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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clear cell chondrosarcoma, a subtype and separate entity from the conventional chondrosarcoma, is characterized by its special histologic features, site of predilection, slow growth and better prognosis. Three cases are presented with elucidation of clinicopathologic correlation and detection by ABC immunohistochemical method using several antibodies. The observation of positive reaction to S-100 protein, vimentin, anti-alpha-chymotrypsin and Lysozyme by the tumor cells of clear cell chondrosarcoma, similar to chondrosarcoma and chondroblastoma, proves that this tumor has its origin from the cartilaginous tissue. It was found for the first time that the clear cell chondrosarcoma was positive for wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A. The authors believe that clear cell chondrosarcoma may result from the anaplastic change of chondroblastoma cells into another subtype of that tumor. The osteoblastlike multinucleated giant cells, retaining the antigens of phagocytes, are not considered to be neoplastic.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study on clear cell chondrosarcoma]. 180 53

Twenty-seven extranodal oral lymphomas were subclassified according to the National Institutes of Health International Working Formulation. Immunophenotypes were then determined by means of an ABC technique with newly generated antibodies that identify fixation-resistant antigens on lymphoid cells. Diffuse small and large cell lymphomas were the most frequently identified subtypes. B-cell-associated antibody, L26, stained a majority of tumor cells in all lymphomas. Although 4KB5 was a less consistent B-cell marker, it stained most lymphomas. Reactive T-cell infiltrates, identified with antibodies MT1, UCHL-1, anti-CD3, and OPD4, varied from slight to intense. MT1 occasionally showed cross-reactivity with neoplastic B cells. No "histiocytic" lymphomas were found, but reactive macrophage infiltrates were identified in many lymphomas with monoclonal antibody KP1. In view of the immunohistochemical results, all lymphomas were believed to be of B-cell origin. Although antibody panels of the type used in this study can be effective in subtyping routinely processed oral lymphomas, careful interpretation is required because of reactive T-cell infiltrates.
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PMID:Extranodal oral lymphomas: histologic subtypes and immunophenotypes (in routinely processed tissue). 181 53

112 cases of normal, dysplastic and neoplastic cervical epithelium were studied with a panel of twelve various lectins and ABC technique. The results showed that: (1) ConA and WGA receptors were relative to Squamous epithelial origin of the Cervix. (2) PNA, UEA-1, BSL and PHA receptors correlated with the tumorigenicity of cervical squamous epithelium. (3) WGA receptor correlated with the cell differentiation of squamous carcinomas. (4) DBA receptor was related with tumor invasion. (5) ConA and SJA receptors were related to the tumorigenicity of columnar epithelium of the endocervical glands. (6) Applications of neuraminidase caused compositional changes of glycoconjugates in the receptors of normal, dysplastic and malignant cervical epithelium and this may be of some value in clinical practice.
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PMID:[Distribution of lectin-receptors in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic cervical epithelium]. 181 64

It has been proven that the abnormal activation of ras oncogene and the expression of its product P21, a 21,000-dalton molecular weight protein, are present in a number of human tumors. Using an ABC immunoencymatic staining technique and a P21-specific monoclonal antibody, SCI-Oncogema I, we have detected the expression of P21 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 53 bladder tumors and 7 normal bladder mucosae. The chi 2 test was used for data analysis. The results demonstrate that P21 is only expressed on tumor tissues. It is also seen that the percentage of P21 positivity increases, obviously in parallel with the increase of pathological grade and stage. The morbidity rate due to tumor recurrence in 32 P21-positive patients was only 9% (3/32), whereas that in 21 P21-negative cases was 67% (14/21). This suggests that in patients with bladder tumors P21 positivity could be considered as an objective indicator of a favorable prognosis.
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PMID:Correlation between the expression of the P21 ras oncogene product and the biological behavior of bladder tumors. 181 47

In order to examine a role of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the process of glioma cell invasion, we investigated the immunohistochemical localization of fibronectin (FN), laminin(LN) and FN-receptor (FN-R) in human malignant gliomas. The surgical specimens were obtained from 15 patients with malignant gliomas. Tumor tissue and adjacent brain tissue including tumor infiltration were frozen at -80 degree C immediately after the resection. Ten microns thick frozen tissue was cut out on a cryostat and divided into three different parts on the histology stained with HE, ie, the tumor region(T), brain tissues with tumor infiltration(I), and the border region between these two parts(B). These sections were air-dried, and fixed with cold acetone (-4 degrees C) for 5min. Adjacent sections were immunohistochemically stained by ABC method, using monoclonal antibody for FN-R and polyclonal antibodies for FN and LN. FN, LN and FN-R were all stained at the vascular and pial-glial basement membranes intensely in all gliomas. In immunostain for FN, fine networks of FN were observed in the extracellular space in all three parts. Some tumor cells were clustered around such networks of FN in brain tissues with tumor infiltration. Immunostain for LN demonstrated that the vascularity in the border between the tumor and the brain with tumor infiltration was much higher than that in other parts. LN was not stained in the extracellular space in all these gliomas. FN-R was expressed in some tumor cells, especially in the clustered tumor cells in the brain with tumor infiltration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical localization of fibronectin, laminin and fibronectin-receptor in human malignant gliomas--in relation to tumor invasion]. 182 88

The nature of the cooperation between platelets and tumor cells during the process of blood-borne metastasis is essentially unknown. In previous in vitro studies we showed that platelets participated in the formation of gaps in the endothelial cell lining, and that concomitantly heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans were degraded by the platelet heparitinase, released on activation of platelets. In the current study we show that the ability to degrade proteoheparan sulfate derived from endothelial extracellular matrix is gradually eliminated when the number of human platelets is decreased from 5 x 10(7) to 10(6) cells/mL. When aliquots of conditioned media or lysates of either Eb or heat-inactivated ESb mouse lymphoma cells (both of which showed no heparanase activity) were added to freeze-thawed lysates of 10(6) platelets, a reappearance of platelet heparitinase activity was observed. A similar activation was not elicited by lysates of several normal mammalian cells. These data suggest that in its native form, a fraction of the platelet heparitinase is stored in an inactive form that can be activated by a factor secreted by lymphoma, but not by normal cells. Partial characterization of the heparitinase-activating factor showed that it is a heat-stable polyanionic molecule, devoid of proteolytic activity and resistant to both proteolytic and chondroitinase digestions. Activation of platelet heparitinase was also observed on coincubation with chondroitinases ABC and AC, suggesting that the inactive form of platelet heparitinase could result from a complex formation with a chondroitinase-sensitive proteoglycan. The lymphoma-derived heparitinase activating factor itself is, however, not a chondroitinase, because activity of chondroitinase could not be detected in Eb and ESb cells. A possible mechanism by which tumor cells recruit and regulate the activity of platelet heparitinase, and its relevance to the progression of blood borne metastasis, is discussed.
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PMID:Activation of platelet heparitinase by tumor cell-derived factors. 185 91

A mouse monoclonal antibody, FKH1, was produced to detect cytoplasmic melanoma-associated antigen. FKH1 was raised using cultured human melanoma cell line KHm-6 as immunogen. Reactivity of this antibody was assessed by immunohistochemical techniques. Positive reactions were seen against 5 human melanoma cell lines and cultured human epidermal melanocyte. It stained cytoplasm of melanoma cells in a diffuse and granular pattern with indirect immunofluorescence. Immunoelectron microscopy showed diffuse distribution of immuno-reactant in the cytoplasm of KHm-1 cells excluding melanosomes and other subcellular organelles. In immunoblotting, FKH1 bound with proteins having molecular weight of 71 kd and 55 kd extracted from KHm-6 cells. Reactivity against frozen and alcohol-fixed paraffin-embedded melanocytic tumors was also tested with indirect immunofluorescence or ABC (avidin biotin peroxidase complex) techniques. All cases of frozen sections from benign and malignant melanocytic tumors including 2 cases of amelanotic melanoma showed positive staining with FKH1. In fixed tissues, reactivity was 16/19 (84.2%) in malignant melanoma and 30/44 (68.2%) in other melanocytic tumors. FKH1 did not react against normal melanocytes, C-type nevus cell, intradermal nevus pigmentosus with neuroid structure and neurofibroma. It was demonstrated that FKH1 recognized proliferative melanocytes originated from melanoblast or melanoblastic nevoblast. FKH1 failed to stain normal human peripheral nerves and nonmelanocytic tumors except APUDoma and malignant Merkel cell tumor. In halo nevus, nevus cells were clearly distinguished from intermingling inflammatory cell infiltrate. It was suggested that FKH1 is a useful monoclonal antibody in diagnosing human malignant melanoma, particularly in evaluating tumor thickness of Breslow more precisely.
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PMID:[Mouse monoclonal antibody (FKH1) detecting human melanoma-associated antigens: production, partial characterization and immunohistochemical analysis]. 188 56

MHC class I and II molecules play an important role in specific interactions with cells of the immune system. Endogenous or exogenous antigens are presented to the clonotypic receptor of T cells as small peptides associated to MHC molecules. Qualitative or quantitative variation in the expression of these molecules in the surface of tumor cells could have important implications in anti-tumor immune responses. We have analysed 344 human tumors for HLA class I and II expression and found that 10-30% of tumors present a total loss of HLA ABC molecules. In addition, HLA-A or -B locus-specific losses were also detected. These alterations have been correlated with tumor aggressiveness in breast and laryngeal carcinomas. We also have observed that the expression of HLA ABC molecules in autologous metastasis did not always correspond with the expression detected in the primary tumor. In laryngeal carcinomas HLA-DR expression was associated with an excellent prognosis. We have observed in most tumors that the absence of class I molecules usually corresponds with a simultaneous loss of heavy chain and beta 2 microglobulin expression and with a low level of the mRNA specific for class I genes. Nevertheless, a variety of mechanisms are involved since in colon tumors the absence of expression is caused by beta 2 microglobulin down regulation. Also post-transcriptional mechanisms may be involved in the differential expression of HLA-A and -B locus products. There is no doubt that a more exact knowledge of the mechanisms that produce alteration in the expression of these antigens will help to manipulate MHC gene expression in human tumors and to induce a more efficient immune response.
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PMID:MHC expression on human tumors--its relevance for local tumor growth and metastasis. 191 16

The immunohistochemical technique (ABC and PAP methods) and microspectrophotometry were used separately to localize estrogen receptor (ER) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and to measure the DNA content in 44 cases of primary breast carcinoma. The results showed that (1) there was significant statistical difference in DNA content among most histological types of breast carcinoma (P less than 0.05); (2) the DNA content was inversely correlated with ER status (P less than 0.05) and positively with CEA (P less than 0.05) in breast cancer; (3) the mean values of DNA content and nuclear area were higher in patients survived more than 5 years than in those survived less than 5 years. It is suggested that the DNA content was roughly consistent with the grades of malignancy of the histological types of carcinoma, and the changes of DNA content not only affected the expression of ER and CEA but are also correlated with the refractoriness to hormone therapy in some patients with ER positive tumor.
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PMID:[A study of DNA content in relation to histological type, ER and CEA in primary breast carcinoma]. 196

Eighteen cases of cutaneous germinal center cell-derived lymphomas (CGCCL) were classified into 3 types according to Kiel classification: centrocytic lymphomas (CC), 7; centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas (CB/CC), 9; and centroblastic lymphomas (CB), 2. The duration of the disease was 3-14 months (median 9.5 months) after the first admission. In all cases, monomorphous cutaneous nodules were found as the initial manifestation of the disease. Twelve cases of CGCCL, especially those of CB and CB/CC, initially presented with normochromic anemia, a finding which is helpful in the diagnosis of the disease. Cytomorphologically, CB tumor cells were easily identified, white CC cells were hard to distinguish from the cells of nonepidermotropic cutaneous T cell lymphoma. In many cases, however, electron microscopic examination and cytochemical stains of skin biopsy tissue imprints are useful in diagnosing CGCCL. Immunoenzyme labelling (ABC method) with monoclonal antibodies indicated that B1, K and lambda positivity are very important markers for CGCCL. Our findings also showed a higher percentage of rK type in CGCCL as compared to the Western countries.
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PMID:Cutaneous germinal center cell-derived lymphomas. A clinical histopathological and immunopathological study of 18 cases. 206 37


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