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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of BCG vaccine on the growth of imtransplants of Krebs-2 carcinoma in mice was studied. The simultaneous injection of BCG and tumor cells either inhibited tumor growth (BCG given in admixture with tumor cells) or stimulated it (BCG injected contralateral to the tumor transplantation site). The BCG dose was directly related to the effect. Tumor growth was also stimulated by the ip injection of starch or liquid paraffin. In these experiments, the BCG effect was attributed to the redistribution of cells involved in nonspecific and specific tumor resistance. Shortly after BCG prevaccination, particularly when BCG doses were high and mice were susceptible to vaccine infection, BCG was either without effect or stimulated tumor growth; later, however, tumor growth was inhibited regardless of the BCG dose and the injection site of the BCG. The effect of BCG prevaccination was suggested to be due to: 1)the distraction of macrophages and T-lymphocytes to defend the host against the multiplying mycobacteria, and 2)the activation of the pool of these cells that become capable to participate in antitumor resistance after mycobacteria elimination.
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PMID:Inhibition and stimulation of the growth of Krebs-2 carcinoma by BCG vaccine. 32 6

We are reporting our experience in 23 patients with tumors of the thoracic or lumbar vertebrae treated via surgical anterior decompression and stabilization. Seventeen patients had metastatic disease and were treated with vertebral body resection followed by stabilization with anterior polymethylmethacrylate and threaded Harrington rods with sacral distraction hooks. Six patients had primary tumors and, following tumor resection and partial vertebral body resection, had autogenous bone graft struts placed anteriorly as well as posterior instrumentation. Posterior instrumentation was transpedicular one level above and below in the lumbar spine, and segmental hooks and rods three levels above and below in the thoracic spine. Nineteen patients presented with severe unremitting pain, and 16 had neurologic deficits, including 7 who were unable to ambulate. Radiation therapy was used as an additional treatment and routinely begun 2 weeks postoperatively. All patients survived the surgery, and none had neurologic deterioration immediately postoperatively. Eight patients had died at the time of review. The mean survival was 14 months and ranged from 6 to 38 months. Of the surviving patients, follow-up ranged from 24 to 40 months with an average follow-up of 30 months. Pain relief was excellent in all but two patients (93%). Motor recovery occurred to some extent in all patients, and only one remained nonambulatory. Complications were minor in three patients (13%) and major in one (4%). Tumor recurrence with neurologic deterioration occurred in two patients. We are very encouraged by these results, and we recommend that patients with tumors of the vertebral body with neurologic deficit or severe unremitting pain be studied with MRI and/or myelography and CT. The patients with gross vertebral destruction and greater than 50% collapse of the vertebral body, those in need of a tissue diagnosis, or those with major neurologic deficit can be effectively treated by anterior decompression and stabilization.
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PMID:Tumors of the thoracic and lumbar spine: surgical treatment via the anterior approach. 252 70

During a ten-year period, 77 patients with spinal instability caused by metastatic pathologic fractures of one or more vertebrae were treated with anterior decompression and stabilization by replacement of the affected vertebral bodies with methylmethacrylate, polymerizing in situ, augmented by Knodt distraction rods positioned anteriorly. No postoperative external support was required, and the fixation achieved by this method was not affected adversely by subsequent irradiation at a mean of 4020 rads. Sixty-two patients had major neurologic impairments preoperatively and required spinal cord and/or nerve root decompression anteriorly prior to fixation. Of these, 26 had complete neurologic recovery postoperatively, 16 others improved significantly, 20 remained unchanged, and one patient deteriorated neurologically. Five patients suffered failures of fixation, although two were successfully restabilized after a second operation. The remaining 72 patients enjoyed good or excellent resolution of spine pain postoperatively, and, in patients surviving their underlying malignancies, stability did not deteriorate during the follow-up period ranging from 42 to 146 months. Six patients developed spinal instability from tumor lysis at a different level between five and 95 months postoperatively. All were treated with successful decompression and stabilization. There was one wound infection among the 83 anterior stabilization procedures. However, three of the six patients requiring secondary posterior stabilization suffered wound dehiscences, and three of these became infected.
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PMID:Anterior decompression and stabilization of the spine as a treatment for vertebral collapse and spinal cord compression from metastatic malignancy. 340 24

Stabilization of the spinal column with Harrington distraction rods and acrylic fusion was the primary form of treatment in a select group of patients with metastatic carcinoma of the spinal column. Clinical criteria included patients in poor general medical condition with intractable pain originating from metastatic tumor involvement in the ventral components of the thoracic or upper lumbar spinal column and minimal evidence or absence of spinal cord compression. After stabilization, pain relief was almost total and sustained, and neurological status generally remained unchanged from preoperative findings without any evidence of improvement of preexisting abnormalities or occasions of rapid neurological deterioration. This form of spinal stabilization may offer significant relief of debilitating pain, lessen the risk of pathological fracture-dislocation of the thoracic or upper lumbar vertebral column, and reduction in the local compressive effects on the spinal cord caused by ventrally situated metastatic tumor.
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PMID:Distraction rod stabilization in the treatment of metastatic carcinoma. 661 39

Two cases of aneurysmal bone cyst of the dorsal lumbar spine are presented with four- and seven-year follow-up periods. The lesion in each case involved the vertebral bodies and posterior elements and extended to contiguous bony structures. Both anterior and posterior staged procedures were required for maximal excision, rendering the spine extremely unstable at the involved levels. Anterior strut grafting with autogenous iliac bone was done during the first stage after the vertebral bodies had been curetted. Three weeks later the remaining dorsal elements and associated tumor were removed through a posterior approach, and the spine was stabilized with the Harrington compression-distraction system and posterior autogenous iliac crest grafts. Both patients were neurologically normal after operation, and the spines in both were stable and solidly fused. Both have remained symptom-free and have had no evidence of recurrence.
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PMID:Two-stage resection and spinal stabilization for aneurysmal bone cyst. A report of two cases. 662 86

A technique of autogenous grafting for repair of large defects in long bones is presented. Quadrangular grafts, taken from the external table of the posterior ilium, are modeled by bending them into cylindrical form, which has higher mechanical resistance as compared to flat struts. Cancellous chips are added. The original shape of the bone is immediately restored, and heavy internal fixation is avoided. combination of cortical and cancellous bone grafts provides both strength and rapid bone healing. There is no risk of fracture at the donor site. Of eight consecutive cases operated on, seven were successful. One failed because of relapsing infection. The procedure is suitable in children, adolescents, and young adults, for difficult cases of large defects in long bones left after resection of tumors and tumor-like conditions, as well as after diaphyseal distraction for leg lengthening.
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PMID:Cylindrically modeled bone grafts. 704 52

We used simultaneous bone and soft tissue transport for reconstruction of large compound tissue loss in the lower leg. We report the results and complications of a 12-patient series. The average age of the patients was 31.2 years (range 20 to 48 years). Seven patients had grade IIIB open tibial fractures, three had complications after grade II or IIIA, and two had an en-bloc resection of bone, muscle, and skin for a malignant bone tumor. Arteriography was routinely performed, and demonstrated at least one patent tibial artery. Every patient had normal sensibility of the sole. The first stage of the reconstruction was an aggressive excision of the all necrotic skin, muscle, and bone. The Ilizarov external fixator was applied and wires were secured under a tension of 100 kg, using a dynamometric tensioner. Cutaneous tissue loss was not replaced in 10 patients, when the bone was not exposed. A medial gastrocnemius flap was performed in two patients and lengthened with the bone. Corticotomy was performed 15 days after the first stage with careful respect for the periosteum. Distraction was initiated 15 days after the corticotomy. The average bone defect was 12.5 cm after initial excision. An average of 9 operative procedures and 18 months of treatment were required before bony union. The mean duration of bone transport was 6.5 months, and the mean duration of external fixation was 12 months. The final functional results were fair and only two patients returned to work. One patient had a below-knee amputation after 10 months of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Reconstruction of compound tibial and soft tissue loss using a traction histogenesis technique. 876 May 55

Sarcomatous degeneration of fibrous dysplasia has been previously documented in rare cases, often in association with prior radiation therapy. This case report describes the occurrence of osteosarcoma arising in the distal femur of a 15-year-old male with previous biopsy-proven fibrous dysplasia, who had undergone limb lengthening through a distal femoral corticotomy using the technique described by Ilizarov. In addition, distraction osteogenesis through an area of fibrous dysplasia in the proximal tibia produced a new area of fibrous dysplasia in the regenerate tissue as shown by histopathologic examination. This case raises two questions: (a) whether the biologic stimulus of distraction osteogenesis through abnormal metaplastic bone increases the risk of malignant neoplasia, and (b) whether distraction osteogenesis through dysplastic bone is contraindicated, since the regenerate tissue does not form normal bone.
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PMID:Osteogenic sarcoma arising from bony regenerate following Ilizarov femoral lengthening through fibrous dysplasia. 811 62

A total of 113 patients, excluding those with tumor, spondylitis, and idiopathic scoliosis, underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) with autologous iliac crest graft between 1984 and 1991 at our department. The proportion of these who were failed back patients was higher than that reported in the literature. Evaluation of functional outcome was feasible in 80 patients, utilizing Oswestry and Marburg scores, which were closely intercorrelated. The overall results yielded an improvement in the Oswestry score of 35.7 percentage points. A subset of 52 patients who were evaluated twice, showed the same results at an average of 6.6 years as they did at 2.3 years following surgery. Functional results showed a weak correlation with postoperative height loss of the intervertebral space. Influencing factors for the functional result were: postoperative compensation claim, age, and obesity. Of the professional people involved, 19.4% did not return to any occupation. Patients satisfied with the result had significantly greater functional improvement. Younger patients with additional dorsal distraction prior to ALIF for reduction of severe spondylolisthesis fared better than patients with ALIF alone. The rate of complications was low and did not contribute to the postoperative functional result. On the basis of these results further prospective studies have been designed and are currently underway.
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PMID:Standardized evaluation of long-term results after anterior lumbar interbody fusion. 891 34

Distraction osteogenesis by Ilizarov's method is becoming popular for limb saving surgery today. In this article we report a case of osteosarcoma recurrence after using bone distraction in a dog with osteogenic sarcoma. This case suggests that stimulation of osteogenesis by bone distraction promotes tumor recurrence and metastases in osteosarcoma. We recommend to use this method only when allograft or endoprostheses can not save the limb after wide bone resection.
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PMID:[A postoperative osteosarcoma recurrence after bone distraction by Ilizarov method in a dog]. 979 95


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