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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Apart from choriocarcinoma, involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) by gynecologic malignancy is rare. A 10-year retrospective review at the University of Washington Medical Center (Seattle, WA) and Swedish Hospital and Medical Center Tumor Registry (Seattle, WA) identified 14 patients with cerebral metastases from ovarian carcinoma. Median age at diagnosis of cerebral metastases was 52.5 years. Median interval from the diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma to the diagnosis of CNS metastases was 14.5 months. Seven patients had received cisplatin therapy before CNS relapse. Seven patients underwent second-look procedures before developing CNS metastases; in three, results were negative. Eight patients had evidence of extraperitoneal spread to other sites at the time of CNS relapse. Clinical manifestations included motor weakness, seizures, headache, confusion, and speech disturbance. All lesions were contrast enhancing on computed tomography (CT) scans and were located in the cerebral hemispheres. Nine patients had single lesions, five of whom underwent surgical resection of the lesion with histologic confirmation of metastases from the primary site. Median survival was 2 months in patients receiving radiation therapy alone and 17 months in patients who received surgery and radiation. Median survival of the entire series was 3 months. The presence of multiple cerebral metastases or evidence of extraperitoneal spread elsewhere in the body was adversely associated with survival. The prognosis of patients with cerebral metastases from ovarian carcinoma appears poor. However, early diagnosis by routine CT scanning followed by surgical resection and radiation may improve overall survival in a select group of patients.
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PMID:Cerebral metastases from ovarian carcinoma. 200 40

In this report we present aspects of the epidemiology of headache (i.e., pain in the head, face, ear, or neck) among children with brain tumors. The data are derived from the 3,291 subjects in the Childhood Brain Tumor Consortium databank. Overall, 62% of the children with brain tumors experienced chronic or frequent headaches prior to their first hospitalization: 58% of children with supratentorial tumors and 70% of children with infratentorial tumors. The relative frequency of headache increased through age 7 and then leveled off regardless of tumor location. For children under age 5, headache rarely had a duration of more than 1 year prior to hospitalization. Among children over age 4, headache duration of at least one year was significantly greater for supratentorial than for infratentorial tumors. Children with a brain tumor and headache had a different distribution of symptoms and neurologic signs than those without headache. Tumor location and headache status were interactively associated with the presence of other symptoms and neurologic signs. Children with headache had a greater number of other symptoms and neurologic signs. Regardless of tumor location among children with headache, nausea or vomiting, papilledema, and hypoactive tendon reflexes were more frequent, while upper extremity weakness, optic atrophy, and irritability were less frequent. Diplopia, coma, stiff neck, anesthesia or hypesthesia, pupillary abnormalities, and abnormalities of personality, academic performance, or speech were associated with headache in children with supratentorial tumors. No specific symptoms or neurologic signs were associated with headache in children with infratentorial tumors. Supratentorial craniopharyngioma, ependymoma, and protoplasmic astrocytoma were associated with significantly high rates of headache as was infratentorial pilocytic astrocytoma.
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PMID:The epidemiology of headache among children with brain tumor. Headache in children with brain tumors. The Childhood Brain Tumor Consortium. 202 72

We report two right-handed patients who underwent resection of intrinsic glial tumors from the nondominant hemisphere, face motor cortex. Both patients underwent preoperative assessment with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging localizing the tumor in the inferior region of the Rolandic cortex. With the patients under general anesthesia and without muscular paralysis, the tumor volume was determined by intraoperative ultrasound and resective surgery accomplished with the aid of cortical and subcortical stimulation mapping techniques. Radical resection of the tumor from the face motor cortex was achieved in both patients. A transient contralateral facial weakness and apraxia were noted in each patient, and this resolved within 6 to 8 weeks following surgery. Removal of intrinsic tumors involving the nondominant face motor cortex may be safely achieved using brain mapping techniques to localize inferior Rolandic cortex and avoid resection of the hand motor cortex and descending subcortical motor pathways. Permanent disability will be prevented due to the bilateral representation of face motor function at the neocortical level. However, due to language localization in cortical zones contiguous with the dominant hemisphere, face motor cortex, we do not recommend resection of this region.
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PMID:Resection of intrinsic tumors from nondominant face motor cortex using stimulation mapping: report of two cases. 205 73

We reviewed 63 cases of cytologically confirmed leptomeningeal metastases (LM). 31 (49%) had solid tumors 17 (27%) had leukemia and 15 (24%) had lymphoma. The most common presenting symptom was pain (76%) with radicular discomfort (58%), headache (32%), neck or back pain (17%). The predominant neurological signs were mental status abnormalities (49%), weakness (47%), seizures (14%). The mode of presentation varied with tumor type. Patients with leukemia (18%) and lymphoma (13%) tended to present frequently with LM without systemic involvement, or during periods of apparent remission (leukemia 35%, lymphoma 27%), while patients with solid tumors had established systemic metastases (90%) at time of presentation. Laboratory studies did not vary among the groups. 71% had positive cytology on the first lumbar puncture (LP) and only 8% required more than 2 LPs. The cell count was a poor predictor of positive cytology as 29% of LP's with positive cytology and 36% of all LP's had less than 4 cells/mm. We conclude that 1) LM presents with pain and seizures more frequently than has been previously recognized; 2) LM is frequently the mode of presentation in patients with leukemia and lymphoma and; 3) cytology is positive frequently in CSF specimens with normal cell counts and chemistries.
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PMID:Leptomeningeal metastases: comparison of clinical features and laboratory data of solid tumors, lymphomas and leukemias. 208 37

A rare case of recurrence of a metastatic brain tumor which disappeared due to chemotherapy only is reported. A 52-year-old male was noticed to have an abnormal shadow in his chest X-P at a routine medical examination, so a close examination was made. He was diagnosed as having right renal cell carcinoma which had metastasized to the lung. He was treated by intra-arterial infusion of anti-cancer drugs and embolization of the right renal artery. No renal symptom was seen, growth of the primary tumor stopped, and the abnormal shadow in his chest diminished. However, weakness in the left hand appeared 19 months after the first examination and he was admitted to our clinic. He was alert, but slight left hand weakness was observed. CT scan revealed a diffusely enhanced mass in the right parietal lobe. Total removal of the brain tumor was performed and the histology was metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. He was discharged and was able to walk but he had slight left hemiparesis. UFT 6 capsules a day were administrated in our out-patient clinic. However, CT scan revealed recurrence of the tumor 2 weeks after discharge, we followed up with conservative treatment, and no growth of the tumor was seen. It disappeared 5 months after discharge after being treated with UFT only. We regard UFT as having been effective in this case.
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PMID:[A case of recurrence of a metastatic brain tumor which disappeared due to chemotherapy only]. 210 80

From 1958 through 1988, 87 patients with primary sacral tumor were treated surgically. The lesions consisted of benign tumors (17 patients) such as neurofibroma, chordomas (41), giant cell tumors (21), and malignant growths (8). Fifty-nine patients sustained destruction of S1-3 vertebrae, and 28 had the neogrowth below S3. A total of 99 operations including 13 total and 17 subtotal excision of the sacrum, as well as 12 for recurrent tumors in 99 cases were performed. Ten operations for primary tumors resulted in 3 intraoperative and 7 postoperative deaths. Thus, 89 surgical attempts were stood by the patients. Sixty-seven patients were followed up with an average interval of 5.5 years. Sixty patients showed good functional results and resumed normal life and work, whereas urinary incontinence, constipation and weakness of ankles and feet occurred in 7. The factors conducive to surgical success were stressed. We conclude that with the exception of frank malignancy, surgery should be advised and actively adopted for primary sacral tumors.
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PMID:Primary sacral tumors and their surgical treatment. A report of 87 cases. 212 8

A yearling Arabian-type filly with a history of poor growth, erythrocytosis, hypoglycemia, and high liver enzyme activities was admitted to the hospital for evaluation. Three days after admission, the filly collapsed, deteriorated rapidly despite treatment, and was euthanatized. A metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma with capsular rupture and hemoperitoneum were found at necropsy. Primary liver tumors are rare in horses, and hepatocellular carcinoma has been reported in only 1 other horse. The systemic manifestations of the tumor in this filly included weakness, weight loss, inappetence, erythrocytosis with tumor production of erythropoietin, persistent hypoglycemia with normal serum insulin concentrations, serum alpha-fetoprotein (normally present only during fetal life), and terminal massive hemoperitoneum, all features of the syndrome in man.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with erythrocytosis and hypoglycemia in a yearling filly. 215 51

A 67-year-old black male diabetic who had never consumed alcohol presented with anorexia, weakness, weight loss, and jaundice. Ultrasound demonstrated common bile duct obstruction; computed tomography scanning revealed multiple liver masses; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed a filling defect; aortogram confirmed the neovascularity of tumor proliferation; and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography confirmed high-grade common duct obstruction. Operative intervention demonstrated hepatocellular emboli to the common bile duct causing obstruction. We review the literature on this problem.
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PMID:Obstructive jaundice caused by hepatoma fragments in the common hepatic duct. 215 47

A total of 450 children with nephroblastoma were treated in the children's oncological department of the All-Union Cancer Research Centre, the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, between 1976 and 1986. Tumour relapses were diagnosed during various terms of postsurgery in 131 (29.1 per cent) of them: true relapses in 58 (44.1); retroperitoneal lymph nodal metastases in 56 (42.7 per cent) and the both patterns in 17 (13.2 per cent) patients. The majority of the children were older than 3 years. The initial and the most common manifestations of nephroblastoma relapses were the following symptoms: weakness and diminished appetite (93.1 per cent) pale skin (78.6 per cent), abdominal pains (77 per cent), enlarged abdomen (73 per cent), a palpable tumour (82.4 per cent), neurological symptomatology: defecation and urination disorders (12.9 per cent), pareses and paralyses of lower extremities (6.8 per cent). Timely usage of diagnostic complex measures (palpation under the control of myorelaxants, ultrasonic and computed tomography, angiography) enables one to diagnose nephroblastoma relapses. Such histological patterns of nephroblastoma as nondifferentiated blastema, sarcomatoid and rhabdoid tumours were considered as prognostically unfavourable ones. More relapses were diagnosed in children over 4 years. Some cases of nephroblastoma relapses are also caused by the operative technique (lumbar incision in nephrectomy) and extension of the tumour (into the adjacent organs and tissues--Stage II disease). Pre- of intraoperative ruptures of tumour capsules is a principal factor contributing to relapses. Radiation and chemotherapy are found to be mandatory for the prevention of the ruptures.
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PMID:[The diagnostic and prognostic characteristics of nephroblastoma recurrences in children]. 216 70

Acquired myasthenia gravis and cholangiocellular carcinoma were diagnosed in a 7-year-old English Setter referred because of forelimb lameness, exercise-induced weakness, and fever. Three months earlier, the dog had had a pleuropulmonary infection caused by a Fusobacterium sp. The concurrent development of myasthenia gravis and cholangiocellular carcinoma in this dog may be explained by a paraneoplastic syndrome, although it is unproven. The cholangiocellular carcinoma may have possessed an acetylcholine receptor-like antigen on the tumor surface, which induced autoantibodies to cross-react with acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
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PMID:Acquired myasthenia gravis and cholangiocellular carcinoma in a dog. 217 Mar 11


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