gastrointestinal symptoms or alopecia were observed. These results suggest that this regimen could be used as an adjuvant chemotherapy after radical operation of urothelial malignancy for the purpose of protecting tumor recurrence or metastasis.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of urothelial cancer with vincristine, mitomycin C, bleomycin, tegafur and OK-432]. 620 77

18 of 36 consecutive patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung received a combination of chemotherapy (Adriblastin, Oncovin, Cyclophosphamide) and radiotherapy (primary tumor and CNS). This treatment resulted in a response rte of 78%, and in a median survival of 10.6 months ("limited disease" 13 months, "extensive disease" 9 months). Complete remissions were obtained only in 4 of 18 patients, 4 patients of these were long-term survivors (greater than 18 months). Due to heart diseases, age, or poor general condition 18 patients received a milder combination of chemotherapy ("COM", "VP-O-C") and tumor irradiation. The response rate was 66%. Complete remission was achieved in only 2 of 18 patients. The median survival rate was 8.6 ("limited disease" 10.5 months, "extensive disease" 6.0 months). Survival exceeded 18 months in 4 of these patients. The toxicity was mild, the mean cumulative duration of hospitalization was 78 (30-120) days per patient.
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PMID:[Treatment results in unselected small cell bronchial carcinoma patients]. 628 9

Comparative studies of alternating non-cross resistant chemotherapy, A.V.N.-D.V.C. (ACNU + VCR + PCZ-ADM + VCR + CPA) was carried out on 19 patients with small cell lung cancer. A.V.N. (A. V.F.) therapy on 45 patients and D.V.C. therapy on 19 patients were used as historical control, respectively. A.V.N. (A.V.F.) therapy was composed of ACNU (2.5 mg/kg, day 1), VCR (0.02 mg/kg, once every week) and PCZ (1 mg/kg, daily) (or FT-207 (15 mg/kg, daily], and duration of one course was 6 to 8 weeks. D.V.C. therapy was composed of ADM (1 mg/kg, day 1) VCR (0.02 mg/kg, days 1 and 5) and CPA (2 mg/kg, days 1 to 5), and repeated every 4 weeks. A.V.N.-D.V.C. therapy was done by a timely alternation of one course of A.V.N. and two course of D.V.C. Reduction rate of tumor size was 84% in A.V.N.-D.V.C. therapy, 62% in A.V.N. (A.V.F.) therapy and 26% in D.V.C. therapy, respectively. Median survival time was 13 months on A.V.N.-D.N.C. therapy, 8.5 months and A.V.N. (A. V.F.) therapy and 4 months on D.V.C. therapy. Significant prolongation of median survival time was obtained in A.V.N.-D.V.C. therapy in comparison with that of historical controls. Major toxicity in A.V.N.-D.V.C. therapy was slight bone marrow suppression.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung: AVN-DVC therapy]. 632 83

Three patients with malignant gliomas were treated with the high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation. In the first two cases, the autologous bone marrow cells were stored and transplanted 48 hours after single high-dose of ACNU therapy. (800 mg/m2, 600 mg/m2) One died of intratumorous bleeding on the 18th day and the other of pulmonary fibrosis on the 35th day. Their autopsy specimens revealed that most of the tumor had degenerated with only a small portion of viable cells. The third patient was treated with high-doses of ADM (100 mg/m2), VCR (1.5 mg/m2), DDP (80 mg/m2), and EX (800 mg/m2) within eight days, prior to the cryopreserved bone marrow transplantation. Granulocytes and platelets began to increase from ten days after the transplantation and became normalized within three weeks thereafter. CT scan performed six months after the chemotherapy revealed 89% reduction of the tumor. The number of our cases is still small, but the results showed that the autologous bone marrow transplantation made high-dose chemotherapy possible. The necessity for cryopreservation of bone marrow was discussed.
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PMID:[High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for malignant brain tumors]. 635 61

The results obtained using a rapid assay for in vitro chemosensitivity detection of leukemias are presented. The assay, performed according to the technique already described, involves in vitro incubation of a tumor cell suspension with various concentrations of antitumor drugs for 1 h and evaluation of drug-induced cell damage by addition to the cultured cells of 125I-deoxyuridine 48 h after pharmacological treatment. Results are expressed as percent inhibition of the isotope incorporation with respect to untreated controls. Preliminary results demonstrated that this assay is able to evidence differential chemosensitivity exhibited in vivo by murine leukemias. The present study reports the results obtained using comparatively P388 and P388/ADR, a subline of P388 murine leukemia with acquired resistance to Adriamycin in vivo. We found that P388/ADR exhibited resistance to ADR and DNR at all the concentrations tested, whereas P388 was highly sensitive. Cross-resistance of P388/ADR was also found to some structurally dissimilar agents, i.e. VCR and Act-D. These in vitro results correlate well with much data in the literature concerning the characteristics of resistance and cross-resistance exhibited in vivo by P388/ADR. These results suggest the possibility of using a similar in vitro assay for predicting the in vivo drug resistance of human leukemias.
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PMID:[In vitro evaluation of the chemosensitivity of an experimental murine leukemia rendered resistant in vivo to adriamycin]. 647 49


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