Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sulfatide-containing liposomes composed of PC, cholesterol, and sulfatide in a molar ratio of 7:2:1 entrapped ADM most efficiently among the negatively-charged liposomes tested. A unilamellar vesicle entrapped 123 ADM molecules, of which 6 molecules are localized in the internal space of the vesicle, 4 molecules are embedded into the membrane matrix, and 113 molecules are bound to the inner surface of the liposomal membrane. Highly efficient entrapment of ADM by the liposomes seems to be due to their rigidity. By the experiment using ovarian tumor-bearing nude mice, it was found that the liposome-entrapped ADM was maintained at much higher blood level, at lower concentration in the heart, and at higher concentration in the tumor than the free drug. The antitumor activity of the liposome-entrapped ADM was comparable with that of the free drug. The body weight of the animals was not affected by the former, whereas it was drastically decreased by the latter.
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PMID:Adriamycin entrapped in sulfatide-containing liposomes. 263 10

The effect of verapamil (calcium influx blocker) on adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity against sensitive and resistant subline of K 562 acute myelogenous human leukemia cells has been evaluated. Verapamil by itself at a concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml did not affect the cell growth. It was found that the nontoxic concentration of verapamil moderately enhanced adriamycin cytotoxicity against K 562 cells, showing enhancement ratio of 1.3-1.4 according to the schedule used. A significant enhancement of adriamycin cytotoxicity (enhancement ratio of 5.8) was observed when verapamil and adriamycin were administered simultaneously against resistant subline of K 562/ADM cells. The results obtained give grounds to assume that verapamil could be used to overcome drug resistance in tumor cells.
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PMID:Effect of calcium influx blocker verapamil on adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity in leukemia cells in vitro. 263 1

In vitro chemosensitivity was evaluated in human head and neck cancers using the succinate dehydrogenase (SD) test and the results were compared to findings in cases of malignant lymphomas and gastric cancers. Tumor fragments were exposed to several antitumor drugs at ten times the peak plasma concentration and assayed for SD activity. Decrease of SD activity was most prominent in the malignant lymphomas in cases of exposure to ADM, ACR, DDP, MMC and CQ; in which the average of SD activity decreased to below 30%. In the squamous cell carcinomas, SD activity below 40% was also observed with the same drugs, while the SD activity of gastric cancers was about 50%. There was a change of chemosensitivity following chemotherapy. The use of the SDI test will aid in selecting drugs for the prevention of recurrence or metastasis in head and neck cancers.
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PMID:Succinate dehydrogenase inhibition test for evaluating head and neck tumors. 271 26

We produced the chelated Adriamycin-Aluminum complex (ADM-Al complex) for experimented evaluation. Human gastric cancer was transplanted into nude mice divided into 4 groups for drug injections; 1) Control (0.9% NaCl), 2) Al acetate (1 mg/ml), 3) ADM only (1 mg/ml) and 4) ADM-Al complex (ADM 1 mg/ml + Al 1 mg/ml), 0.2 ml of each was administered through several injections simultaneously into the tumor periphery. Long term retention of ADM in the tumor was observed pathologically in Group 4. The concentration (microgram/g) of ADM after injection (5, 7, 28 days) was 22.3, 12.6, and 3.5 in Group 4, against 8.4, 2.0, and 0.0 in Group 3 (p less than 0.01). The estimated tumor weight inhibition rate was 66.6% in Group 4, compared with 21.4% in Group 3, and only 3% in Group 2. DNA tritium thymidine uptake inhibition rate was 43.8% in Group 4, compared with 21.2% in Group 3, and in 9.4% Group 2. No side-effect due to Al-chelation was observed. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of ADM-Al complex as a topical anticancer agent. Clinical use must be explored.
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PMID:[Experimental study on an adriamycin-aluminum complex modified anticancer agent]. 273 41

Tumor cells from 40 patients were tested by MTT assay. Five thousand to sixteen thousand tumor cells were plated into 96-well microplates with various concentrations of anticancer agents. After incubation for 48 h, the absorbance of each well was detected with an EIA reader and the effects of the agents were evaluated as positive when the inhibition rate was equal to or more than 50%. Normal cells were also processed under the same conditions, and the absorbance for normal cells was lower than that of tumor cells with statistical significance (P less than 0.05). The efficacy rates of MMC, 5-FU, ADM, and CDDP were 16.7, 8.3, 13.9, and 5.6%, respectively. The overall accuracy of this assay for clinical effects was 83.3%, with one false-positive and five true-negative cases. This MTT assay was also assumed to be useful for in vitro chemosensitivity testing of fresh surgical specimens.
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PMID:MTT assay with reference to the clinical effect of chemotherapy. 277 Mar 7

By methods of human osteosarcoma cell culture in vitro, 3H-TdR isotope incorporation, gas chromatography and animal test, experimental observations were made on acrylic bone cement containing antitumor drugs. The results were as follows: 1. BLMA5, DACT, Ara-c, CDDP, and ADM were more thermostable. It is possible that these drugs can endure the polymerizing heat of bone cement. 2. The effective release of BLMA5, Ara-c and DACT from bone cement persisted over 2 months. 3. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that drug particles in the bone cement decreased or disappeared after immersion of the cement in tissue culture medium or implantation of it in animal bones. This shows that drug particles can be released from bone cement in vitro or in vivo 4. Animal experimental demonstrated that the bone cement containing BLMA5 or Ara-c had no effect on the healing of soft tissue, and the injury in local bone and bone marrow adjacent to the bone cement was slight and could recover in 4-8 weeks. 5. The release of residual monomer from polymerized bone cement continued as long as one month. Although the residual monomer inhibited the growth of tumor cells slightly during the early stage, it was far from being as effective as medicated bone cement.
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PMID:[Experimental observations on acrylic bone cement containing antitumor drugs]. 277 56

Twelve patients with pleural mesothelioma were operated on over a period of 6 years. Two of six patients with localized type died of recurrence. One of two patients showed fibrous form with low grade malignancy and the other showed a mixed type on their histological examination. The remaining 4 patients are alive and well with the combined resection of the tumor and the chest wall for the past 2 to 3 years. Three of six patients with diffuse type had an operation of pleuropneumonectomy with the resection of adjacent structures such as the diaphragm, SVC and the chest wall. One of them who had had the implantation at the chest wall where the biopsy needle entered, developed peritoneal mesothelioma. At laparotomy, numerous nodules were found. He was given 470 mg of CDDP and 80 mg of ADM into the cavity through the tubes. Though this patient died eventually, nodules were found to be macroscopically disappeared at autopsy. But they were left in the area where the drugs could not reach. The other two patients are alive and well for 16 to 22 months after the operation. The remaining 3 patients, who did not have the diagnosis preoperatively, died of cardio-pulmonary insufficiency due to local compression by the huge tumor at 3 months, 7 months and 2 years respectively after the exploratory thoracotomy. It is concluded that wide resection including the rib for a case with solitary lesion and early thoracotomy for a case with undiagnosed chest fluid, followed by pleuropneumonectomy or pleurectomy and post-operative local chemotherapy, are recommended for this malignant disease.
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PMID:[Problems of diagnosis and surgical treatment in pleural mesothelioma]. 280 10

We treated 13 patients with superficial bladder cancer via intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for 1) prophylaxis of recurrent tumor (prophylaxis group, 8 patients), and 2) therapy of carcinoma in situ (CIS group, 5 patients), with a mean follow up of 13.3 and 14.2 months, respectively. BCG (Tokyo 172 strain) was given intravesically (80 mg in 40 ml, saline) weekly for 8 weeks after transurethral resection or biopsies. In the prophylaxis group, the recurrence rate per 100 patient-months was significantly decreased from 16.1 to 2.83, before and after the BCG therapy (p less than 0.005, chi-square). In 6 patients on whom previous intravesical chemotherapy (MMC and/or ADM) was unsuccessful, the recurrence rate at 100 patient-months was significantly decreased from 15.3 to 2.33, before and after the BCG therapy (p less than 0.005, chi-square). Therefore, we considered that BCG therapy was effective for the patients on whom previous intravesical chemotherapy was unsuccessful. In the CIS group, urine cytology changed to negative in all patients after the BCG therapy. Four of the 5 patients had no recurrence for a mean follow up of 13.8 months. In our cases (12 cases), OKT-4, and OKT-8 proportion of peripheral blood lymphocytes measured from immune reactions had not significantly changed after BCG therapy. This study suggests that BCG is effective not only in therapy of CIS, but in prophylaxis of previously treated cases.
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PMID:[Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for superficial bladder tumor: experience of 13 cases]. 281 16

On June 22, 1984, a 69-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of high fever and weight loss. On admission, laboratory data revealed the following: ICG R15 17%, and an AFP of 14 X 10(4) ng/ml. Celiac angiogram revealed a hypervascular tumor, a prominent A-P shunt, and an obstruction of the main portal trunk. After three sessions of one shot chemotherapy using ADM, MMC, and CDDP during the first admission, the AFP serum level decreased to 17,400 ng/ml, and tumor size regressed. Subsequently, the patient has received eighteen sessions of one-shot chemotherapy every two to four months and is still alive as of December 1987.
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PMID:[A case of HCC with a tumor thrombus in the main portal vein surviving (Vp4) for over three years and six months]. 284 43

For the characterization of membrane changes related to Adriamycin resistance in tumor cells, we have developed monoclonal antibodies against Adriamycin-resistant human myelogenous leukemia K562 (K562/ADM). In addition to the monoclonal antibodies which recognize P-glycoprotein, we have obtained two monoclonal antibodies (designated MRK4 and MRK20) which recognize an Mr 85,000 membrane protein. Using MRK20 as a probe, we have studied the expression of the Mr 85,000 protein in various human multidrug-resistant and -sensitive cell lines. The Mr 85,000 protein was overexpressed in K562/ADM and in a human ovarian cancer cell line resistant to Adriamycin, 2780AD. The protein, if any, was not detected in other drug-resistant human cell lines such as colchicine-resistant KB cells (KB-C4), vinblastine-resistant CEM cells (CEM/VLB100), and vincristine-resistant K562 cells (K562/VCR). We have isolated subclones of K562/ADM cells which express different amounts of the Mr 85,000 protein. The expression of the Mr 85,000 protein diminished when the cells were not kept in Adriamycin, and increased when the clones were kept in the presence of Adriamycin. In contrast, the expression of P-glycoprotein remained constant whether in the presence or absence of Adriamycin during these experiments. These findings suggest that the Mr 85,000 membrane protein is closely related to the resistant mechanism specific to Adriamycin resistance, which is different from that of the pleiotropic drug resistance.
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PMID:Mr 85,000 membrane protein specifically expressed in adriamycin-resistant human tumor cells. 290 93


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