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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

67Ga uptake and heparan sulfate (HS) content were investigated during the recovery of mouse kidney from acute immune complex glomerulonephritis induced by daily injections of bovine serum, and the binding of 67Ga to glomerular basement membrane (GBM) was studied in vitro. The results were as follows. 67Ga uptake in the kidney increased after the start of bovine serum injection, and peaked on the 20th day. The uronic acid content in 1.2 M NaCl-soluble fraction (which contained predominantly HS) and the hydroxyproline content (an index of collagen) were increased at the 10th day, reaching a maximum at the 20th day. This pattern of HS content was essentially the same as that of 67Ga accumulation in the kidney. Urinary protein and gamma-GTP activity peaked at the 5th day, and these patterns were different from that of 67Ga uptake. 67Ga binding to GBM was significantly inhibited by treatments with HS-degrading enzyme (heparitinase), nitrous acid, trypsin or papain. However, the binding to GBM was unaffected by treatment with chondroitinase ABC. These results provide further evidence that the 67Ga-binding substance in tumor tissues and inflammatory lesions is probably HS.
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PMID:Renal gallium accumulation in mice with acute immune complex glomerulonephritis. 293 94

Twenty seven bladder tumors, three ureteral tumors and one renal pelvic tumor were studied by means of light microscopic histochemical methods for demonstration and identification of acid mucopolysaccharides. Alcian blue (pH 1.0), alcian blue (pH 2.5), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and aldehyde-fuchusin stainings were performed. These stainings showed that all tumor specimens contained acid mucopolysaccharides. For identifying individual acid mucopolysaccharides, enzyme digestion procedures were performed prior to staining with alcian blue. (streptomyces hyaluronidase, testicular hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, chondroitinase AC, keratanase, heparinase, heparitinase.) According to these experiments, high-grade, and high-stage tumors contained large amounts of sulfated mucopolysaccharides. Squamous cell carcinomas of the bladder contained especially large amounts of chondroitin sulfate AC.
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PMID:[Histochemical studies of bladder tumors]. 294 17

Heparan sulfate proteoglycan from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse tumor was previously separated into two forms: a high density form (Form HD) and low density form (Form LD). In this study, the two forms were radiolabeled either metabolically with [35S]sulfate or [3H]serine or chemically with 125I. Pulse-chase experiments with [35S]sulfate showed no clear precursor-product relationship between the two forms. Analyses of the labeled proteoglycan samples with heparitinase and chondroitinase ABC indicated that Form LD is a large proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate chains attached to a single core molecule (Mr = 450,000), whereas Form HD is a mixture of small proteoglycans with four different size core molecules (Mr = 34,000, 29,000, 27,000, and 21,000), most, if not all, of which bear both heparan sulfate (Mr = 60,000) and chondroitin sulfate (Mr = 17,000) chains. Glycosaminoglycan-enriched fragments obtained from Form HD by V8 protease digestion were also shown to contain both heparitinase-susceptible chains and chondroitinase ABC-susceptible chains. Tryptic peptide maps of 125I-labeled Form HD and the glycosaminoglycan-enriched fragments derived therefrom were quite different from the corresponding maps for Form LD.
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PMID:Multiple forms of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse tumor. The occurrence of high density forms bearing both heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate side chains. 295 17

We characterized different subpopulations of infiltrating mononuclear cells using 8 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on serial cryosections of breast tissue from 85 cancer patients and 32 samples of benign lesions, and the ABC technique. In general, lymphocytes were found more frequently and more abundantly in cancerous lesions. The infiltrates consisted mainly of T-cells in close contact with malignant cell-nests. T-helper/inducer cells clearly predominated over T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells in neoplastic tissues, whereas in benign tissues the T-helper/suppressor ratios seemed to be well balanced. While a few MAb Leu-7 (HNK-I)-reactive NK cells were found in the stroma of the breast tumors, none could be identified in the noncancerous lesions. The correlation of these data with histology and tumor stage of patients has been evaluated by a quantitative approach using planimetry in an interactive registration system.
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PMID:Immunohistological analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations infiltrating breast carcinomas and benign lesions. 295 17

Cocultures of rabbit fibroblasts and mouse B-16 melanoma cells produce increased levels of collagenase against type I collagen. This stimulatory effect was also found when fibroblasts were cultured in conditioned media from tumor cells. However, the level of the stimulatory factor in conditioned media was influenced by matrix deposited by fibroblasts. Thus, conditioned media collected from monolayers of B-16 plated on fibroblast matrix consistently showed high levels of the factor activity. The influence of the matrix on the level of the factor was not removed by treating the fibroblast matrix with collagenase or chondroitinase ABC and was not reproduced by collagen-coated dishes.
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PMID:Matrix influence on the tumor cell stimulation of fibroblast collagenase production. 299 20

Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was measured in 23 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 184 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (non-SCLC), both of which were untreated. Increased levels of serum NSE were observed in 82.6% (19/23) of SCLC, whereas 9.8% (18/184) of non-SCLC had positive results showing an overall positive rate of 17.9% (37/207) in lung cancer cases. In addition, the elevation of serum NSE levels in non-SCLC patients seemed to suggest poor prognosis. Elevated serum NSE levels returned to normal with either surgical resection of the tumor or response to chemotherapy, after which serum NSE levels were again raised to levels higher than the previous ones in cases of relapse or progression. The evaluation of serum NSE may be a useful marker for both diagnosis and monitoring of responsiveness to therapy as well as for recognition of relapse and progression in SCLC. Identification of NSE as assessed by immunohistochemical procedure employing the ABC method on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections in lung cancer cases of each histological type, showed that some materials from non-SCLC cases were positively stained despite the presence of normal serum NSE levels, and did not always parallel the serum levels. Among other various tumor markers determined, serum CA 19-9 had a relatively high positive rate of 38.2% (42/110) in adenocarcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:[Determination of various tumor markers, with special reference to neuron-specific enolase in lung cancer]. 302 57

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) treatment of a male Syrian hamster resulted in the development of a renal tumor and its widely scattered serosal metastases. Cells in both the primary tumor and metastatic nodules contained secretory granules. The tumors were transplanted serially into DES-supported and non-DES-supported host hamsters until DES-independent tumors developed. Rabbit antiserum to mouse salivary renin and rabbit antiserum to rat kidney resin were reacted with sections of the primary tumor, metastatic nodules, and all transport tumors. The sections were stained by the PAP and Vector-ABC-AP procedures. Renin-positive material was observed in all tumors. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was determined for the host hamsters carrying the renal tumor transplants and compared to the PRA values that had been determined for normal non-DES-treated male and female hamsters. It was found that the average PRA values of host hamsters carrying the tumor transplants were significantly higher than the normal PRA values.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical renin study of DES-induced renal tumor in the Syrian hamster. 305 27

To assess the significance of humoral immune mechanisms in host reactivity against the P815X2 mastocytoma grown in syngeneic DBA/2 mice, an approach was made to correlate immunomorphology of the lymph nodes with the functional assays measuring cytotoxic and tumor cell membrane-bound antibodies in mouse sera. Regional and non-regional (RLN, NRLN) lymph nodes, were subjected to stereological analysis to determine the volume fractions (Vv) of the cortex (C), the paracortex (PCA), the germinal centers (GC), and the medulla (M), using a computerized analysis system (IBAS I, Kontron). In both RLN:s and NRLN:s, lymphocyte subsets were identified and their ratios determined using the ABC (avidin-biotin peroxidase complex) technique and following monoclonal antibodies; Anti-Thy 1.2, Anti-Lyt 1, Anti-Lyt 2, and Anti-I-Ad. The 51Cr release assay was used to test the mouse sera for cytotoxic antibodies, and an indirect immunofluorescence (IF) technique to assess the sera for tumor cell membrane-bound antibodies. There was a marked enlargement of the RLN:s reaching the peak on day 12, due to increase of the Vv of the B-zone as well as of the T-zone. Evidence of distinct B-cell stimulation by the growing of P815X2 was provided by an early decrease of Thy1.2+/I-Ad+ cell ratio both in the RLN:s and in NRLN:s. This activation of B-cells seems to be parallel to the elevation of Lyt1+/Lyt2+ ratio in T-cell region on day 6. The IF-tests for or the presence of tumor cell membrane-bound antibodies were almost invariably negative. With exception of two sera, the 51Cr-release assay for cytotoxic antibodies against P815X2 targets was negative. The present study confirms the previous observations on failure to find circulating cytotoxic or cell membrane-bound antibodies in DBA/2 mice bearing P815X2 mastocytoma, despite the morphologically well definable activation in RLN:s and in NRLN:s of the B-cell areas. This is in alignment with the findings in the majority of human tumors, where B-cell predominance in RLN:s does not represent a favourable prognostic sign.
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PMID:Immune response against P815X2 mastocytoma growing in syngeneic DBA/2 mice. I. Morphometric assessment of lymph node immunoreactivity and analysis of circulating antibodies. 309 73

Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) both occur preferentially in the soft tissues, and may be confused with one another microscopically. We compared 8 examples of each tumor immunohistochemically, using formalin-fixed tissue, the ABC method, unconjugated Ulex europaeus I agglutinin (UEA), rabbit antibody to UEA, and monoclonal antibodies to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin (CK), factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIRAG), and blood group isoantigens A, B, and H (BGI). Six of 8 cases of ES, and 7 of 8 epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas bound UEA; similarly, 6 of 8 ES cases were reactive for BGI, as were 4 of 8 examples of EH. All epithelioid sarcomas were positive for CK, and 7 displayed EMA, whereas these antigens were lacking in EH. Conversely, 5 of 8 cases of EH contained FVIIIRAG, which was absent in all examples of ES. These findings underscore the nonspecificity of UEA-binding and BGI-expression as markers of endothelial differentiation. Moreover, they suggest that sole reliance upon these immunohistologic reactants for the identification of vascular tumors may result in diagnostic error. Inasmuch as ES and EH differ in biological behavior, such a mistake would be significant. Thus, we advocate the inclusion of immunostains for EMA, CK, and FVIIIRAG in the evaluation of histologically-similar cases of epithelioid sarcoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.
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PMID:Epithelioid sarcoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: an immunocytochemical and lectin-histochemical comparison. 310 Dec 80

Rat large granular lymphocyte (LGL) tumor cell lines were analyzed for the presence of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in their cytolytic secretory granules. When isolated rat LGL tumor cells were incubated in vitro for 1 to 3 hr with [35S]sulfate, and the 35S-labeled macromolecules were purified by density-gradient centrifugation, they filtered on Sepharose CL-4B columns predominantly as approximately 500,000 m.w. macromolecules. After 19 hr of incubation with [35S]sulfate, however, an 85,000 m.w. species predominated. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that the larger macromolecules were proteoglycans that with time were processed to glycosaminoglycan-sized macromolecules. As assessed by their susceptibility to chemical and enzymatic degradation and by high pressure liquid chromatography of the chondroitinase ABC-generated unsaturated disaccharides, the cell-associated rat LGL tumor cell proteoglycans bore almost exclusively chondroitin sulfate A glycosaminoglycans. Northern blot analysis using a gene-specific probe revealed that both normal peripheral blood and transformed rat LGL expressed the same approximately 1.3-kb mRNA that encodes the peptide core of the proteoglycans in the secretory granules of rat and mouse mast cells. In vivo radiolabeling of rat LGL tumor cells and isolation of their intact granules after nitrogen cavitation and density sedimentation established that glycosaminoglycans compartmentalized with cytolytic activity. Thus these negatively charged macromolecules may play a role in the regulation of the packaging and delivery of the cytolysins and basically charged serine proteases that have been identified in the cytolytic secretory granules of LGL.
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PMID:Co-sedimentation of chondroitin sulfate A glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans with the cytolytic secretory granules of rat large granular lymphocyte (LGL) tumor cells, and identification of a mRNA in normal and transformed LGL that encodes proteoglycans. 311 Feb 86


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