Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The various surgical treatments of CIN, VAIN, and VIN have been discussed. The necessity for careful pretreatment, histological diagnosis and colposcopic mapping of the various conditions has been stressed. The relative risks of malignant progression of the various conditions have been discussed along with the various modes and methods of surgical therapy. The facts emerging are that traditional surgical therapy is giving ground to more modern techniques of ablation, particularly that of carbon dioxide laser photoevaporation therapy. Particularly in treatment of CIN and VIN, laser therapy has begun to show many advantages. Traditional surgical techniques for treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia of the lower genital tract in the female have, in response, become more conservative in their application with an emphasis on preservation and reconstruction. However, in some cases confirmation of early results by long-term follow-up will be necessary. The general tendency of close surveillance and conservative treatment befits the management of non-invasive genital tract intraepithelial neoplasia.
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PMID:Surgery of intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN, VAIN, and VIN. 331 44

The authors reported the clinical course and the postmortem examination of a unique case of neurocutaneous melanosis with numerous anomalies and complications, which included congenital dislocation of lenses, hypogonadism, ectopia of prostatic duct, genuine phimose, retentio testis, psina bifida and neurogenic bladder. This 13-year-old boy with a large hairy nevus in a bathing trunk configulation and multiple small nevi over the whole body since his birth was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of headache and vomiting. Neurological examination showed bilateral papilledema and slight left hemiparesis. A CT scan revealed a large right frontal mass and craniotomy was performed with subtotal removal of this tumor which was confirmed as a malignant leptomeningeal melanoma. He initially made uneventful postoperative recovery, and two courses of chemotherapy with DTIC, ACNU and VCR were given; however, the currence of brain tumor ensued shortly thereafter, and he died in approximately six months after the onset of intracranial symptoms despite of the third course of chemotherapy. Thirty five cases of neurocutaneous melanosis associated with or without malignant melanoma have been reported in Japan. Twenty-eight cases were male and 7 female. Two cases showed the evidence of primary malignant melanoma outside of the central nervous system, whereas twenty eight leptomeningeal melanoma, in which 22 were solid and 6 diffuse, were shown intracranially. Other 5 cases had epileptic seizure and/or hydrocephalus caused by wide spreaded leptmeningeal melanosis. This high incidence of intracranial malignant melanoma in this disorder was remarkable compaired with the previous reports in other countries. Mean duration between deaths and the onset of symptoms of intracranial hypertension or focal neurological signs was 7 months, ranging from 1 to 24 months, showing the rapidly deteriorating course in this disorder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[An autopsy case of neurocutaneous melanosis associated with intracerebral malignant melanoma]. 332 33

Vincristine-tubulin complex formed in the 100,000 g fraction of mouse kidney dissociated rapidly at 37 degrees in the absence of guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP). In the presence of 2 mM GTP, there was a substantial (2.8-fold) increase in complex stability; NaF (100 mM) but not beta-glycerophosphate (1 mM) also reduced the rate of dissociation. Further, complex was stabilized by other ribonucleoside-5'-triphosphates (but not their respective 5'-monophosphates), and a nonhydrolyzable analogue of GTP. Stability of the VCR-tubulin complex formed in cytosol from kidney and separated from unbound VCR and GTP by gel filtration was influenced by the concentration of GTP. These results appear not to be a consequence of denaturation of tubulin during incubation, as VCR binding activity remained constant under experimental conditions both in the presence and after the removal of GTP. Further, the rate of formation of the VCR-tubulin complex in kidney was also influenced by the concentration of GTP and was increased by the addition of NaF. In the absence of added GTP, virtually no complex was isolated. ATP, CTP, or ITP has little effect on complex formation, suggesting that the effect may be GTP specific. These data suggest that the destabilizing activity in cytosols prepared from mouse kidney, and the failure to form a stable VCR-tubulin complex in kidney, are in part the consequence of rapid hydrolysis of GTP by a pyrophosphohydrolase. Direct measurement of the hydrolysis of GTP showed that the activity in kidney (9.26 nmol/min/mg protein) was 9.3-fold greater than in tumor extracts.
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PMID:Formation and stability of vincristine-tubulin complex in kidney cytosols. Role of GTP and GTP hydrolysis. 335 99

Two novel monoclonal antibodies, KL-3 (IgM) and KL-6 (IgG1), which can detect soluble antigens in sera and effusions (molecular weights greater than 1,000 K) were produced against human pulmonary adenocarcinoma VMRC-LCR cells. KL-3 and KL-6 antibodies reacted with asialo- and sialo-carbohydrate antigenic determinants, respectively. Both carbohydrate epitopes appear, from competitive inhibition studies, to be different from Lex, Ley, sialyl Lea and sialyl Lexi which were recognized with FH2, AH6, NS19-9 and FH6 antibodies, respectively. Using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, elevated KL-6 antigen levels were frequently observed in the sera of patients with lung adenocarcinoma [52% (17/33)], pancreatic cancer [44% (4/9)] and breast cancer [40% (8/20)], but infrequently in the sera of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma [18% (4/22)], lung small cell carcinoma [8% (1/13)], gastric cancer [0% (0/19)], colorectal cancer [0% (0/8)] and hepatocellular cancer [13% (1/8)]. The levels and positive rates of serum KL-6 antigen increased with the progression of clinical stage of lung adenocarcinoma. In pleural effusions, the prevalences of lung adenocarcinoma cases with elevated levels of KL-3 and KL-6 antigens were 76% (13/17) and 82% (14/17), respectively. These monoclonal antibodies can define novel soluble antigens in sera and effusions which could be useful in tumor diagnoses and for monitoring tumor progression.
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PMID:Detection of soluble tumor-associated antigens in sera and effusions using novel monoclonal antibodies, KL-3 and KL-6, against lung adenocarcinoma. 341 86

The results obtained with the various types of treatment in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are reviewed and the data from the recent EORTC trials are summarized. In patients with Stage I follicular histology, regional radiotherapy (RT) alone gives excellent results. The long-term relapse-free survival (RFS) is high and relapsing patients can be rescued by aggressive combination chemotherapy; initial chemotherapy with CVP improves RFS but not total survival (TS). In patients with Stage I diffuse histology, the long-term survival is less satisfactory. CVP chemotherapy does not improve either RFS or TS; therefore if adjuvant chemotherapy is justified, it should be more aggressive than CVP. In patients with Stage II follicular type, regional radiotherapy alone gives good results. The addition of abdominal bath irradiation to regional RT increases RFS but not TS. After relapse, patients can be rescued by combination chemotherapy. In patients with Stage II diffuse histology, extended RT followed by CVP gives poor results and RT should be combined with more aggressive combination CT; the preliminary results of an integrated alternating regimen being excellent. In patients with Stage III and IV follicular type, the 8 year TS of patients treated with combination CT regimen (CHVP) followed by localized irradiation is approximately 55%, however the indications for the various types of treatment are still unclear. In patients with diffuse Stage III and IV, the results obtained with a combination CT regimen (CHVP) are still unsatisfactory, but are better in patients treated by a more aggressive CT regimen (CHVP-Bleo-VCR). Therefore aggressive CT associated with localized irradiation appears to be the best treatment. Further research should aim to identify the optimal combination CT regimen. In patients with high grade lymphomas who have relapsed the use of bone marrow autografts will be investigated. The present data show that besides histological type and age, the main prognostic factor is total tumor body burden as assessed by clinical stage, number of involved lymph node areas, and bulk of the disease. The study of the biological characteristics of the disease may provide more powerful prognostic indicators.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 351 50

The cytocidal and toxic effects of four cytotoxic drugs (CY, DDP, VCR, Ara-C) were studied using three types of ascites tumors (L 1210, JB-1, EAT) growing on three different mouse strains (B6D2F1, AKR, NMRI). There were considerable differences in the cytocidal effect of the same dose of each drug on the three tumor cell lines; 100% of the L 1210 ascites tumor-bearing animals were permanently cured by a high dose of CY (300 mg/kg) and 30% by DDP (13 mg/kg), while most of the JB-1 and all EAT-bearing mice died earlier than the untreated control mice. The sensitivity of the animals of the three mouse strains to the toxic effect of the same drug dose also differed. CY was better tolerated than DDP. Ara-C and VCR doses used in the present work were non-toxic and showed little cell killing effect. Furthermore, the present study showed that tumor-bearing mice were more sensitive to the toxic side effects of CY, DDP, and Ara-C than tumor-free animals. The growing tumor itself increased the vulnerability of normal cells to the drug.
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PMID:Cytocidal and toxic effect of various cytostatic drugs on three ascites tumors of the mouse. 358 12

A report on a rare case of pineocytoma is presented. A 27-year-old woman visited our clinic because of a 3-month history of intermittent headaches and nausea. A CT scan revealed the presence of a marked obstructive hydrocephalus and mass without any contrast enhancement in the pineal region. Immediately, V-P shunting was performed and resulted in relief of all symptoms. Ventriculography showed a complete occlusion at the aqueductus Sylvii and filling defect at the posterior part of the 3rd ventricle. The patient was operated on in the prone position via infratentorial supracerebellar approach by suboccipital craniectomy on November 9, 1982. A grayish red-colored, well-defined solid tumor located at the pineal region was removed partially. The histopathological appearance of this tumor resembled the pattern of the normal pineal gland. Many cells exhibited a polar form, eosinophilic cytoplasm with the process often being directed toward a blood vessel. The cells around the central areas occupied by pale eosinophilic material were arranged like a "rosette". Combined chemo-radiotherapy was carried out after surgery. That is, a total dose of 4,825 rads to the whole brain was irradiated, and ACNU 140 mg and VCR 6 mg in total were administered intravenously and intermittently. After irradiation therapy, the tumor increased in size producing a ring-like enhancement effect as shown on repeated CT scans. During this time, she started to complain of blurred vision with Parinaud's sign. A second operation via interhemispheric approach by right parietal craniotomy was undergone, and the tumor was partially resected again on March 29, 1983.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pineocytoma--a case report]. 370 49

A randomized study of anticancer chemotherapy, CDDP plus ADM with/without VCR on patients with NSCLC was carried out. Forty-six patients received injections of CDDP (75 mg/m2) and ADM (50 mg/m2) every 4 weeks (Regimen A); 39 patients were injected with the same doses of CDDP and ADM, plus VCR (1.4 mg/m2, on day 1 and 0.7 mg/m2, on day 7), every 4 weeks (Regimen B). Seven patients (15%) and 10 patients (26%) achieved a partial response by Regimens A and B, respectively. The median survival time (MST) was 8.5 months in each group. Survival time of the responders (MST; 27 months) was much more prolonged than that of the non-responders (MST; 7 months) (p less than 0.01). Both regimens were well tolerated with only moderate gastrointestinal symptoms and mild bone marrow toxicities. Although the addition of VCR to CDDP plus ADR in NSCLC fulfilled the objective tumor regression, no additive effect could be obtained with regard to survival.
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PMID:[Randomized study of cisplatin and doxorubicin with or without vincristine in non-small cell lung cancer]. 371 56

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a 33-year-old female is reported. She was admitted with the complaint of gross hematuria. Cystoscopic examination showed a thumb-tip sized mass, located at the dome. CT showed a wide-based tumor at the dome (CT number was 60.2 H.U.). Segmental resection of bladder was performed, followed by radiation and chemotherapy (VCR, ACT-D, CPM and ADM). She is alive without evidence of disease 13 months after surgery. A case report and review of the literature are presented.
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PMID:[A case of leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder]. 372 34

The 6-day subrenal capsule assay was used to determine chemotherapeutic sensitivities of brain tumors. Twenty-nine brain tumors were obtained at the time of surgical resection. A minced tumor fragment (1-mm cube) was implanted under the renal capsule of 5- to 8- week-old normal female ddY mice. Each fragment was measured at two diameters using ocular micrometer unit (10 omu = 1.0 mm). The animals were randomized, usually 5 to 7 per group, and treated with anticancer drugs on day 1 through 5. On day 6, the mice were killed. The kidney was exteriorized and the tumor was again measured. The change in tumor size was obtained for each animal by ratio of the final tumor size/the initial tumor size. Sensitivities of tumors to anticancer agents were determined by comparing differences in mean values of the change in tumor size between control and treated group. Twenty-seven out of 29 specimens (93%) were submitted to evaluable assay. The response rate of 11 malignant gliomas (grade 3 and 4) was 44% and that to anticancer drugs tested were as follow: 5-FU 78%, ACNU and CPA 50%, VCR 40%, CDDP 36%. The response rate of 3 medulloblastomas was 36%: MTX 67%, CPA 50%, ACNU and CDDP 33%. That of two low-grade gliomas (grade 2) was 29%, while that of 4 malignant brain tumors (2 metastasis, chordoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma) was 60%. Four neurinomas and 3 meningiomas were not sensitive to Tamoxifen and none were determined for estrogen receptor. In histological analysis, the transplanted tumor retained similar characteristics to the original tumor in the cases of neurinomas, meningiomas and some gliomas. Lymphocytic infiltration was observed in many cases. In the cases of metastasis (adenocarcinomas), considerable mesenchymation and lymphocytic infiltration was observed, tumor cells were reduced in number with poor preservation. Clinical response in 9 cases treated with sensitive drugs were 1 complete response, 2 partial response, 5 stable and 1 progressive disease in CT examination. The subrenal capsule assay is therefore considered to be very useful for determining suitable chemotherapeutic agents for brain tumors.
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PMID:[Responsiveness of brain tumors to chemotherapeutic agents in the subrenal capsule assay]. 372 48


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