Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The histological diagnosis of parotid gland tumoral pathology is difficult in some cases. Morphometry provides a possibility to quantify the histopathology minimizing the risk of a misdiagnosis. On this basis, a morphometric study of the normal parotid tissue and 13 types of parotid tumors is carried out and nuclear Area, D. Circle, Form. PE, and Form. AR are calculated. Statistical analysis the results is made using the Student's "t-test" and significant differences between benign and malignant tumors and between each tumor and the remainder are obtained. Contribution of the results to the histopathological diagnosis is discussed.
Rev ADM
PMID:[Morphometric study of epithelial neoplasms of the parotid gland]. 217 14

The case was a 82-year-old man with advanced gastric Borrmann 3 cancer on the posterior wall of the cardia. Laparotomy revealed peritoneal dissemination (P3) and liver metastasis (H1). Because of his advanced age and on the basis of local findings, gastrectomy was not performed. In order to treat peritoneal dissemination with two-route chemotherapy, two tubes were placed beneath the cul-de-sac of Douglas and the left subphrenic cavity and at the same time, for the purpose of intra-arterial chemotherapy, one more tube was inserted into the proper hepatic artery. At day 12 and day 25 after the operation, 5-FU (500 mg)-Lipiodol (10 ml) emulsion was infused through the tube inserted into the proper hepatic artery. Within 24 hours following the infusion, hyperthermotherapy was carried out at 42 degrees C for 40 minutes. In addition, two-route chemotherapy with CDDP (100 mg)-STS was given at day 14 and day 28 after the operation. Furthermore, one course of FAM [5-FU (1,500 mg), ADM (30 mg) and MMC (10 mg)] therapy was initiated five weeks after the operation. Although no further chemotherapy was performed thereafter, both gastric endoscopy and CT scanning disclosed complete disappearance of the tumor one year after the operation. This result suggests that combined chemotherapy according to the part of progression is effective for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A case of nonresectable gastric cancer completely responding to combined chemotherapy according to the mode of progression]. 217 77

The effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on anti-tumor activity of adriamycin entrapped in small unilamellar liposomes (ADM-Lip) has been studied using BALB/c mice bearing subdermal Meth-A fibrosarcoma. Accumulation of i.v. injected ADM-Lip, but not of free ADM, into tumor tissue was augmented by a single i.v. injection of rhTNF-alpha. The maximum effect of rhTNF-alpha was expressed when it was injected 1 hr before ADM-Lip. This rhTNF-alpha treatment did not result in increased accumulation of ADM-Lip in normal organs. Based on these results, we treated mice bearing Meth-A tumor with rhTNF-alpha and then with ADM-Lip 1 hr later. By 2-cycle treatments using this regimen, tumor growth was markedly inhibited, and 5 out of 13 mice tested were cured of tumor, while treatment with rhTNF-alpha alone, ADM alone, ADM-Lip alone or rhTNF-alpha plus ADM resulted neither in prolongation of survival time nor in cure of mice. Our results indicate that ADM-Lip can express a potent and systemic anti-tumor activity after pretreatment of animals with TNF, but only when administration of these drugs is appropriately timed.
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PMID:Augmentation for intratumoral accumulation and anti-tumor activity of liposome-encapsulated adriamycin by tumor necrosis factor-alpha in mice. 224 97

The effect of the calcium antagonists cepharanthine and verapamil on adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity against sensitive (K 562 and Ov 2780) and resistant (K 562/ADM and AD 10) sublines of human tumor cells was evaluated. Nontoxic concentrations of cepharanthine moderately enhanced adriamycin cytotoxicity against sensitive sublines (2.1-2.5 fold). A significant enhancement (13-26 fold) of drug cytotoxicity was observed when resistant cells were treated with a combination of cepharanthine and adriamycin. The calcium influx blocker verapamil (used for comparison) also enhanced adriamycin cytotoxicity, although to a lesser extent. The fact that enhancement was 6-10 fold greater in resistant then in sensitive cells, as well as the loss of biphasic properties of adriamycin on dose-response curves after combined treatment, indicate that cepharanthine may play a role in overcoming drug resistance in some tumor cells.
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PMID:Enhancement of adriamycin cytotoxicity in sensitive and resistant sublines of human tumor cells by calcium antagonists. 225 89

To establish the combination of chemotherapy with adoptive immunotherapy (AIT), using lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK) and/or interleukin-2 (IL-2), author examined the following: 1) Pretreatment with anticancer agents for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and its effect on LAK cell cytotoxicity and cell yield. 2) The addition of anticancer agents in the induction phase to LAK cell and its effect on LAK cell cytotoxicity and cell yield. 3) Pretreatment with anticancer agents to induced LAK cell and its effect on LAK cell cytotoxicity and cell yield. 4) The cytotoxicity of LAK cell against tumor cells treated with anticancer agents. Our experiment has shown that when we take peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to induce LAK cells, there is no influence on its LAK cell yield or its cytotoxicity after being harvested as LAK cells, even if there is a maximum concentration of anticancer agents, but in the case of the LAK cell induction phase VDS, CDDP, ADM and MMC have a significant effect on LAK cell yield and on cytotoxicity of LAK cell after being harvested as LAK cells. And it has also been shown that, if there is a maximum concentration of anticancer agents, it has an effect on the induced LAK cell cytotoxicity and on the LAK cell yield after being recultured with IL-2. On the other hand, LAK cell cytotoxicity makes no difference to tumor cells whether they are treated or not with anticancer agents. These results suggest that we can take peripheral blood mononuclear cells to induce LAK cells unrelated to the administration of anticancer agents, and that if we use a combination of chemotherapy with adoptive immunotherapy (IL-2 administration and/or LAK cell adaptation), we should start with the administration of anticancer agents and then administer IL-2 and/or transfer LAK cells after the concentration of anticancer agents decreased under 1/10 of maximum concentration in the blood level of our conventionally clinical use.
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PMID:[The influence of anticancer agents at various stages to induce LAK cell on its cytotoxicity and cell yield. Examination in vitro]. 228 45

In vitro chemosensitivity was evaluated in 28 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (12 pharyngeal cancers, 7 oral cavity cancers, 4 laryngeal cancers, 4 maxillary sinus cancers and 1 esophageal cancer) and 19 patients with thyroid cancer. Tumor fragments obtained at biopsy or surgery were exposed to anticancer drugs and assayed for succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity. The average of SD activity in squamous cell carcinomas was 63.2% for 5-FU, 24.6% for HCFU, 26.1% for CDDP, 41.0% for ADM, 28.4% for THP-ADM, 27.1% for ACR, 27.4% for CQ and 45.3% for VLB. In thyroid cancers, the average SD activity was 73.9% for 5-FU, 16.7% for HCFU, 32.6% for CDDP, 48.3% for ADM, 38.3% for THP-ADM, 57.3% for ACR, 39.0% for CQ and 75.3% for VLB. The SD activity inhibition rate by anticancer drugs was larger in cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas than in cases of thyroid cancers except for HCFU. Higher sensitivity to each antitumor drug detected in cancer tissues from metastatic lymph-nodes than in tissues from primary lesions needs further investigation.
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PMID:[Chemosensitivity testing of anticancer agents in head and neck tumors. I: Comparison between head and neck squamous cell cancers and thyroid cancers]. 229 40

Dose Intensity (DI) was analyzed among 52 eligible and complete patients with advanced gastric carcinoma receiving ADM, 5-FU & MMC (AFM) combination regimen under angiotensin II Induced Hypertension Chemotherapy (IHC). In the induction period DI of CR either in the initial response time or in the effective tumor reduction time was smaller than that of PR, although DI of total period of AFM administration was not different. Based on the evidences, heterogeneous distribution in tumor blood flow under normotension got improved under hypertension by angiotensin II, and chemotherapeutic effects were enhanced. A possibility of the reduction of doses of the drugs administered was suggested. In the maintenance, based on the clinical results, it is mentioned that DI is also useful for an indicator to decide the doses and continuation periods of drugs to be administered. Further investigation on DI will lead to obtain much better maneuver of chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Dose intensity and clinical response in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma treated by induced hypertension chemotherapy]. 232 82

A new form of hydroxypropylcellulose-adriamycin (HPC-ADM), which was supplemented with verapamil, a known calcium antagonist, in order to potentiate the antineoplastic effect of HPC-ADM, was synthesized and used for the treatment of superficial bladder carcinoma for clinical evaluation. The results are reported in this paper. A total of 23 patients who were treated for bladder carcinoma during a 2-year period (1987-1988) were subjected in this study. All patients were diagnosed cases of superficial bladder carcinoma as follows; Ta, 3 cases, T1, 18 cases and Tis, 2 cases. For the injection protocol, firstly HPC-ADM solution supplemented with verapamil was introduced into the urinary bladder via the urethra. After 2-3 weeks, the efficacy of the drug against the tumor was evaluated by cystoscope. Patients in whom the drug were found to be effective received increased administration of drug. In cases in whom the drug was found to be ineffective, different drugs for further treatment were adopted. The average frequency and amount of drug was 2.3 times and 45.2 mg, respectively. Complete responses achieved in 9 of 23 cases (39.1%). Of the 23 cases, 4 cases was with PR and 10 with NC. No cases were found to be with PD. Side effects were observed in 4 of the 23 cases (17.4%), however, severe side effects were not recognized. The important aspect in applying the method of intravesical therapy is that it makes enhanced antineoplastic potency possible with concomitant reduction of side effects and prevents the invasion of tumor.
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PMID:[The treatment of superficial bladder carcinoma with intravesical HPC-adriamycin and verapamil]. 235 24

Intravesical instillation of anti-cancer drugs for superficial urinary bladder cancer is generally carried out with the aim of prophylaxis against recurrence and chemotherapy against tumor. But since sensitivity of tumor cells to each anti-cancer drug differs individually, the anti-cancer drug to be used should also be decided individually. We selected a new sensitivity test, ATP-sensitivity-assay, which measures intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) volume by Luciferin-Luciferase reaction, for the decision of the anti-cancer drug. In this paper, we evaluated the direct anti-tumor activity of the drugs that were decided by ATP-sensitivity-assay of intravesical chemotherapy. Six drugs, that are Doxorubicin (ADM), Mitomycin C (MMC), Pirarubicin (THP-ADM), Cytarabine (Ara-C), Bleomycin (BLM) and Cisplatin (CDDP) were tested in this research and size of tumors of six patients reduced to 34-93% after 6 times' installation. A woman got cystitis induced by ADM after 3 times' instillation but instillation was completed. ATP-sensitivity-assay is useful for deciding the anti-cancer drugs for intravesical chemotherapy and prophylaxis for superficial bladder cancer.
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PMID:[Usefulness of ATP-sensitivity-assay of intravesical instillation therapy of anti-cancer agents for superficial bladder cancer]. 237 28

Reported is a case of a malignant neuroepithelioma in the retroperitoneum. The patient was a 37-year-old male suffering from lumbago and edema of the lower extremities. After ultrasonography and a CT scan, a diagnosis of a retroperitoneal tumor was made and a surgical resection of the tumor was performed in October, 1985. The subsequent pathological diagnosis was malignant neuroepithelioma which showed epithelioid cell clusters that stained positively to NSE. Eleven months later, metastatic tumors were seen present in the lungs and the liver though they regressed markedly after adjuvant chemotherapy with ADM, CPM, and VCR. Forty-one months after his first operation, the patient continues to work. In this case, adjuvant chemotherapy has proved effective.
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PMID:[A case of malignant neuroepithelioma in the retroperitoneum]. 240 79


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