Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 42-year-old female visited our hospital because of left breast tumor and left arm swelling with severe pain. She had had right radical mastectomy and bilateral oophorectomy at 27 and 29 years of age, respectively. On admission, she had a hard mass, which seemed to be a severe invasion of the chest wall, on her left breast with a severe nipple ulcer. We inserted a catheter operatively through the thyrocervical truncus to the subclavian artery for the arterial infusion therapy. She was administered 250 mg of 5-FU daily, and 10 mg of ADM, 10 mg of CDDP, 10 KE of OK-432, every other week. During 70 days, 10,000 mg of 5-FU, 50 mg of ADM, 50 mg of CDDP and 50 KE of OK-432 were administered. As soon as the breast tumor became smaller, showed some mobility and the nipple ulcer healed, we carried out left mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Pathological findings showed severe degeneration and necrosis of cancer cells. Lymphocytes surrounded necrotic tissue, and there was a follicular pattern of invasion. This phenomenon was considered to result from the promotion of cellular immunological reaction by OK-432.
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PMID:[A case report of the effective arterial infusion for advanced recurrence breast cancer with 5-FU, ADM, CDDP and OK-432]. 339 41

We have studied the levels of glutathione S-transferase in drug-resistant and -sensitive human tumor cell lines to examine a possible involvement of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in multidrug resistance mechanisms. No increase in the activity of glutathione S-transferase was detected in myelogenous leukemia K562 resistant to adriamycin (K562/ADM), ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780 resistant to adriamycin (2780AD), or acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line CCRF-CEM resistant to vinblastine (CEM-VLB100), compared with the drug-sensitive parent tumor cells. The human breast cancer cell lines Hattori and MCF-7 had a 12- to 63-fold lower level of glutathione S-transferase activity than K562, A2780, CCRF-CEM, and their drug-resistant sublines. Induction of ADM resistance in Hattori did not increase the activity of glutathione S-transferase. However, induction of colchicine resistance in MCF-7 resulted in a 70-fold increase in the activity of glutathione S-transferase. A revertant of the colchicine-resistant MCF-7 contained a level of glutathione S-transferase activity similar to that of the resistant subline. The increase of glutathione S-transferase activity did not alter the sensitivity of the cell to cytotoxic drugs. The increased activity was due to the appearance of glutathione S-transferase pi, as shown by enzyme inhibition using anti-glutathione S-transferase pi antibody. Our findings indicate that increased cellular glutathione S-transferase activity is not associated with the development of multidrug resistance.
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PMID:Comparison of glutathione S-transferase activity between drug-resistant and -sensitive human tumor cells: is glutathione S-transferase associated with multidrug resistance? 339 43

For local treatment of inflammatory breast cancer and recurrent breast cancers with liver metastasis, we applied intraarterial infusion chemoembolization therapy utilizing albumin microspheres containing adriamycin (ADM-ms), which was developed by Morimoto. In this study, there were 2 cases of inflammatory breast cancer and 3 cases of recurrent breast cancers with liver metastasis. Arterial canulation of primary breast cancer were made through both arteries, the internal mammary artery and lateral thoracic artery, which were feeding arteries of the breast. ADM-ms was injected into both arteries and its tumor effect was evaluated clinically and histologically. Remarkable reduction in tumor size was recognized. Histologic examination of resected specimens revealed extensive fibrosis in the center of the primary tumors. A few cancer cells, degenerated in various degrees, were found remaining in the periphery of the necrotic mass. Local side effects of the microspheres were skin disturbances such as pain, redness and blistering. ADM-ms was injected into the hepatic artery for the liver metastatic cases, and its antitumor effect was evaluated by CT scan or echography. Effective reduction in tumor size was only recognized in one case. No serious systemic side effects, not recognized in any case. Our report reviews the effectiveness of this therapy as a preliminary procedure for surgical treatment of inoperable inflammatory breast cancer.
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PMID:[Intraarterial chemo-embolization with adriamycin containing albumin microspheres]. 341 60

Two cases of postoperative brain metastasis of breast cancer were evaluated after chemotherapy using ACNU. Case 1: A 47-year-old female, who had undergone right standard radical mastectomy in 1979 for breast cancer (T2 N0M0, papillo-tubular carcinoma), was treated with ADM, TAM, and 60Co irradiation for bone metastasis in 1983. In 1984, she complained of loss of consciousness and paralysis of the extremities due to brain metastasis. After chemotherapy using ACNU (100 mg X 3), brain metastasis could not be detected on CT. She remained asymptomatic for more than 9 months without recurrence after therapy. Case 2: A 46-year-old-female, who had undergone left standard radical mastectomy in 1980 for breast cancer (T1 N1 M0, medullar tubular carcinoma), complained of headache and vertigo accompanying a hard tumor in the scalp. Chest X-ray and CT demonstrated right lung metastasis and left cerebellar metastasis. After combination chemotherapy using ACNU (100 mg) + MMC (4 mg) i.v. and FT (600 mg/day) p.o., symptoms and tumor on CT disappeared for 10 months after therapy. However, the patient died of aggravation of angina pectoris and D.M. from which she had been suffering for several years previously. These two cases correspond to complete response (CR) according to the response criteria proposed by Koyama-Saitoh.
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PMID:[Successful chemotherapy in postoperative brain metastasis of breast cancer using ACNU--two case reports]. 345 52

Weekly low-dose injections of 20 mg 4'-epi-adriamycin (E-ADM) were given to 12 patients with advanced postmenopausal breast cancer for at least 8 weeks. In advance, all patients were given hormonal therapy and polychemotherapy not containing anthracyclines. E-ADM concentrations in plasma and urine and in blood and bone marrow cells were determined during 8 consecutive weeks. Plasma concentrations in the range of a few nanograms per milliliter were seen up to 72-96 h. Cellular concentrations appeared to be more than 100-fold the plasma concentrations, and were 190 +/- 66 ng/10(9) cells on day 8, before the next injection was given. Nevertheless, no serious bone marrow toxicity was observed. In two patients with an increased plasma bilirubin concentration, cellular E-ADM concentrations were 20%-40% higher than those observed in the other patients. Plasma concentrations of E-ADM and 4'-epi-adriamycinol showed terminal half-lives 2-3 times longer and could be followed throughout the week. In three patients biopsies of skin metastases were examined. In two patients E-ADM could be demonstrated in the tumor tissue up to 7 days after the last injection. Although the number of patients investigated is too small to relate the drug kinetics to clinical response, it is of interest that the two patients with the highest cellular E-ADM concentrations responded better than the others.
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PMID:Cellular and plasma pharmacokinetics of weekly 20-mg 4'-epi-adriamycin bolus injection in patients with advanced breast carcinoma. 346 36

About 80% of patients with breast cancer ultimately die of metastatic disease at 20 years. Distant metastases are more important as a cause of death than local or regional relapses. It is for this reason that adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary, especially in young patients and those with extensive disease. Initial chemotherapy preceding any local or regional treatment is justified on the grounds that both surgery and anaesthesia lead to immunodepression. Further, the value of initial chemotherapy has been demonstrated in many experimental and clinical trials by Nissen-Meyer, Bonadonna and Cooper (1-3). In the present study 145 patients, including 67 with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), were treated with 4-6 weeks of Velbe, thiotepa, methotrexate, fluorouracil and prednisone, with Adriblastin added for patients with IBC, T greater than 7 cm, or N2, N3. Because of tumour regression of greater than 50% observed in 80% of the patients, the majority (123 patients) then received radiotherapy alone (cobalt + iridium), resulting in complete remission in all these cases. Maintenance treatment with the same drugs was prescribed for 6-18 months depending on the initial stage. Tumour regression appears to be an important prognostic factor. Median follow-up is only 17 months, the longest being 42 months. Overall survival at 2 years for IBC is 90%, with a disease-free survival of 80%. Cosmetic results are excellent. While these results are encouraging, longer follow-up is needed to confirm this improvement.
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PMID:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer. 352 69

An overexpression of plasma membrane glycoprotein with a relative molecular mass (Mr) of 170,000-180,000 is consistently found in different multidrug-resistant human and animal cell lines, although the functional role of the protein in multidrug resistance is not fully understood. It has been reported previously that the Mr 170,000-180,000 glycoprotein is involved, directly or indirectly, in the drug transport mechanism and the proliferation of multidrug-resistant tumor cells. In an attempt to clarify further the function of the Mr 170,000-180,000 glycoprotein, we have studied the phosphorylation state of the protein in intact K562/ADM cells and found that: the protein is phosphorylated in the basal state; verapamil and trifluoperazine, which inhibit the active drug efflux and restore drug sensitivity in resistant cells, caused an increase in the phosphorylation of the Mr 170,000-180,000 glycoprotein; 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate and 1-oleoyl 2-acetylglycerol enhanced phosphorylation of the protein; the protein was phosphorylated at serine residues; tryptic phosphopeptide mapping of the Mr 170,000-180,000 glycoprotein showed that 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate treatment induced an increase in phosphorylation at different sites of the protein from those induced by verapamil or trifluoperazine treatment, suggesting that the protein is phosphorylated by an array of complex regulation mechanisms. Phosphorylation of the Mr 170,000-180,000 glycoprotein might play a role in the regulation of processes affecting cellular function in multidrug resistance.
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PMID:Phosphorylation of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000 glycoprotein specific to multidrug-resistant tumor cells: effects of verapamil, trifluoperazine, and phorbol esters. 356 6

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) levels were evaluated in two groups of cancerous patients to try to correlate CIC levels, tumor stage and chemotherapy received. There were 40 patients with Lung Cancer (LC) clinical stages III and IV; 60 patients with Breast Cancer (BC) stages II, III and IV and 38 normal controls. LC patients showed significant increase in CIC values before, during and after treatment as compared to controls, without any difference among groups under different treatment combinations and tumor stage. Stage II BC patients showed decreased CIC levels during treatment (p less than 0.01 vs initial value). This decrease was maintained after treatment (p less than 0.02). Stage III BC patients showed different behaviour according to treatment: those who only received chemotherapy (ADM + CTX) showed no significant differences during treatment, and those treated with ADM + CTX and megestol acetate (MA) displayed decreased CIC levels after treatment (p less than 0.05) reaching similar control values. Stage IV patients treated with ADM + CTX + MA returned to normal CIC values during treatment. These results proved that combined treatment of chemotherapy and hormone therapy diminished CIC levels in BC patients, while therapy given to LC patients did not present any modifications.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in breast and lung cancer, before and after chemotherapy. 360 38

A study of FAM (5-FU, ADM, MMC) hepatic infusion chemotherapy via the left subclavian artery was performed in 40 patients with liver metastasis from colorectal carcinoma. The response rate was 61.1% (1 CR and 21 PR among 36 evaluable cases), and the 50% survival period was 11.6 months. CT imaging in the 22 responders was discussed. The CT scan images showed no remarkable changes except for tumor size in 10 cases (45.5%), a decrease of marginal density in 4 cases (18.2%), an increase of calcification in 2 cases (9.1%), dimpling sign in 3 cases (13.6%) and fatty liver degeneration and abscess formation in the hepatic duct in 1 case (4.5%). These findings on CT scan were important for evaluating the effects and side effects in patients receiving hepatic infusion chemotherapy, and provided useful information for follow-up.
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PMID:[The effect and CT imaging of FAM hepatic infusion chemotherapy in patients with liver metastasis from colorectal carcinoma]. 363 74

A 50-year-old woman with bilateral inflammatory breast cancer (T4, N1b, M1, Stage IV) underwent right extended radical mastectomy and left modified radical mastectomy following pre-operative administration of carcinostatics (ADM, 5-FU) and irradiation. However, tumor recurrence was observed at the skin and right pleural cavity after the operation. Adriamycin-containing combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy were performed, but no significant response was obtained. CDDP was then administered intravenously at a daily dose of 62.5 mg/m2 at intervals of 60 days. The pleural effusion disappeared and the extent of skin metastasis was reduced, resulting in partial response which lasted for 90 days. The serum CEA level decreased from 13.1 ng/ml to 2.3 ng/ml. As the side effects of this therapy, slight nausea, vomiting and general fatigue were observed. This result suggested that CDDP is an effective drug for inflammatory breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case report of inflammatory breast cancer effectively treated with cis-platinum]. 363 75


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